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6:1

וַיְהִי כַאֲשֶׁר נִשְׁמַע לְסַנְבַלַּט וְטוֹבִיָּה וּלְגֶשֶׁם הָֽעַרְבִי וּלְיֶתֶר אֹֽיְבֵינוּ כִּי בָנִיתִי אֶת־הַחוֹמָה וְלֹא־נוֹתַר בָּהּ פָּרֶץ גַּם עַד־הָעֵת הַהִיא דְּלָתוֹת לֹא־הֶעֱמַדְתִּי בַשְּׁעָרִֽים׃

And it was, when it was heard by Sanvalat and Toviah and Geshem the Arab and the rest of our foes that I had built the wall and no breach remained in it, (and) also, (that) up to that time I had not set doors in the gates [(viz. verse 10)],

And it was, when it was heard by Sanvalat and Toviah and Geshem the Arab and the rest of our foes that I had built the wall and no breach remained in it, (and) also, (that) up to that time I had not set doors in the gates [(viz. verse 10)],

Rashi

ולא נותר בה. בחומת העיר:

and no breach was left therein in the wall of the city.

דלתות לא העמדתי. שלא נעשו דלתות בשערי העיר:

I had not erected that doors were not made in the gates of the city.

6:2

וַיִּשְׁלַח סַנְבַלַּט וְגֶשֶׁם אֵלַי לֵאמֹר לְכָה וְנִֽוָּעֲדָה יַחְדָּו בַּכְּפִירִים בְּבִקְעַת אוֹנוֹ וְהֵמָּה חֹֽשְׁבִים לַעֲשׂוֹת לִי רָעָֽה׃

that Sanvalat and Geshem sent to me, saying: Go, and we will meet together in Kefirim in the valley of Ono (and [I understood that] they were plotting to do me evil [i.e., to kill me])

that Sanvalat and Geshem sent to me, saying: Go, and we will meet together in Kefirim in the valley of Ono (and [I understood that] they were plotting to do me evil [i.e., to kill me])

Rashi

בכפירים. שם מקום הוא:

in Kefirim This is a name of a place.

בבקעת אונו. כך שם הבקעה:

[which is] in the Valley of Ono That is the name of the valley.

והמה חושבים. הבנתי מהם שהיו חושבים עלי להרגני שם:

and they were plotting against me. I understood from them that they were plotting against me to assassinate me there.

6:3

וָאֶשְׁלְחָה עֲלֵיהֶם מַלְאָכִים לֵאמֹר מְלָאכָה גְדוֹלָה אֲנִי עֹשֶׂה וְלֹא אוּכַל לָרֶדֶת לָמָּה תִשְׁבַּת הַמְּלָאכָה כַּאֲשֶׁר אַרְפֶּהָ וְיָרַדְתִּי אֲלֵיכֶֽם׃

And I sent to them messengers, saying: I am busy with a great project and I will not be able to come down. Why should the work halt? When I complete it, I will come down to you.

And I sent to them messengers, saying: I am busy with a great project and I will not be able to come down. Why should the work halt? When I complete it, I will come down to you.

Rashi

מלאכה גדולה אני עושה. מבנייני (העיר ס"א) העפר:

“I am doing great work of the buildings (of the city); other editions read: [of the buildings] of dust.

למה תשבת. למה תהיה המלאכה בטלה:

Why should...stop Why should the work be curtailed?

כאשר ארפה. ידי מן הבניין:

when I leave it Heb. אַרְפֶּהָ, lit. [slacken] my hand from the building.

וירדתי אליכם. לדבר ולהועד אליכם:

and come down to you to speak with and to meet with you.

6:4

וַיִּשְׁלְחוּ אֵלַי כַּדָּבָר הַזֶּה אַרְבַּע פְּעָמִים וָאָשִׁיב אוֹתָם כַּדָּבָר הַזֶּֽה׃ {פ}

And they sent me in this wise four times, and I returned answer in this wise [i.e., as I had before].

And they sent me in this wise four times, and I returned answer in this wise [i.e., as I had before].

6:5

וַיִּשְׁלַח אֵלַי סַנְבַלַּט כַּדָּבָר הַזֶּה פַּעַם חֲמִישִׁית אֶֽת־נַעֲרוֹ וְאִגֶּרֶת פְּתוּחָה בְּיָדֽוֹ׃

And Sanvalat sent me in this wise a fifth time by his youth with an open [i.e., an unsealed] letter in his hand.

And Sanvalat sent me in this wise a fifth time by his youth with an open [i.e., an unsealed] letter in his hand.

Rashi

את נערו. ע"י נערו:

with his servant through his servant.

ואגרת פתוחה בידו. כתב אגרת שלח לי על ידו:

and an open letter was in his hand He sent me a written letter through him.

6:6

כָּתוּב בָּהּ בַּגּוֹיִם נִשְׁמָע וְגַשְׁמוּ אֹמֵר אַתָּה וְהַיְּהוּדִים חֹשְׁבִים לִמְרוֹד עַל־כֵּן אַתָּה בוֹנֶה הַחוֹמָה וְאַתָּה הֹוֶה לָהֶם לְמֶלֶךְ כַּדְּבָרִים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃

In it, such words were written: It has been heard [(by all the gentiles)] and Gashmu [the Arab also] says: You and the Jews are plotting to rebel, wherefore you are building the wall, and you would be their king.

In it, such words were written: It has been heard [(by all the gentiles)] and Gashmu [the Arab also] says: You and the Jews are plotting to rebel, wherefore you are building the wall, and you would be their king.

Rashi

כתוב בה. באותה אגרת:

It was written in it in that letter.

בגוים נשמע. שנודע לכל העכו"ם שאתה וכל היהודים חושבים למרוד:

It is heard among the nations that it is known to all the nations that you and all the Jews are plotting to rebel.

וגשמו אומר. גשמו הוא גשם הערבי ופתרונו כאדם שאומר לחבירו כך הוא הדבר ופלוני אומר:

and Gashmu says Gashmu is Geshem the Arab, and its interpretation is like a man who says to his friend, “This is the matter, and so-and-so says.”

כדברים האלה. מוסב על כתוב בה ומקרא מסורס הוא והרי הוא כאילו נאמר כתוב בה כדברים האלה בגוים נשמע וגו':

according to these words This refers back to the text, and it is a transposed verse. It is as though it was written, “According to these words was heard among the nations, etc.”

6:7

וְגַם־נְבִיאִים הֶעֱמַדְתָּ לִקְרֹא עָלֶיךָ בִֽירוּשָׁלַ͏ִם לֵאמֹר מֶלֶךְ בִּֽיהוּדָה וְעַתָּה יִשָּׁמַע לַמֶּלֶךְ כַּדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה וְעַתָּה לְכָה וְנִֽוָּעֲצָה יַחְדָּֽו׃ {פ}

And you have also set up speakers to proclaim over you in Jerusalem: "There is a king in Judah!" And now, these things will be heard by the king. And now, come, and we will take counsel together.

And you have also set up speakers to proclaim over you in Jerusalem: "There is a king in Judah!" And now, these things will be heard by the king. And now, come, and we will take counsel together.

Rashi

וגם נביאים וגו'. עד ונועצה יחדיו היה כתוב באגרת:

...also...speakers Until “...and take counsel together” was written in the letter.

נביאים. בעלי לשון כמו בורא ניב שפתים (ישעיה ט'):

speakers Heb. נְבִיאִים, speakers, like (Isa. 57:19): “I created the speech (נִיב) of the lips.”

לאמר. שאומרים יש מלך ביהודה:

saying who say that there is a king in Judea.

ועתה ישמע למלך. אחרי שנקראת מלך ישמע למלך כדברים האלה:

and now it will be reported to the king After you have been called king, it will be reported to the king according to these words.

6:8

וָאֶשְׁלְחָה אֵלָיו לֵאמֹר לֹא נִֽהְיָה כַּדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה אֲשֶׁר אַתָּה אוֹמֵר כִּי מִֽלִּבְּךָ אַתָּה בוֹדָֽאם׃

And I sent to him, saying: These things that you speak of are not so; you are imagining them.

And I sent to him, saying: These things that you speak of are not so; you are imagining them.

Rashi

כי מלבך. הרי כי במקום אלא:

from your heart Heb. כִּי. This כִּי is in place of אֶלָּא, but.

בודם. קונטרבנטאל"ש בלע"ז כמו אשר בדה מלבו:

invent them contro(u)ves eles in Old French; you are concocting them, like (I Kings 12:33): “...that he had fabricated (בָּדָה) from his heart.”

6:9

כִּי כֻלָּם מְיָֽרְאִים אוֹתָנוּ לֵאמֹר יִרְפּוּ יְדֵיהֶם מִן־הַמְּלָאכָה וְלֹא תֵעָשֶׂה וְעַתָּה חַזֵּק אֶת־יָדָֽי׃

For all of them [(the gentiles)] fear us, wherefore they say: Let them leave off the work so that it not be done. And now, assist me [(in building the wall)].

For all of them [(the gentiles)] fear us, wherefore they say: Let them leave off the work so that it not be done. And now, assist me [(in building the wall)].

Rashi

כי כולם. כי כל העכו"ם:

For they all for all the nations.

מיראים אותנו. מתיראים ממנו וכך הם אומרים ירפו ידיהם וגו':

fear us Heb. מְיָרְאִים. They fear us, and so they say, “Let their hands be slackened, etc.”

ועתה חזק את ידי. לסייעני בבנין החומה:

and now, strengthen my hands to help me with the building of the wall.

6:10

וַאֲנִי־בָאתִי בֵּית שְֽׁמַֽעְיָה בֶן־דְּלָיָה בֶּן־מְהֵֽיטַבְאֵל וְהוּא עָצוּר וַיֹּאמֶר נִוָּעֵד אֶל־בֵּית הָאֱלֹהִים אֶל־תּוֹךְ הַֽהֵיכָל וְנִסְגְּרָה דַּלְתוֹת הַהֵיכָל כִּי בָּאִים לְהׇרְגֶךָ וְלַיְלָה בָּאִים לְהׇרְגֶֽךָ׃

And I came to the house of Shemayah the son of Delayah the son of Mehetavel [(a false prophet, hired by Sanvalat and his cohorts to frighten Nechemiah into halting the work on the wall)], and he was at home. And he said: Let us meet in the house of G-d, in the midst of the sanctuary, and let us lock the doors of the sanctuary, for they are coming to kill you [(by way of the city gates, which were still without doors, [viz. 1])]; and they are coming to kill you tonight.

And I came to the house of Shemayah the son of Delayah the son of Mehetavel [(a false prophet, hired by Sanvalat and his cohorts to frighten Nechemiah into halting the work on the wall)], and he was at home. And he said: Let us meet in the house of G-d, in the midst of the sanctuary, and let us lock the doors of the sanctuary, for they are coming to kill you [(by way of the city gates, which were still without doors, [viz. 1])]; and they are coming to kill you tonight.

Rashi

והוא עצור. שמצאו בביתו:

and he was confined for he found him at home.

ויאמר נועד. אותו שמעיה היה נביא שקר וקבל שוחד מן סנבלט וחביריו להפחיד את נחמיה כדי לבטל את המלאכה:

and he said, “Let us meet Shemaiah was a false prophet who had received a bribe from Sanballat and his colleagues to frighten Nehemiah in order to stop the work.

כי באים להרגך. שהרי יבואו להרגך סנבלט וחביריו:

for they are coming to assassinate you for Sanballat and his colleagues will come to assassinate you.

ולילה באים. וע"כ הזהירו ליכנס בהיכל ולסגור הדלתות עליו שעדיין לא נעשו דלתות שערי העיר כמה שנאמר בתחילת הפרשה גם עד העת ההיא דלתות לא העמדתי בשערים:

and tonight they are coming Therefore, he warned him to enter the Temple and to close the doors about himself, because the doors of the gates of the city had not been made, as it says at the beginning of the chapter (verse 1): “Also that until that time, I had not erected doors in the gates.”

6:11

וָאֹמְרָה הַאִישׁ כָּמוֹנִי יִבְרָח וּמִי כָמוֹנִי אֲשֶׁר־יָבֹא אֶל־הַהֵיכָל וָחָי לֹא אָבֽוֹא׃

And I said: Shall a man such as I run away [(out of fear)]? And who such as I [(a non-priest)] may come to the sanctuary and live? [viz. Numbers 3:38] I shall not come!

And I said: Shall a man such as I run away [(out of fear)]? And who such as I [(a non-priest)] may come to the sanctuary and live? [viz. Numbers 3:38] I shall not come!

Rashi

האיש כמוני יברח. בתמיה אם איש כמוני יברח ליכנס בהיכל:

Will a man like me flee This is a question: Will a man like me flee to enter the Temple?

לא אבוא. לא אכנס שם מפני פחד המיתה ולא אעבור על המצוה של הקב"ה שלא יבוא ויכנס זר בהיכלו:

I will not enter I will not enter there because of fear of death, and I will not transgress the commandments of the Holy One, blessed be He, that a stranger (a non-Kohen) may not enter His Temple.

6:12

וָאַכִּירָה וְהִנֵּה לֹֽא־אֱלֹהִים שְׁלָחוֹ כִּי הַנְּבוּאָה דִּבֶּר עָלַי וְטוֹבִיָּה וְסַנְבַלַּט שְׂכָרֽוֹ׃

And I realized that, behold, not G-d had sent him (for he spoke [these things] to me [as being] prophecy) and (that) Toviah and Sanvalat had hired him.

And I realized that, behold, not G-d had sent him (for he spoke [these things] to me [as being] prophecy) and (that) Toviah and Sanvalat had hired him.

Rashi

ואכירה. הכרתי בדבריו שלא שלחו הקב"ה בדבר זה שאעבור עבירה מפני פחד המיתה:

And I discerned I discerned in his words that the Holy One, blessed be He, had not sent him on this mission, but that he wanted me to commit a transgression because of fear of death.

כי הנבואה דבר עלי. שהרי הוא דבר הדברים הללו עלי בשם נבואה:

for he spoke prophesy concerning me for he spoke these words concerning me in the name of prophecy.

שכרו. כל א' וא' מהם שכרו ונתנו לו שכר להפחידני ולבטל בבנין החומה:

had hired him Heb. שְּׂכָרוֹ. Each one of them had hired him and given him pay to frighten me and to curtail the building of the wall.

6:13

לְמַעַן שָׂכוּר הוּא לְמַֽעַן־אִירָא וְאֶֽעֱשֶׂה־כֵּן וְחָטָאתִי וְהָיָה לָהֶם לְשֵׁם רָע לְמַעַן יְחָֽרְפֽוּנִי׃ {פ}

Because he was hired [(had he spoken thus to me)], so that I should fear and do this [i.e., enter the sanctuary] and sin and enable them to vilify me [(as a sinner)] and shame me.

Because he was hired [(had he spoken thus to me)], so that I should fear and do this [i.e., enter the sanctuary] and sin and enable them to vilify me [(as a sinner)] and shame me.

Rashi

למען שכור הוא. אמר לי הדברים הללו:

Because he was hired he told me these things.

למען אירא. כדי שאתירא מהם להיות עושה כן ליכנס בהיכל ולהיות חוטא:

in order that I fear in order that I fear them, to do this to enter the Temple and sin.

והיה להם לשם רע. למען שיהיה להם לשם רע לחרפני בעבירה זו:

so that they should have this for a scandal in order that they should have this as a scandal to reproach me with this sin.

6:14

זׇכְרָה אֱלֹהַי לְטוֹבִיָּה וּלְסַנְבַלַּט כְּמַעֲשָׂיו אֵלֶּה וְגַם לְנוֹעַדְיָה הַנְּבִיאָה וּלְיֶתֶר הַנְּבִיאִים אֲשֶׁר הָיוּ מְיָֽרְאִים אוֹתִֽי׃

Remember, my G-d, Toviah and Sanvalat [to punish them] for these deeds, as well as Noadiah the prophetess and the other prophets who would frighten me [for hire].

Remember, my G-d, Toviah and Sanvalat [to punish them] for these deeds, as well as Noadiah the prophetess and the other prophets who would frighten me [for hire].

Rashi

וגם לנועדיה הנביאה. היא ושאר נביאי השקר קבלו שכר מסנבלט וחביריו כדי להפחידני בנבואת שקריהם:

and also Noadiah the prophetess She and the rest of the false prophets received pay from Sanballat and his cohorts in order to frighten me with their false prophecies.

6:15

וַתִּשְׁלַם הַֽחוֹמָה בְּעֶשְׂרִים וַחֲמִשָּׁה לֶאֱלוּל לַחֲמִשִּׁים וּשְׁנַיִם יֽוֹם׃ {פ}

And the wall was completed on the twenty-fifth of Elul [(in the twentieth year of King Darius, when Nechemiah had come up from Bavel)], on the fifty-second day [(after building had begun)].

And the wall was completed on the twenty-fifth of Elul [(in the twentieth year of King Darius, when Nechemiah had come up from Bavel)], on the fifty-second day [(after building had begun)].

Rashi

בעשרים וחמשה. ימים לחדש אלול בשנת כ' לדריוש המלך שבשנת עשרים לדריוש עלה נחמיה מבבל ובאותה שנה בנה חרבות ירושלים:

on the twenty-fifth day of the month of Ellul, in the twentieth year of King Darius, for in the twentieth year of Darius, Nehemiah went up from Babylon, and in that year he built the ruins of Jerusalem.

לחמשים ושנים יום. סוף נ"ב יום מיום שהתחילו לבנותו נגמר בנין החומה:

after fifty-two days The construction of the wall was completed fifty-two days after they had started building it.

6:16

וַיְהִי כַּאֲשֶׁר שָֽׁמְעוּ כׇּל־אוֹיְבֵינוּ וַיִּֽרְאוּ כׇּל־הַגּוֹיִם אֲשֶׁר סְבִֽיבֹתֵינוּ וַיִּפְּלוּ מְאֹד בְּעֵינֵיהֶם וַיֵּדְעוּ כִּי מֵאֵת אֱלֹהֵינוּ נֶעֶשְׂתָה הַמְּלָאכָה הַזֹּֽאת׃

And when all of our foes heard and all the nations around us saw [(that the city wall had been completed)], they fell greatly in their (own) eyes, [(the fear of the Jews falling upon them)], and they knew that it was from the L-rd that this work had been done.

And when all of our foes heard and all the nations around us saw [(that the city wall had been completed)], they fell greatly in their (own) eyes, [(the fear of the Jews falling upon them)], and they knew that it was from the L-rd that this work had been done.

Rashi

ויהי כאשר שמעו כל אויבינו. דבר זה שנשלם בנין החומה:

Now it came to pass when all our enemies heard this matter, that the construction of the wall was completed.

ויראו כל הגוים. וכאשר ראו כל העכו"ם שנגמר בנין חומת העיר:

that all the nations became frightened when all the nations saw that the construction of the wall of the city had been completed.

ויפלו מאד בעיניהם. נפלו הם עצמם בעיניהם שהיו מואסים בעצמם כי נפל פחד היהודים עליהם:

and they fell very low in their own eyes They themselves fell in their own eyes; they despised themselves, for the fear of the Jews had fallen upon them.

6:17

גַּם ׀ בַּיָּמִים הָהֵם מַרְבִּים חֹרֵי יְהוּדָה אִגְּרֹתֵיהֶם הוֹלְכוֹת עַל־טוֹבִיָּה וַאֲשֶׁר לְטוֹבִיָּה בָּאוֹת אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃

Even in those days the nobles of Judah sent letters frequently to Toviah [(a wicked Jew)], and those of Toviah came to them.

Even in those days the nobles of Judah sent letters frequently to Toviah [(a wicked Jew)], and those of Toviah came to them.

Rashi

חורי יהודה. שרי יהודה:

the rulers of Judea Heb. חֹרֵי, the princes of Judea.

על טוביה. אל טוביה ישראל רשע היה, (עיין במס' קדושין ע, שמבואר שם שהיה עכו"ם וצ"ע מיוש"ה):

to Tobiah Heb. עַל-טוֹבִיָה. He was a renegade Israelite.

ואשר לטוביה. ואגרת אשר לטוביה:

and Tobiah’s i.e., Tobiah’s letters.

6:18

כִּי־רַבִּים בִּֽיהוּדָה בַּעֲלֵי שְׁבוּעָה לוֹ כִּי־חָתָן הוּא לִשְׁכַנְיָה בֶן־אָרַח וִֽיהוֹחָנָן בְּנוֹ לָקַח אֶת־בַּת־מְשֻׁלָּם בֶּן בֶּֽרֶכְיָֽה׃

For many in Judah were covenanted with him. For he was a son-in-law of Shechanyah the son of Arach, and Jonathan his [(Toviah's)] son had wed the daughter of Meshulam the son of Berechyah.

For many in Judah were covenanted with him. For he was a son-in-law of Shechanyah the son of Arach, and Jonathan his [(Toviah's)] son had wed the daughter of Meshulam the son of Berechyah.

Rashi

כי רבים ביהודה. שהיו שרים רבים ביהודה אשר היו לו לטוביה בעלי ברית ושבועה:

For many in Judea Heb. רַבִּים, who were great rulers in Judea, were partners in a covenant and an oath with him.

כי חתן הוא. אותו טוביה לשכניה:

for he was the son-in-law Tobiah [was the son-in-law] of Shechaniah.

ויהוחנן בנו. של טוביה:

and Jehohanan his son [the son] of Tobiah.

בת משולם. אותו משולם שר וגדול היה:

the daughter of Meshullam Meshullam was a great man and a ruler.

6:19

גַּם טוֹבֹתָיו הָיוּ אֹמְרִים לְפָנַי וּדְבָרַי הָיוּ מוֹצִיאִים לוֹ אִגְּרוֹת שָׁלַח טוֹבִיָּה לְיָֽרְאֵֽנִי׃ {פ}

They also told of his prowess, and they told him of my affairs. (Toviah had [always] sent letters to frighten me [(not to build the wall)]).

They also told of his prowess, and they told him of my affairs. (Toviah had [always] sent letters to frighten me [(not to build the wall)]).

Rashi

גם טובותיו. של טוביה היו מספרים לפני אותן בעלי שבועתו וקרוביו:

also of his good qualities His confederates and his kinsmen would speak of them before me.

טובותיו. ששפרואוצ"ש בלע"ז:

his good qualities Heb. טוֹבֹתְָיו ses proezes, in Old French, his gallant exploits.

היו מוציאים לו. להגיד לו לטוביה:

they divulged to him to tell Tobiah.

אגרת שלח טוביה. אגרות היה שולח תדיר להפחידני שלא לבנות בנין החומ':

Tobiah sent letters He constantly sent letters to frighten me so that we would not build the wall.

Texts

  • Hebrew: Miqra according to the Masorah · License: CC-BY-SA
  • English: The Rashi Ketuvim by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein · License: CC-BY
  • Hebrew: On Your Way · License: PD
  • English: The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg · License: CC-BY

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