Tanach
Bamidbar 18:8-20 במדבר י״ח:ח׳-כ׳
Part of: KorachKorach, Aliyah 6Chapter 18
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
וַיְדַבֵּר יְהֹוָה אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹן וַאֲנִי הִנֵּה נָתַתִּֽי לְךָ אֶת־מִשְׁמֶרֶת תְּרוּמֹתָי לְכׇל־קׇדְשֵׁי בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל לְךָ נְתַתִּים לְמׇשְׁחָה וּלְבָנֶיךָ לְחׇק־עוֹלָֽם׃
Adonoy spoke to Aharon: “Behold I have given you the guarding of my terumah-gifts, and all the hallowed things of Bnei Yisroel, to you and your children I give them for consecration, as a portion forever.
Adonoy spoke to Aharon: “Behold I have given you the guarding of my terumah-gifts, and all the hallowed things of Bnei Yisroel, to you and your children I give them for consecration, as a portion forever.
Rashi
משמרת תרומתי. שֶׁאַתָּה צָרִיךְ לְשָׁמְרָן בְּטָהֳרָה:
The guarding of my terumah-gifts. Which you must guard in ritual purity.
למשחה. לִגְדֻלָּה (שם):
For consecration. For greatness.
זֶֽה־יִהְיֶה לְךָ מִקֹּדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים מִן־הָאֵשׁ כׇּל־קׇרְבָּנָם לְֽכׇל־מִנְחָתָם וּלְכׇל־חַטָּאתָם וּלְכׇל־אֲשָׁמָם אֲשֶׁר יָשִׁיבוּ לִי קֹדֶשׁ קׇֽדָשִׁים לְךָ הוּא וּלְבָנֶֽיךָ׃
This is yours from the most holy from the fire, [of] all their sacrifices—their minchah-offerings, their sin-offerings and their guilt-offerings which they return to Me shall be most holy to you and your sons.
This is yours from the most holy from the fire, [of] all their sacrifices—their minchah-offerings, their sin-offerings and their guilt-offerings which they return to Me shall be most holy to you and your sons.
Rashi
מן האש. לְאַחַר הַקְטָרַת הָאִשִּׁים:
From the fire. After the burning of the fire.
כל קרבנם. כְּגוֹן זִבְחֵי שַׁלְמֵי צִבּוּר:
[Of] all their sacrifices. For example, the communal shelamim-offerings.
מנחתם חטאתם ואשמתם. כְּמַשְׁמָעוֹ:
Their minchah-offerings, their sin-offerings, and their guilt-offerings. As the plain meaning indicates.
אשר ישיבו לי. זֶה גֶּזֶל הַגֵּר (שם; זבחים מ"ד):
Which they return to Me. This refers to the proselyte’s stolen property.
בְּקֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים תֹּאכְלֶנּוּ כׇּל־זָכָר יֹאכַל אֹתוֹ קֹדֶשׁ יִֽהְיֶה־לָּֽךְ׃
You shall eat it in the supremely holy (place), every male may eat it—it shall be holy to you.
You shall eat it in the supremely holy (place), every male may eat it—it shall be holy to you.
Rashi
בקדש הקדשים תאכלנו וגו'. לִמֵּד עַל קָדְשֵׁי קֳדָשִׁים שֶׁאֵין נֶאֱכָלִין אֶלָּא בָּעֲזָרָה לְזִכְרֵי כְהֻנָּה:
You shall eat it in the supremely holy. This teaches that the supremely holy offerings may be eaten only in the Sanctuary courtyard, and by the male kohanim.
וְזֶה־לְּךָ תְּרוּמַת מַתָּנָם לְכׇל־תְּנוּפֹת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְךָ נְתַתִּים וּלְבָנֶיךָ וְלִבְנֹתֶיךָ אִתְּךָ לְחׇק־עוֹלָם כׇּל־טָהוֹר בְּבֵיתְךָ יֹאכַל אֹתֽוֹ׃
Their terumah-gift is yours, of all of the wave-offerings of Bnei Yisroel I give to you and to your sons and daughters that are with you as an everlasting portion; all those ritually pure in your house may eat it.
Their terumah-gift is yours, of all of the wave-offerings of Bnei Yisroel I give to you and to your sons and daughters that are with you as an everlasting portion; all those ritually pure in your house may eat it.
Rashi
תרומת מתנם. הַמּוּרָם מִן הַתּוֹדָה וּמֵהַשְּׁלָמִים וּמֵאֵיל נָזִיר:
Their terumah-gift. Which was set aside from the thanksgiving-offering, the peace- offering, and the ram of the nazarite.
לכל תנופת. שֶׁהֲרֵי אֵלּוּ טְעוּנִין תְּנוּפָה:
Of all of the wave-offerings. Since these require waving.
כל טהור. וְלֹא טְמֵאִים; דָּ"אַ: כָּל טָהוֹר לְרַבּוֹת אִשְׁתּוֹ:
All those ritually pure. But not those ritually defiled. Another interpretation of “all those ritually pure” — to include his wife.
כֹּל חֵלֶב יִצְהָר וְכׇל־חֵלֶב תִּירוֹשׁ וְדָגָן רֵאשִׁיתָם אֲשֶׁר־יִתְּנוּ לַֽיהֹוָה לְךָ נְתַתִּֽים׃
The best of the oil, and the best of the wine and grain—their terumah-gift that they present to Adonoy—I have given to you.
The best of the oil, and the best of the wine and grain—their terumah-gift that they present to Adonoy—I have given to you.
Rashi
ראשיתם. הִיא תְּרוּמָה גְדוֹלָה:
Their terumah-gift. This refers to the major terumah-gift.
בִּכּוּרֵי כׇּל־אֲשֶׁר בְּאַרְצָם אֲשֶׁר־יָבִיאוּ לַיהֹוָה לְךָ יִהְיֶה כׇּל־טָהוֹר בְּבֵיתְךָ יֹאכְלֶֽנּוּ׃
The first fruits of all that is in their land, which they bring before Adonoy, shall be yours; all those ritually pure in your house may eat it.
The first fruits of all that is in their land, which they bring before Adonoy, shall be yours; all those ritually pure in your house may eat it.
כׇּל־חֵרֶם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל לְךָ יִהְיֶֽה׃
Everything consecrated in Israel shall be yours.
Everything consecrated in Israel shall be yours.
כׇּל־פֶּטֶר רֶחֶם לְֽכׇל־בָּשָׂר אֲשֶׁר־יַקְרִיבוּ לַֽיהֹוָה בָּאָדָם וּבַבְּהֵמָה יִֽהְיֶה־לָּךְ אַךְ ׀ פָּדֹה תִפְדֶּה אֵת בְּכוֹר הָֽאָדָם וְאֵת בְּכֽוֹר־הַבְּהֵמָה הַטְּמֵאָה תִּפְדֶּֽה׃
Every firstling of every being which they offer before Adonoy—man or beast—shall be yours; but you must redeem the firstborn of man and redeem the firstborn of unclean beasts.
Every firstling of every being which they offer before Adonoy—man or beast—shall be yours; but you must redeem the firstborn of man and redeem the firstborn of unclean beasts.
וּפְדוּיָו מִבֶּן־חֹדֶשׁ תִּפְדֶּה בְּעֶרְכְּךָ כֶּסֶף חֲמֵשֶׁת שְׁקָלִים בְּשֶׁקֶל הַקֹּדֶשׁ עֶשְׂרִים גֵּרָה הֽוּא׃
Its redemption—from a month old you should redeem them—the valuation is five silver sela’im of holy silver shekalim which is twenty gerah.
Its redemption—from a month old you should redeem them—the valuation is five silver sela’im of holy silver shekalim which is twenty gerah.
אַךְ בְּֽכוֹר־שׁוֹר אֽוֹ־בְכוֹר כֶּשֶׂב אֽוֹ־בְכוֹר עֵז לֹא תִפְדֶּה קֹדֶשׁ הֵם אֶת־דָּמָם תִּזְרֹק עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וְאֶת־חֶלְבָּם תַּקְטִיר אִשֶּׁה לְרֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ לַֽיהֹוָֽה׃
However, a firstborn ox, a firstborn sheep or firstborn goat do not redeem because they are holy; sprinkle their blood on the altar and burn their fats as a fire-offering as a pleasing fragrance to Adonoy.
However, a firstborn ox, a firstborn sheep or firstborn goat do not redeem because they are holy; sprinkle their blood on the altar and burn their fats as a fire-offering as a pleasing fragrance to Adonoy.
וּבְשָׂרָם יִהְיֶה־לָּךְ כַּחֲזֵה הַתְּנוּפָה וּכְשׁוֹק הַיָּמִין לְךָ יִהְיֶֽה׃
Their flesh is yours; like the breast which is waved and like the right thigh—it shall be yours.
Their flesh is yours; like the breast which is waved and like the right thigh—it shall be yours.
Rashi
כחזה התנופה וכשוק הימין. שֶׁל שְׁלָמִים שֶׁנֶּאֱכָלִין לַכֹּהֲנִים וְלִנְשֵׁיהֶם לִבְנֵיהֶם וּלְעַבְדֵיהֶם לִשְׁנֵי יָמִים וְלַיְלָה אֶחָד, אַף הַבְּכוֹר נֶאֱכָל לִשְׁנֵי יָמִים וְלַיְלָה אֶחָד:
Like the breast which is waved and like the right thigh. Of the peace-offering, which are eaten by the kohanim, and their wives, children, and servants, for two days and one night. The firstborn [animal], also, is eaten for two days and one night.
לך יהיה. בָּא רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא וְלִמֵּד, וְהוֹסִיף לְךָ הַכָּתוּב הֲוָיָה אַחֶרֶת, שֶׁלֹא תֹאמַר, כְּחָזֶה וְשׁוֹק שֶׁל תּוֹדָה שֶׁאֵינוֹ נֶאֱכָל אֶלָּא לְיוֹם וָלַיְלָה (זבחים נ"ז):
It shall be yours. R’ Akiva came, and expounded: Scripture adds an additional “being,” so that you should not say, “like the breast and thigh of the thanksgiving-offering, which is only eaten for a day and a night.”
כֹּל ׀ תְּרוּמֹת הַקֳּדָשִׁים אֲשֶׁר יָרִימוּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל לַֽיהֹוָה נָתַתִּֽי לְךָ וּלְבָנֶיךָ וְלִבְנֹתֶיךָ אִתְּךָ לְחׇק־עוֹלָם בְּרִית מֶלַח עוֹלָם הִוא לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה לְךָ וּֽלְזַרְעֲךָ אִתָּֽךְ׃
All of the sacred terumah-gifts that Bnei Yisroel offer to Adonoy, I have given to you, your sons and daughters with you as an everlasting portion; an eternal covenant of salt before Adonoy to you and your children that are with you.”
All of the sacred terumah-gifts that Bnei Yisroel offer to Adonoy, I have given to you, your sons and daughters with you as an everlasting portion; an eternal covenant of salt before Adonoy to you and your children that are with you.”
Rashi
כל תרומת הקדשים. מֵחִבָּתָהּ שֶל פָּרָשָׁה זוֹ כְּלָלָהּ בַּתְּחִלָּה וּכְלָלָהּ בַּסּוֹף וּפָרַט בָּאֶמְצַע (עי' ספרי):
All of the sacred terumah-gifts. Because this parashah is precious, it is generalized at the beginning, generalized at the end, and detailed in between.
ברית מלח עולם. כָּרַת בְּרִית עִם אַהֲרֹן בְּדָבָר הַבָּרִיא וּמִתְקַיֵּם וּמַבְרִיא אֶת אֲחֵרִים (שם):
An eternal covenant of salt. He made a covenant with Aharon with a robust, enduring object which invigorates others.
ברית מלח. כַּבְּרִית הַכְּרוּתָה לַמֶּלַח שֶׁאֵינוֹ מַסְרִיחַ לְעוֹלָם:
A covenant of salt. Like the covenant made with salt, which never spoils.
וַיֹּאמֶר יְהֹוָה אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹן בְּאַרְצָם לֹא תִנְחָל וְחֵלֶק לֹא־יִהְיֶה לְךָ בְּתוֹכָם אֲנִי חֶלְקְךָ וְנַחֲלָתְךָ בְּתוֹךְ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ {ס}
Adonoy said to Aharon: “You will have no inheritance in their land, and you will not have a share among them; I am your inheritance and portion among Bnei Yisroel.
Adonoy said to Aharon: “You will have no inheritance in their land, and you will not have a share among them; I am your inheritance and portion among Bnei Yisroel.
Rashi
וחלק לא יהיה לך בתוכם. אַף בַּבִּזָּה (שם):
And you will not have a share among them. Even in the spoils.
ואני הנה נתתי לך. בְּשִׂמְחָה, לְשׁוֹן שִׂמְחָה הוּא זֶה, כְּמוֹ "הִנֵּה הוּא יֹצֵא לִקְרָאתֶךָ וְרָאֲךָ וְשָׂמַח בְּלִבּוֹ" (שמות ד'); מָשָׁל לְמֶלֶךְ שֶׁנָּתַן שָׂדֶה לְאוֹהֲבוֹ, וְלֹא כָתַב וְלֹא חָתַם וְלֹא הֶעֱלָה בְעַרְכָּאִין, בָּא אֶחָד וְעִרְעֵר עַל הַשָּׂדֶה, אָמַר לוֹ הַמֶּלֶךְ כָּל מִי שֶׁיִּרְצֶה יָבֹא וִיעַרְעֵר לְנֶגְדְּךָ, הֲרֵינִי כוֹתֵב וְחוֹתֵם לְךָ וּמַעֲלֶה בְעַרְכָּאִין, אַף כָּאן, לְפִי שֶׁבָּא קֹרַח וְעִרְעֵר כְּנֶגֶד אַהֲרֹן עַל הַכְּהֻנָּה, בָּא הַכָּתוּב וְנָתַן לוֹ כ"ד מַתְּנוֹת כְּהֻנָּה בִּבְרִית מֶלַח עוֹלָם, וְלְכָךְ נִסְמְכָה פָרָשָׁה זוֹ לְכָאן (ספרי):
Behold, I have given you. With joy. This term denotes joy, as in, “behold, he is going out to meet you, and when he sees you, he will rejoice in his heart.” This is compared to a king who gave a property to his intimate friend, but did not write and sign a deed, or register it with the authorities. Someone came and claimed the property. The king said to him: “Whoever wishes will come and claim against you. Behold, I will write and sign a deed to you, and register it with the authorites.” Here, too, because Korach came and claimed the kehunah from Aharon, Scripture presents him with twenty-four kehunah gifts, with the eternal covenant of salt. This is why this chapter was placed here.