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9:1

וּכְכַלּוֹת אֵלֶּה נִגְּשׁוּ אֵלַי הַשָּׂרִים לֵאמֹר לֹֽא־נִבְדְּלוּ הָעָם יִשְׂרָאֵל וְהַכֹּהֲנִים וְהַלְוִיִּם מֵעַמֵּי הָאֲרָצוֹת כְּתֹעֲבֹֽתֵיהֶם לַכְּנַעֲנִי הַחִתִּי הַפְּרִזִּי הַיְבוּסִי הָֽעַמֹּנִי הַמֹּאָבִי הַמִּצְרִי וְהָאֱמֹרִֽי׃

And when these [words (i.e., their relating of the king's edicts)] were concluded, the chiefs [of Israel] drew near to me and said: The people have not separated — Israel, and the priests, and the Levites — from the people of the lands, in their abominations — (those of) the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Perizites, the Yevusites, the Ammonites, the Moavites, the Egyptians, and the Emorites.

And when these [words (i.e., their relating of the king's edicts)] were concluded, the chiefs [of Israel] drew near to me and said: The people have not separated — Israel, and the priests, and the Levites — from the people of the lands, in their abominations — (those of) the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Perizites, the Yevusites, the Ammonites, the Moavites, the Egyptians, and the Emorites.

Rashi

אלה. דברים הללו אשר ספרו דתי המלך:

these these incidents that related the kings’ decrees.

והשרים. של ישראל:

the chiefs of Israel.

לאמר. וכן אמרו לי:

saying And so they said to me.

9:2

כִּֽי־נָשְׂאוּ מִבְּנֹֽתֵיהֶם לָהֶם וְלִבְנֵיהֶם וְהִתְעָֽרְבוּ זֶרַע הַקֹּדֶשׁ בְּעַמֵּי הָאֲרָצוֹת וְיַד הַשָּׂרִים וְהַסְּגָנִים הָיְתָה בַּמַּעַל הַזֶּה רִאשׁוֹנָֽה׃

For they have taken of their daughters for themselves and for their sons, and the holy seed [i.e., Israel] have intermingled with the people of the lands, and the hand of the chiefs and their deputies has been in this faithlessness first.

For they have taken of their daughters for themselves and for their sons, and the holy seed [i.e., Israel] have intermingled with the people of the lands, and the hand of the chiefs and their deputies has been in this faithlessness first.

Rashi

היתה במעל הזה ראשונה. שהם התחילו למעול מעל להתחתן בגויי הארצות:

was first in this treachery for they commenced to deal treacherously by intermarrying with the peoples of the lands.

9:3

וּכְשׇׁמְעִי אֶת־הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה קָרַעְתִּי אֶת־בִּגְדִי וּמְעִילִי וָאֶמְרְטָה מִשְּׂעַר רֹאשִׁי וּזְקָנִי וָאֵשְׁבָה מְשׁוֹמֵֽם׃

And when I heard this thing, I rent my garment and my cloak, and I tore out the hair of my head and my beard, and I sat desolate.

And when I heard this thing, I rent my garment and my cloak, and I tore out the hair of my head and my beard, and I sat desolate.

Rashi

משומם. עלוב ושומם כמו (יחזקאל ג׳:ט״ו) שבעת ימים משמים בתוכם:

bewildered Heb. מְשּׁוֹמֵם miserable and bewildered, like (Ez. 3:15): “...seven days bewildered among them.”

9:4

וְאֵלַי יֵאָסְפוּ כֹּל חָרֵד בְּדִבְרֵי אֱלֹהֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל מַעַל הַגּוֹלָה וַאֲנִי יֹשֵׁב מְשׁוֹמֵם עַד לְמִנְחַת הָעָֽרֶב׃

And there gathered unto me all who were zealous for the words of the G-d of Israel, over the faithlessness of the exile, and I sat desolate until the [(daily)] evening offering.

And there gathered unto me all who were zealous for the words of the G-d of Israel, over the faithlessness of the exile, and I sat desolate until the [(daily)] evening offering.

9:5

וּבְמִנְחַת הָעֶרֶב קַמְתִּי מִתַּֽעֲנִיתִי וּבְקׇרְעִי בִגְדִי וּמְעִילִי וָֽאֶכְרְעָה עַל־בִּרְכַּי וָאֶפְרְשָׂה כַפַּי אֶל־יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהָֽי׃

And at the evening offering I rose from my fast [(not having eaten that day)], my garment and my cloak rent, and I bowed down on my knees, and spread out my hands to the L-rd my G-d.

And at the evening offering I rose from my fast [(not having eaten that day)], my garment and my cloak rent, and I bowed down on my knees, and spread out my hands to the L-rd my G-d.

Rashi

מתעניתי. שלא אכלתי אותו יום:

from my fast for I had not eaten on that day.

9:6

וָאֹמְרָה אֱלֹהַי בֹּשְׁתִּי וְנִכְלַמְתִּי לְהָרִים אֱלֹהַי פָּנַי אֵלֶיךָ כִּי עֲוֺנֹתֵינוּ רָבוּ לְמַעְלָה רֹּאשׁ וְאַשְׁמָתֵנוּ גָדְלָה עַד לַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃

And I said: My G-d, I am ashamed and abashed to lift, my G-d, my face to You, for our transgressions have risen above our heads and our guilt has grown until the heavens.

And I said: My G-d, I am ashamed and abashed to lift, my G-d, my face to You, for our transgressions have risen above our heads and our guilt has grown until the heavens.

9:7

מִימֵי אֲבֹתֵינוּ אֲנַחְנוּ בְּאַשְׁמָה גְדֹלָה עַד הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה וּבַעֲוֺנֹתֵינוּ נִתַּנּוּ אֲנַחְנוּ מְלָכֵינוּ כֹהֲנֵינוּ בְּיַד ׀ מַלְכֵי הָאֲרָצוֹת בַּחֶרֶב בַּשְּׁבִי וּבַבִּזָּה וּבְבֹשֶׁת פָּנִים כְּהַיּוֹם הַזֶּֽה׃

From the days of our fathers we are in [(a state of)] great guilt, until this [very] day. And because of our transgressions, we have been delivered — our kings and our priests — into the hand of the kings of the land, to the sword, to captivity, to spoil, and to shamefacedness as [(we see)] of this day, [(the ten tribes having been exiled, and many of the exiles remaining yet in Bavel.)]

From the days of our fathers we are in [(a state of)] great guilt, until this [very] day. And because of our transgressions, we have been delivered — our kings and our priests — into the hand of the kings of the land, to the sword, to captivity, to spoil, and to shamefacedness as [(we see)] of this day, [(the ten tribes having been exiled, and many of the exiles remaining yet in Bavel.)]

Rashi

נתנו. כמו נתננו דגש הנו"ן תחת חסרון נו"ן אחרת כמו (ד"ה ב' י"ד) כי עליך נשענו כמו נשעננו (בראשית ל״ד:ט״ז) ונתנו את בנותינו כמו ונתננו:

we were delivered Heb. נִתַּנוּ, like נִתַּנְנוּ. The “dagesh” in the “nun” is instead of another “nun,” like (II Chron. 14:10): “for we rely (תִשְּׁעַנוּ) on You,” like נִשְּׁעַנְנוּ. (Gen. 34:16): “... then we will give (וְנָתַנוּ) our daughters,” like וְנָתַנְנוּ.

כהיום הזה. כמו שנראה היום הזה שכבר גלו עשרת השבטים ועדיין נשארו בבבל הרבה מן הגולים:

as of this day as appears this day, for the Ten Tribes have already been exiled, and many of the exiles still remain in Babylon.

9:8

וְעַתָּה כִּמְעַט־רֶגַע הָיְתָה תְחִנָּה מֵאֵת ׀ יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ לְהַשְׁאִיר לָנוּ פְּלֵיטָה וְלָתֶת־לָנוּ יָתֵד בִּמְקוֹם קׇדְשׁוֹ לְהָאִיר עֵינֵינוּ אֱלֹהֵינוּ וּלְתִתֵּנוּ מִֽחְיָה מְעַט בְּעַבְדֻתֵֽנוּ׃

And, for the moment, we have been granted favor by the L-rd our G-d, to leave us a remnant and to give us a hold in His holy place, that our G-d enlighten our eyes and give us a little life in our servitude.

And, for the moment, we have been granted favor by the L-rd our G-d, to leave us a remnant and to give us a hold in His holy place, that our G-d enlighten our eyes and give us a little life in our servitude.

Rashi

ועתה כמעט רגע. לפי שעה:

And now, for a short moment temporarily.

תחנה. כמו חנינה:

favor Heb. תְּחִנָה, like חֲנִינָה

ולתת לנו יתד. לקבוע אותנו בארץ ישראל:

and to give us a peg to establish us in the land of Israel.

יתד. כמו (ישעיהו כ״ב:כ״ג) ותקעתיו יתד במקום נאמן:

a peg יָתֵד, like (Isa. 22:23): “And I will thrust him like a peg (יָתֵד) in a sure place.”

מחיה מעט. חיים מועטים:

a little life [as translated,] a little life.

9:9

כִּֽי־עֲבָדִים אֲנַחְנוּ וּבְעַבְדֻתֵנוּ לֹא עֲזָבָנוּ אֱלֹהֵינוּ וַֽיַּט־עָלֵינוּ חֶסֶד לִפְנֵי מַלְכֵי פָרַס לָֽתֶת־לָנוּ מִֽחְיָה לְרוֹמֵם אֶת־בֵּית אֱלֹהֵינוּ וּלְהַעֲמִיד אֶת־חׇרְבֹתָיו וְלָֽתֶת־לָנוּ גָדֵר בִּֽיהוּדָה וּבִירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃ {ס}        

For we are servants [(to Darius, king of Paras)], and in our servitude, our G-d has not forsaken us. For He has bestowed favor upon us before the kings of Paras, to give us the wherewithal to exalt the house of our G-d and to restore its ruins, and to give us a "fence" [(for the observance of His mitzvoth)] in Judah and Jerusalem.

For we are servants [(to Darius, king of Paras)], and in our servitude, our G-d has not forsaken us. For He has bestowed favor upon us before the kings of Paras, to give us the wherewithal to exalt the house of our G-d and to restore its ruins, and to give us a "fence" [(for the observance of His mitzvoth)] in Judah and Jerusalem.

Rashi

כי עבדים אנחנו. לדריוש מלך פרס:

For we are slaves to Darius, king of Persia.

לא עזבנו. לא עזב אותנו:

has not forsaken us Heb. לֹא עֲזָבָנוּ, a combination of לֹא עָזַב אוֹתָנוּ.

ויט. לשון מפעל כמו מטה הטה עלינו חסדו:

and He has extended Heb. וַיַט, an expression of the causative, like מַטֶה. He extended His loving-kindness upon us.

גדר. שהיו גודרין גדר לשמור מצותיו:

a fence for they had created a fence to keep His commandments.

9:10

וְעַתָּה מַה־נֹּאמַר אֱלֹהֵינוּ אַֽחֲרֵי־זֹאת כִּי עָזַבְנוּ מִצְוֺתֶֽיךָ׃

And now, what can we say, our G-d, after this, that we have forsaken Your mitzvoth

And now, what can we say, our G-d, after this, that we have forsaken Your mitzvoth

9:11

אֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתָ בְּיַד עֲבָדֶיךָ הַנְּבִיאִים לֵאמֹר הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר אַתֶּם בָּאִים לְרִשְׁתָּהּ אֶרֶץ נִדָּה הִיא בְּנִדַּת עַמֵּי הָאֲרָצוֹת בְּתוֹעֲבֹֽתֵיהֶם אֲשֶׁר מִלְאוּהָ מִפֶּה אֶל־פֶּה בְּטֻמְאָתָֽם׃

that You commanded through Your servants the prophets, saying: "The land that you are coming to inherit is a defiled land, in the defilement of the people of the lands, in their abominations, with which they have filled it from mouth to mouth in their defilement.

that You commanded through Your servants the prophets, saying: "The land that you are coming to inherit is a defiled land, in the defilement of the people of the lands, in their abominations, with which they have filled it from mouth to mouth in their defilement.

Rashi

נדה. טמאה וגעולה:

unclean Heb. נִדָה, unclean and repulsive.

9:12

וְעַתָּה בְּֽנוֹתֵיכֶם אַל־תִּתְּנוּ לִבְנֵיהֶם וּבְנֹֽתֵיהֶם אַל־תִּשְׂאוּ לִבְנֵיכֶם וְלֹֽא־תִדְרְשׁוּ שְׁלֹמָם וְטוֹבָתָם עַד־עוֹלָם לְמַעַן תֶּחֶזְקוּ וַאֲכַלְתֶּם אֶת־טוּב הָאָרֶץ וְהוֹרַשְׁתֶּם לִבְנֵיכֶם עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃

And now, Your daughters do not give to their sons, and their daughters do not take for your sons, and do not seek their peace and their good forever. So that you take hold [(in the land)] and eat of the good of the land and bequeath it to your sons forever."

And now, Your daughters do not give to their sons, and their daughters do not take for your sons, and do not seek their peace and their good forever. So that you take hold [(in the land)] and eat of the good of the land and bequeath it to your sons forever."

Rashi

והורשתם. את הארץ לבניכם עד עולם:

and you shall cause...to inherit You shall give the land to your children as an inheritance to eternity.

9:13

וְאַֽחֲרֵי כׇּל־הַבָּא עָלֵינוּ בְּמַעֲשֵׂינוּ הָרָעִים וּבְאַשְׁמָתֵנוּ הַגְּדֹלָה כִּי ׀ אַתָּה אֱלֹהֵינוּ חָשַׂכְתָּֽ לְמַטָּה מֵֽעֲוֺנֵנוּ וְנָתַתָּה לָּנוּ פְּלֵיטָה כָּזֹֽאת׃

And after all [these evils] that have come upon us because of our evil acts and our great guilt, [now] that You, our G-d, have kept [Yourself from exacting punishment], beneath the deserts of our transgressions, and You have left us such a remnant,

And after all [these evils] that have come upon us because of our evil acts and our great guilt, [now] that You, our G-d, have kept [Yourself from exacting punishment], beneath the deserts of our transgressions, and You have left us such a remnant,

Rashi

ואחרי כל הבא עלינו. אחרי כל המעשה הרע אשר הגיע עלינו במעשינו הרעים:

And after all that has come upon us after all the calamity that has befallen us because of our evil deeds.

חשכת. למטה מעונינו מנעת מעונותינו עד למטה שנפחת עונינו על כפרת גלותינו ויש לנו לפותרו בענין זה מנעת עצמך מלגבות ממנו כל עונינו וגבית ממנו למטה מן העונות ולא פרעת ממנו ככל חטאתינו:

You have punished less You have held back from our iniquities until below them [i.e., less than them], for our iniquity was lessened by the expiation effected by our exile. We may also interpret it in this manner: You held Yourself back from collecting from us all our iniquity, and You collected from us below [less than] the iniquities, and You requited us according to all our sins.

9:14

הֲנָשׁוּב לְהָפֵר מִצְוֺתֶיךָ וּלְהִתְחַתֵּן בְּעַמֵּי הַתֹּעֵבוֹת הָאֵלֶּה הֲלוֹא תֶֽאֱנַף־בָּנוּ עַד־כַּלֵּה לְאֵין שְׁאֵרִית וּפְלֵיטָֽה׃ {ס}        

shall we revert to the violation of Your mitzvoth, to intermarry with the peoples of these abominations! Will You not rage at us until [(the point of)] destruction, until [there is left of us] no trace or remnant?

shall we revert to the violation of Your mitzvoth, to intermarry with the peoples of these abominations! Will You not rage at us until [(the point of)] destruction, until [there is left of us] no trace or remnant?

Rashi

הנשיב. אם נשוב:

If we revert Heb. הֲנָשּׁוּב, if we return.

הלא תאנף בנו. תמיה המתקיימת:

will You not be wroth with us a wonder with an affirmative answer.

9:15

יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל צַדִּיק אַתָּה כִּֽי־נִשְׁאַרְנוּ פְלֵיטָה כְּהַיּוֹם הַזֶּה הִנְנוּ לְפָנֶיךָ בְּאַשְׁמָתֵינוּ כִּי אֵין לַעֲמוֹד לְפָנֶיךָ עַל־זֹֽאת׃ {פ}

O L-rd, G-d of Israel, You are righteous, for we have been left as a remnant as of this day. Behold, we are before You in our guilt, for we [have] no merits [with which] to stand before You against [i.e., to counter] this transgression.

O L-rd, G-d of Israel, You are righteous, for we have been left as a remnant as of this day. Behold, we are before You in our guilt, for we [have] no merits [with which] to stand before You against [i.e., to counter] this transgression.

Rashi

כי אין. כח מעשים טובים בנו לעמוד ולהתקיים לפניך על עבירה זו:

for we cannot lit. for there is nothing; i.e., we do not have the power of good deeds to stand and exist before You, because of this transgression.

Texts

  • Hebrew: Miqra according to the Masorah · License: CC-BY-SA
  • English: The Rashi Ketuvim by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein · License: CC-BY
  • Hebrew: On Your Way · License: PD
  • English: The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg · License: CC-BY

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