Tanach
Shmuel I 31 שמואל א ל״א
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וּפְלִשְׁתִּים נִלְחָמִים בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וַיָּנֻסוּ אַנְשֵׁי יִשְׂרָאֵל מִפְּנֵי פְלִשְׁתִּים וַיִּפְּלוּ חֲלָלִים בְּהַר הַגִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃
The Philistines were battling with Yisroel, and the men of Yisroel fled from the Philistines and fell slain on Har Gilbo'a.
The Philistines were battling with Yisroel, and the men of Yisroel fled from the Philistines and fell slain on Har Gilbo'a.
Rashi
וַיַּדְבְּקוּ פְלִשְׁתִּים אֶת־שָׁאוּל וְאֶת־בָּנָיו וַיַּכּוּ פְלִשְׁתִּים אֶת־יְהוֹנָתָן וְאֶת־אֲבִינָדָב וְאֶת־מַלְכִּישׁוּעַ בְּנֵי שָׁאֽוּל׃
The Philistines overtook Shaul and his sons, and the Philistines slew Yonoson, Avinodov, and Malki Shua, the sons of Shaul.
The Philistines overtook Shaul and his sons, and the Philistines slew Yonoson, Avinodov, and Malki Shua, the sons of Shaul.
וַתִּכְבַּד הַמִּלְחָמָה אֶל־שָׁאוּל וַיִּמְצָאֻהוּ הַמּוֹרִים אֲנָשִׁים בַּקָּשֶׁת וַיָּחֶל מְאֹד מֵהַמּוֹרִֽים׃
The battle then turned against Shaul; the archers who shot at him with bows found him, and he was very terrified of the archers.
The battle then turned against Shaul; the archers who shot at him with bows found him, and he was very terrified of the archers.
וַיֹּאמֶר שָׁאוּל לְנֹשֵׂא כֵלָיו שְׁלֹף חַרְבְּךָ ׀ וְדׇקְרֵנִי בָהּ פֶּן־יָבוֹאוּ הָעֲרֵלִים הָאֵלֶּה וּדְקָרֻנִי וְהִתְעַלְּלוּ־בִי וְלֹא אָבָה נֹשֵׂא כֵלָיו כִּי יָרֵא מְאֹד וַיִּקַּח שָׁאוּל אֶת־הַחֶרֶב וַיִּפֹּל עָלֶֽיהָ׃
Shaul said to his armsbearer, "Draw your sword and stab me, lest these uncircumcised men come and stab me and make sport of me." But his armsbearer did not want to do so, for he was very frightened; so Shaul took the sword and fell upon it.
Shaul said to his armsbearer, "Draw your sword and stab me, lest these uncircumcised men come and stab me and make sport of me." But his armsbearer did not want to do so, for he was very frightened; so Shaul took the sword and fell upon it.
וַיַּרְא נֹשֵֽׂא־כֵלָיו כִּי מֵת שָׁאוּל וַיִּפֹּל גַּם־הוּא עַל־חַרְבּוֹ וַיָּמׇת עִמּֽוֹ׃
When his armsbearer saw that Shaul was dead, he also fell upon his sword and died with him.
When his armsbearer saw that Shaul was dead, he also fell upon his sword and died with him.
וַיָּמׇת שָׁאוּל וּשְׁלֹשֶׁת בָּנָיו וְנֹשֵׂא כֵלָיו גַּם כׇּל־אֲנָשָׁיו בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא יַחְדָּֽו׃
Shaul died, and his three sons, and his armsbearer, as well as all his men, together on that day.
Shaul died, and his three sons, and his armsbearer, as well as all his men, together on that day.
וַיִּרְאוּ אַנְשֵֽׁי־יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר־בְּעֵבֶר הָעֵמֶק וַאֲשֶׁר ׀ בְּעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן כִּי־נָסוּ אַנְשֵׁי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְכִי־מֵתוּ שָׁאוּל וּבָנָיו וַיַּעַזְבוּ אֶת־הֶעָרִים וַיָּנֻסוּ וַיָּבֹאוּ פְלִשְׁתִּים וַיֵּשְׁבוּ בָּהֶֽן׃ {פ}
When the men of Yisroel saw—those who were on the other side of the valley and on the other side of the Yardein—that the men of Yisroel fled and that Shaul and his sons were dead, they abandoned their cities and fled. The Philistines then came and settled in them.
When the men of Yisroel saw—those who were on the other side of the valley and on the other side of the Yardein—that the men of Yisroel fled and that Shaul and his sons were dead, they abandoned their cities and fled. The Philistines then came and settled in them.
וַֽיְהִי מִֽמׇּחֳרָת וַיָּבֹאוּ פְלִשְׁתִּים לְפַשֵּׁט אֶת־הַחֲלָלִים וַֽיִּמְצְאוּ אֶת־שָׁאוּל וְאֶת־שְׁלֹשֶׁת בָּנָיו נֹפְלִים בְּהַר הַגִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃
On the next day, when the Philistines came to strip the corpses, they found Shaul and his three sons, fallen on Har Gilbo'a.
On the next day, when the Philistines came to strip the corpses, they found Shaul and his three sons, fallen on Har Gilbo'a.
וַֽיִּכְרְתוּ אֶת־רֹאשׁוֹ וַיַּפְשִׁטוּ אֶת־כֵּלָיו וַיְשַׁלְּחוּ בְאֶֽרֶץ־פְּלִשְׁתִּים סָבִיב לְבַשֵּׂר בֵּית עֲצַבֵּיהֶם וְאֶת־הָעָֽם׃
They cut off his head and stripped off his armor, and sent [them] in the land of the Philistines—throughout—to bring the news to the temples of their idols and to the people.
They cut off his head and stripped off his armor, and sent [them] in the land of the Philistines—throughout—to bring the news to the temples of their idols and to the people.
וַיָּשִׂימוּ אֶת־כֵּלָיו בֵּית עַשְׁתָּרוֹת וְאֶת־גְּוִיָּתוֹ תָּֽקְעוּ בְּחוֹמַת בֵּית שָֽׁן׃
They placed his armor in the temple of Ashtoros, and they hung his body on the wall of Beis Shon.
They placed his armor in the temple of Ashtoros, and they hung his body on the wall of Beis Shon.
וַיִּשְׁמְעוּ אֵלָיו יֹשְׁבֵי יָבֵישׁ גִּלְעָד אֵת אֲשֶׁר־עָשׂוּ פְלִשְׁתִּים לְשָׁאֽוּל׃
They heard about him—the inhabitants of Yoveish Gilod—about what the Philistines had done to Shaul.
They heard about him—the inhabitants of Yoveish Gilod—about what the Philistines had done to Shaul.
Rashi
וישמעו אליו. כמו עליו, על שאול:
About him. Meaning the same as עָלָיו [about him], i.e., about Shaul.
וַיָּקוּמוּ כׇּל־אִישׁ חַיִל וַיֵּלְכוּ כׇל־הַלַּיְלָה וַיִּקְחוּ אֶת־גְּוִיַּת שָׁאוּל וְאֵת גְּוִיֹּת בָּנָיו מֵחוֹמַת בֵּית שָׁן וַיָּבֹאוּ יָבֵשָׁה וַיִּשְׂרְפוּ אֹתָם שָֽׁם׃
All the men of valor rose and went that entire night, and they removed Shaul's body and his sons' bodies from the wall of Beis Shon; they came to Yoveish and burned them there.
All the men of valor rose and went that entire night, and they removed Shaul's body and his sons' bodies from the wall of Beis Shon; they came to Yoveish and burned them there.
Rashi
וישרפו אותם שם. תרגום: וקלו עליהן כמא דקלן על מלכיא תמן, כדתנן (עבודה זרה יא א) שורפין על המלכים ולא מדרכי האמורי:
And burned them there. [Targum renders,] "And they burned for them1I.e., they burned incense to cover the odor and prevent the decay of the bodies.—Radak as they burn for the kings there." As we learned:2A king’s personal belongings are burned at his death to prevent other people from using them, as stated in Maseches Avoda Zarah 11a. We perform the burning [ritual] at [the burial of] kings, and it is not [considered] an Amorite custom.
וַיִּקְחוּ אֶת־עַצְמֹתֵיהֶם וַיִּקְבְּרוּ תַחַת־הָאֶשֶׁל בְּיָבֵשָׁה וַיָּצֻמוּ שִׁבְעַת יָמִֽים׃ {פ}
They took their bones and buried them under the tamarisk tree in Yoveish, and they fasted seven days.
They took their bones and buried them under the tamarisk tree in Yoveish, and they fasted seven days.
ופלשתים נלחמים בישראל. כאדם האומר נחזור לענין ראשון:
The Philistines were battling with Yisroel. As a person saying, 'Let us go back to the earlier topic.'