Tanach
Shmuel I 21:6-9 שמואל א כ״א:ו׳-ט׳
Part of: Chapter 21
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
וַיַּעַן דָּוִד אֶת־הַכֹּהֵן וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ כִּי אִם־אִשָּׁה עֲצֻֽרָה־לָנוּ כִּתְמוֹל שִׁלְשֹׁם בְּצֵאתִי וַיִּהְיוּ כְלֵֽי־הַנְּעָרִים קֹדֶשׁ וְהוּא דֶּרֶךְ חֹל וְאַף כִּי הַיּוֹם יִקְדַּשׁ בַּכֶּֽלִי׃
Dovid answered the kohein, saying to him, "Women have been kept from us yesterday and the day before, when I left; the garments of the youths were pure, even though it is an ordinary mission, even more so today it will remain sacred in the vessel."
Dovid answered the kohein, saying to him, "Women have been kept from us yesterday and the day before, when I left; the garments of the youths were pure, even though it is an ordinary mission, even more so today it will remain sacred in the vessel."
Rashi
ויהיו כלי הנערים קדש. טהורים:
The garments of the youths were pure. [Literally 'holy'] pure.
והוא דרך חול. והלחם משנסתלק מעל השולחן והקטירו הבזיכין, קרוב הוא להיות חולין, שיצא מידי מעילה משיהיה לו שעת היתר לכהנים:
Even though it is an ordinary mission. And the bread, once it has been removed from the table, and they have burned the spoonfuls [of frankincense], it is almost common, because it has been excluded from [the prohibition of] מְעִילָה as soon as it becomes permitted for the kohanim [to eat].5The phrase וְהוּא דֶרֶךְ הֹל can then be translated as ‘it has already been made non-sacred’ referring to the showbreads [not to the mission], that they had lost some of their sanctity once the frankincense had been burnt.
ואף כי היום יקדש בכלי. ואפילו אם היום היתה תחלת קדושתו על השלחן, הייתי זקוק ליטלו משם ולהאכילנו, שאחזו בולמוס ומסוכן הוא, כך מפורש במנחות:
Even more so today it will remain sacred in the vessel. Even if today were the beginning of its sanctity on the table, I would be obliged to take it from there and feed ourselves, for a ravenous hunger has seized us, and our lives are in danger. Thus it is explained in [Maseches] Menachos.6
וַיִּתֶּן־לוֹ הַכֹּהֵן קֹדֶשׁ כִּי לֹא־הָיָה שָׁם לֶחֶם כִּֽי־אִם־לֶחֶם הַפָּנִים הַמּֽוּסָרִים מִלִּפְנֵי יְהֹוָה לָשׂוּם לֶחֶם חֹם בְּיוֹם הִלָּֽקְחֽוֹ׃
The kohein gave him sacred [bread], for there was no [other] bread there, except for the showbread that was removed from before Adonoy, in order to put hot bread on the day it was taken off.
The kohein gave him sacred [bread], for there was no [other] bread there, except for the showbread that was removed from before Adonoy, in order to put hot bread on the day it was taken off.
Rashi
לשום לחם חם. אחר, ביום הלקח זה ורבותינו אמרו (יומא כא א): חם ביום הלקחו, גם ביום סלוקו, חם כיום סדורו:
In order to put hot bread. Other warm bread on the day this was removed. Our Rabbis said, that it was warm on the day it was taken, i.e., it was as warm on the day it was removed as it was on the day it was arranged.7See Maseches Menachos 96a and Chagigah 26b which describes the miracle of the showbread; it retained its warmth and freshness after lying on the table more than a week. The preservation of warmth and freshness symbolized that ה׳ preserves the strength of the Bnei Yisroel and never allows it to fully dissipate.
וְשָׁם אִישׁ מֵעַבְדֵי שָׁאוּל בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא נֶעְצָר לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה וּשְׁמוֹ דֹּאֵג הָאֲדֹמִי אַבִּיר הָרֹעִים אֲשֶׁר לְשָׁאֽוּל׃
One of Shaul's servants was there on that day, who remained before Adonoy; his name was Do'eg the Edomite, chief of Shaul's shepherds.
One of Shaul's servants was there on that day, who remained before Adonoy; his name was Do'eg the Edomite, chief of Shaul's shepherds.
Rashi
נעצר לפני ה'. עוצר עצמו לפני אהל מועד, לעסוק בתורה:
Who remained before Adonoy. He tarried before the Tent of Meeting to engage in the study of Torah.
אביר הרועים. אב בית דין:
Chief of Shaul's shepherds. The head of the tribunal.
וַיֹּאמֶר דָּוִד לַאֲחִימֶלֶךְ וְאִין יֶשׁ־פֹּה תַֽחַת־יָדְךָ חֲנִית אוֹ־חָרֶב כִּי גַם־חַרְבִּי וְגַם־כֵּלַי לֹא־לָקַחְתִּי בְיָדִי כִּֽי־הָיָה דְבַר־הַמֶּלֶךְ נָחֽוּץ׃ {ס}
Dovid then said to Achimelech, "Perhaps you have in your possession a spear or a sword, for my sword and my weapons I did not take with me, because the king's mission was urgent."
Dovid then said to Achimelech, "Perhaps you have in your possession a spear or a sword, for my sword and my weapons I did not take with me, because the king's mission was urgent."
Rashi
ואין יש פה. ואם יש פה:
Perhaps you have in your possession. And if there is here.
נחוץ. בבהילות:
Urgent. Hurried.
עצורה לנו. עצורה ממנו:
Have been kept from us. Withheld from us.4They seem to have treated even ordinary food as if it were holy food as in above 20:26.