Tanach
Divrei HaYamim II 20:1-13 דברי הימים ב כ׳:א׳-י״ג
Part of: Chapter 20
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
וַיְהִי אַחֲרֵי־כֵן בָּאוּ בְנֵי־מוֹאָב וּבְנֵי עַמּוֹן וְעִמָּהֶם ׀ מֵהָעַמּוֹנִים עַל־יְהוֹשָׁפָט לַמִּלְחָמָֽה׃
And it came to pass after this, that the children of Mo᾽av, and the children of ῾Ammon, and with them some of the Me῾unim, came against Yehoshafat to battle.
And it came to pass after this, that the children of Mo᾽av, and the children of ῾Ammon, and with them some of the Me῾unim, came against Yehoshafat to battle.
Rashi
וַיָּבֹאוּ וַיַּגִּידוּ לִיהֽוֹשָׁפָט לֵאמֹר בָּא עָלֶיךָ הָמוֹן רָב מֵעֵבֶר לַיָּם מֵאֲרָם וְהִנָּם בְּחַֽצְצוֹן תָּמָר הִיא עֵין גֶּֽדִי׃
Then there came some that told Yehoshafat, saying, There comes a great multitude against thee from beyond the sea from Aram; and, behold, they are in Ḥażeżon-tamar, which is ῾En-gedi.
Then there came some that told Yehoshafat, saying, There comes a great multitude against thee from beyond the sea from Aram; and, behold, they are in Ḥażeżon-tamar, which is ῾En-gedi.
Rashi
היא עין גדי. כלומר שאמרו לו כבר באו כל כך בקרוב לנו:
the same is Ein-Gedi i.e., They said to him, “They have already come so close to us.”
וַיִּרָא וַיִּתֵּן יְהוֹשָׁפָט אֶת־פָּנָיו לִדְרוֹשׁ לַֽיהֹוָה וַיִּקְרָא־צוֹם עַל־כׇּל־יְהוּדָֽה׃
And Yehoshafat was afraid, and set himself to seek the Lord, and proclaimed a fast throughout all Yehuda.
And Yehoshafat was afraid, and set himself to seek the Lord, and proclaimed a fast throughout all Yehuda.
וַיִּקָּבְצוּ יְהוּדָה לְבַקֵּשׁ מֵיְהֹוָה גַּם מִכׇּל־עָרֵי יְהוּדָה בָּאוּ לְבַקֵּשׁ אֶת־יְהֹוָֽה׃
And Yehuda gathered themselves together, to ask help of the Lord: even out of all the cities of Yehuda they came to seek the Lord.
And Yehuda gathered themselves together, to ask help of the Lord: even out of all the cities of Yehuda they came to seek the Lord.
Rashi
גם מכל ערי יהודה. שלא תאמר כשאמר בתחלה ויקבצו יהודה לבקש אלו יושבי ירושלים לבד הם אלא מכל ערי יהודה באו:
also from all the cities of Judah That you should not say, when it is stated initially, “And the Judeans gathered to seek,” that these were the inhabitants of Jerusalem only, but they came from all the cities of Judah.
וַיַּעֲמֹד יְהוֹשָׁפָט בִּקְהַל יְהוּדָה וִירוּשָׁלַ͏ִם בְּבֵית יְהֹוָה לִפְנֵי הֶחָצֵר הַחֲדָשָֽׁה׃
And Yehoshafat stood in the congregation of Yehuda and Yerushalayim, in the house of the Lord, before the new court,
And Yehoshafat stood in the congregation of Yehuda and Yerushalayim, in the house of the Lord, before the new court,
וַיֹּאמַר יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵי אֲבֹתֵינוּ הֲלֹא אַתָּה־הוּא אֱלֹהִים בַּשָּׁמַיִם וְאַתָּה מוֹשֵׁל בְּכֹל מַמְלְכוֹת הַגּוֹיִם וּבְיָֽדְךָ כֹּחַ וּגְבוּרָה וְאֵין עִמְּךָ לְהִתְיַצֵּֽב׃
And said, O Lord God of our fathers, are not Thou God in heaven? and dost Thou not rule over all the kingdoms of the nations? and in Thy hand is there not power and might, so that none is able to withstand Thee?
And said, O Lord God of our fathers, are not Thou God in heaven? and dost Thou not rule over all the kingdoms of the nations? and in Thy hand is there not power and might, so that none is able to withstand Thee?
Rashi
ואתה מושל בכל ממלכות הגוים ובידך כח וגבורה. לנהוג ממשלתך עליהם לכך אנו מבקשים ממך לעזרונו מהם:
and that You rule over all the kingdoms of the nations and in Your hand is strength and might to conduct Your rule over them; therefore, we beseech You to save us from them.
ובידך כח. בעל כח וגבורה הרדי"ן בלע"ז:
and in Your hand is strength and might in wars and might, hardiess in French, boldness.
ואין עמך להתיצב. אין שום בריה יכולה לעמוד נגדך בכל ממלכות הגוים דוגמתו (יהושע א׳:ה׳) לא יתיצב איש לפניך וכן (מ"א) מי הוא לפניו יתיצב (כך פי' רבינו מנחם בר חלבו זצ"ל):
and no one can stand with You No creature can stand against You of all the kingdoms of the nations, and an example of this is (Josh. 1:5): “No man shall stand before You.” (Rabbi Menahem the son of Helbo explained it in this manner.)
הֲלֹא ׀ אַתָּה אֱלֹהֵינוּ הוֹרַשְׁתָּ אֶת־יֹֽשְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ הַזֹּאת מִלִּפְנֵי עַמְּךָ יִשְׂרָאֵל וַֽתִּתְּנָהּ לְזֶרַע אַבְרָהָם אֹהַבְךָ לְעוֹלָֽם׃
Are Thou not our God, who didst drive out the inhabitants of this land before Thy people Yisra᾽el, and didst give it to the seed of Avraham Thy friend for ever?
Are Thou not our God, who didst drive out the inhabitants of this land before Thy people Yisra᾽el, and didst give it to the seed of Avraham Thy friend for ever?
Rashi
ותתנה לזרע אברהם. לפיכך עליך להחזיקה בידם ולגרש העמי' האלה כי אפי' מלך ואפי' שום אדם כשנתן מתנה לאוהבו ובא אחר לגוזלו הימנו דוחק בעצמו להחזיקה בידו כ"ש אתה ושמא תאמר לא נתתיה לכם אלא לפי שעה בשביל כך נאמר לעיל ירושת עולם נתת לנו:
and given it to the seed of Abraham Therefore, it is incumbent upon You to preserve it in their hands and to drive these peoples out. Even a flesh and blood king, and even an ordinary man, when he gives a present to his friend and someone comes to rob him of it, he exerts himself to preserve it in his hand. How much more so [should] You [do so]! Perhaps You will say, “I gave it to them only temporarily.” Therefore, it says, “forever.” You gave it to us for an eternal inheritance.
וַיֵּשְׁבוּ־בָהּ וַיִּבְנוּ לְךָ ׀ בָּהּ מִקְדָּשׁ לְשִׁמְךָ לֵאמֹֽר׃
And they dwelt in it, and have built Thee a sanctuary there for Thy name, saying,
And they dwelt in it, and have built Thee a sanctuary there for Thy name, saying,
Rashi
ויבנו לך בה מקדש לשמך לאמר. שאם תבוא עלינו רעה חרב שפוט או שום דין ודבר ורעב:
and therein they built You a Sanctuary for Your name, saying that “should evil come upon us, etc.” judgment or any judgment, whether sword, pestilence, or famine.
אִם־תָּבוֹא עָלֵינוּ רָעָה חֶרֶב שְׁפוֹט וְדֶבֶר וְרָעָב נַעַמְדָה לִפְנֵי הַבַּיִת הַזֶּה וּלְפָנֶיךָ כִּי שִׁמְךָ בַּבַּיִת הַזֶּה וְנִזְעַק אֵלֶיךָ מִצָּרָתֵנוּ וְתִשְׁמַע וְתוֹשִֽׁיעַ׃
If, when evil come upon us, sword, judgment, or pestilence, or famine, we stand before this house, and in Thy presence, (for Thy name is in this house,) and cry to Thee in our affliction, then Thou wilt hear and help.
If, when evil come upon us, sword, judgment, or pestilence, or famine, we stand before this house, and in Thy presence, (for Thy name is in this house,) and cry to Thee in our affliction, then Thou wilt hear and help.
Rashi
ונזעק אליך מצרתינו. בבית המקדש:
and we shall cry out to You from our distress in the Temple.
ותשמע ותושיע. כאשר התפלל לפניך שלמה והבטחתו לעשות כך כמ"ש (לעיל ב' ו') ואם ינגף עמך וכל הפרשה עד וסלחת ונתת לאיש ככל דרכיו ויעתר לו ה' כדכתיב (שם) וירא ה' אל שלמה ויאמר לו שמעתי את תפלתך וכל הפרשה עד ואסלח לחטאתם וארפא את ארצם ועתה אני מתפלל שתזכור אותה הבטחה שהבטחתו ותשמע ותושיענו מאויבינו הבאים עלינו:
and You will hear and save as Solomon prayed before You, and You promised him to do so, as is written (above 6:24): “And if Your people is struck down,” continuing with the entire chapter until (verse 30): “and forgive and give to each man according to his ways.” And the Lord accepted his prayer, as it is written (ibid. 7:12): “And the Lord appeared to Solomon, and said to him: I have heard your prayer,” continuing with the entire chapter until (ibid. verse 14) “and forgive their sin and heal their land.” Now I pray that You remember the promise which You promised him, and hear and save us from our enemies who are coming upon us.
וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה בְנֵי־עַמּוֹן וּמוֹאָב וְהַר־שֵׂעִיר אֲשֶׁר לֹֽא־נָתַתָּה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל לָבוֹא בָהֶם בְּבֹאָם מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם כִּי סָרוּ מֵעֲלֵיהֶם וְלֹא הִשְׁמִידֽוּם׃
And now, behold, the children of ῾Ammon and Mo᾽av and mount Se῾ir, whom Thou wouldst not let Yisra᾽el invade, when they came out of the land of Miżrayim, but they turned from them, and did not destroy them;
And now, behold, the children of ῾Ammon and Mo᾽av and mount Se῾ir, whom Thou wouldst not let Yisra᾽el invade, when they came out of the land of Miżrayim, but they turned from them, and did not destroy them;
Rashi
ועתה. על כל זאת שהבטחתנו להושיענו מאויבנו הבאים עלינו:
And now about all that You promised us to save us from our enemies who are coming upon us.
הנה בני עמון ומואב והר שעיר אשר לא נתתה לישראל לבוא בהם. להלחם:
behold the children of Ammon and Moab and Mount Seir, against whom You did not permit Israel to come to wage war.
בבואם מארץ מצרים. ועליהם היה לזכור את החסד ולבא בעזרתינו והם לא די להם שאינן זוכרין לנו אותו החסד להיות עמנו בכל צרותינו אלא שגומלין אלינו רעה ובאין עלינו:
when they came out of the land of Egypt and they should have remembered the kindness [we performed] and come to our aid, but they - not only did they not remember our kindness, to be with us in all our troubles, but they repayed us with evil and attacked us.
וְהִנֵּה־הֵם גֹּמְלִים עָלֵינוּ לָבוֹא לְגָרְשֵׁנוּ מִיְּרֻשָּׁתְךָ אֲשֶׁר הוֹרַשְׁתָּֽנוּ׃
behold, they rewarded us, by coming to cast us out of Thy possession, which Thou hast given us to inherit.
behold, they rewarded us, by coming to cast us out of Thy possession, which Thou hast given us to inherit.
Rashi
לגרשינו מירושתך אשר הורשתנו. אתה בעצמך ולפיכך מה יש להם לערער על ירושתינו:
to drive us out of Your inheritance, which You caused us to inherit You Yourself. Therefore, on what basis can they contest our inheritance?
אֱלֹהֵינוּ הֲלֹא תִשְׁפׇּט־בָּם כִּי אֵין בָּנוּ כֹּחַ לִפְנֵי הֶהָמוֹן הָרָב הַזֶּה הַבָּא עָלֵינוּ וַאֲנַחְנוּ לֹא נֵדַע מַֽה־נַּעֲשֶׂה כִּי עָלֶיךָ עֵינֵֽינוּ׃
O our God, wilt Thou not judge them? for we have no might against this great company that comes against us; nor do we know what to do: but our eyes are upon Thee.
O our God, wilt Thou not judge them? for we have no might against this great company that comes against us; nor do we know what to do: but our eyes are upon Thee.
Rashi
כי עליך עינינו. להושיענו:
but our eyes are upon You to save us.
וְכׇל־יְהוּדָה עֹמְדִים לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה גַּם־טַפָּם נְשֵׁיהֶם וּבְנֵיהֶֽם׃ {ס}
And all Yehuda stood before the Lord, with their little ones, their wives, and their children.
And all Yehuda stood before the Lord, with their little ones, their wives, and their children.
Rashi
גם טפם. כמנהג שהגדודים באים על הארץ בורחים מן הכפרים לערי מבצריהם טפם נשיהם ובניהם:
also their infants It is customary that when troops attack a country, the infants, wives, and children flee the villages to the fortified cities.
ועמהם מהעמונים. זה עמלק ולמה נקראו עמונים לפי ששינה כסותו ולשונו כעמונים ונתערבו בהם ובא להלחם בישראל וכן מוכח למטה בענין ובעת החלו ברינה ותהלה נתן ה' מארבים על בני עמון ומואב והר שעיר וגו' נמצא שהעמונים שנאמר כאן הם עמלקים ששינו לשונם וכסותם והוא שיסד הקליר בפרשת זכור זכור עריץ בעמונים נחבא פרץ כרמי עין גדי כהובא כלומר זכור מה שעשה עמלק העריץ שנחבא בין העמונים ובא לפרוץ כרמי ישראל באותו זמן כדכתיב והנם בחצצון תמר היא עין גדי ועין גדי סמוך למחוז של עמלק כמו שנאמר בלך לך (בראשית י״ד:ז׳) ויכו את כל שדה העמלקי וגם את האמורי היושב בחצצון תמר:
and with them, some of the Ammonites This is Amalek. Why were they called Ammonites? Because they changed their dress and their language to resemble that of the Ammonites and mingled with them, and came to wage war against Israel. This can be proven below in the chapter (verse 22): “And at the time they commenced, etc. the Lord placed liers-in-wait against the children of Ammon, Moab, and Mount Seir.” We find that the Ammonites mentioned here are Amalekites who changed their tongue and their dress. This is what the Kallir set down in the section of Zachor: Remember the tyrant who hid among the Ammonites; he breached the vineyards of Ein-Gedi when he was brought, i.e., remember what Amalekite the tyrant did - he hid among the Ammonites and came to breach the vineyards of Israel at that time, as it is written: “and behold they are in Hazazon-Tamar which is Ein-Gedi,” and Ein-Gedi is close to the territory of Amalek, as is stated in (Gen. 14:7): “and they struck down the whole field of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites who dwell in Hazazon- Tamar.”