Tanach
Shmuel II 21:6-14 שמואל ב כ״א:ו׳-י״ד
Part of: Chapter 21Setumah, II Samuel 21:1
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
(ינתן) [יֻתַּן־]לָנוּ שִׁבְעָה אֲנָשִׁים מִבָּנָיו וְהוֹקַֽעֲנוּם לַיהֹוָה בְּגִבְעַת שָׁאוּל בְּחִיר יְהֹוָה {פ}
וַיֹּאמֶר הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲנִי אֶתֵּֽן׃
Give us seven of his sons and we will hang them before Adonoy in Givas Shaul, the chosen one of Adonoy." The king said, "I will give [them to you]".
Give us seven of his sons and we will hang them before Adonoy in Givas Shaul, the chosen one of Adonoy." The king said, "I will give [them to you]".
Rashi
לה'. לשמו של מקום, להודיע משפטו:
Before God. In the name of God, to publicize His edict.
בחיר ה'. בת קול יצאה ואמרה: בחיר ה' (ברכות יב ב):
The chosen one of God. A heavenly voice came forth and said, "The chosen one of God."14The Givonim who hated Shaul would be unlikely to call him, “the chosen one of God.”
וַיַּחְמֹל הַמֶּלֶךְ עַל־מְפִיבֹשֶׁת בֶּן־יְהוֹנָתָן בֶּן־שָׁאוּל עַל־שְׁבֻעַת יְהֹוָה אֲשֶׁר בֵּינֹתָם בֵּין דָּוִד וּבֵין יְהוֹנָתָן בֶּן־שָׁאֽוּל׃
The king had pity on Mephivoshes, the son of Yohonoson, the son of Shaul because of the oath before Adonoy that was made between Dovid and Yohonoson, the son of Shaul.
The king had pity on Mephivoshes, the son of Yohonoson, the son of Shaul because of the oath before Adonoy that was made between Dovid and Yohonoson, the son of Shaul.
Rashi
ויחמל המלך. בקש רחמים שלא יקלטנו הארון, שהעבירם לפני הארון, כל שהארון קולטו, למיתה (יבמות עט א):
The king had pity. He prayed for pity on Mephivoshes that the Ark should not detain him; because Dovid had them [Shaul's children] pass before the Ark, whomever the Ark detained, was put to death.15i.e., was handed over to the Givonim who subsequently put them to death. Yevomos 79a.
וַיִּקַּח הַמֶּלֶךְ אֶת־שְׁנֵי בְּנֵי רִצְפָּה בַת־אַיָּה אֲשֶׁר יָלְדָה לְשָׁאוּל אֶת־אַרְמֹנִי וְאֶת־מְפִבֹשֶׁת וְאֶת־חֲמֵשֶׁת בְּנֵי מִיכַל בַּת־שָׁאוּל אֲשֶׁר יָלְדָה לְעַדְרִיאֵל בֶּן־בַּרְזִלַּי הַמְּחֹלָתִֽי׃
The king took the two sons of Ritzpoh the daughter of Ayoh who had bore them to Shaul, [whose names were] Armoni and Mephivoshes, and [also] the five sons of Michal, the daughter of Shaul who had bore them to Adriel, the son of Birzilai, the Mecholtite.
The king took the two sons of Ritzpoh the daughter of Ayoh who had bore them to Shaul, [whose names were] Armoni and Mephivoshes, and [also] the five sons of Michal, the daughter of Shaul who had bore them to Adriel, the son of Birzilai, the Mecholtite.
Rashi
בני מיכל בת שאול אשר ילדה לעדריאל. וכי מיכל ילדה, והלא מירב ילדה לו, אלא מירב ילדה, ומיכל גדלה, לפיכך נקרא על שמה, והמגדל יתום ויתומה בתוך ביתו, כאלו ילדו ונקרא על שמו (סנהדרין יט ב):
Sons of Michal, the daughter of Shaul who had bore them to Adriel. Did Michal give birth [to these children]? It was Meirav who bore [those children] to [Adriel]. [The explanation is] that Meirav gave birth [to them] and Michal16Meirav’s sister. raised them, that is why they are called by her name because someone who raises male and female orphans in their house it is considered as if that person gave birth [to the child] and [the child] is called by his name.17Sanhedrin 19a.
וַֽיִּתְּנֵם בְּיַד הַגִּבְעֹנִים וַיֹּקִיעֻם בָּהָר לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה וַיִּפְּלוּ (שבעתים) [שְׁבַעְתָּם] יָחַד (והם) [וְהֵמָּה] הֻמְתוּ בִּימֵי קָצִיר בָּרִאשֹׁנִים (תחלת) [בִּתְחִלַּת] קְצִיר שְׂעֹרִֽים׃
He Delivered them to the hands of the Givonim and they hung them in the mountain before Adonoy. The seven were killed [all] at the same time. They were killed during the first days of the harvest, at the beginning of the barley harvest.
He Delivered them to the hands of the Givonim and they hung them in the mountain before Adonoy. The seven were killed [all] at the same time. They were killed during the first days of the harvest, at the beginning of the barley harvest.
Rashi
בתחלת קציר. בימי ניסן:
At the beginning of the harvest. During the days of Nisson.
וַתִּקַּח רִצְפָּה בַת־אַיָּה אֶת־הַשַּׂק וַתַּטֵּהוּ לָהּ אֶל־הַצּוּר מִתְּחִלַּת קָצִיר עַד נִתַּךְ־מַיִם עֲלֵיהֶם מִן־הַשָּׁמָיִם וְלֹֽא־נָתְנָה עוֹף הַשָּׁמַיִם לָנוּחַ עֲלֵיהֶם יוֹמָם וְאֶת־חַיַּת הַשָּׂדֶה לָֽיְלָה׃
Ritzpoh, the daughter of Ayoh took a sackcloth and spread it out for herself on the mountain [where the corpses were]. [She stayed there] from the beginning of the harvest until the rains fell on them [the corpses] from heaven. She did not let any birds rest on them during the day nor any beasts of the field during the night.
Ritzpoh, the daughter of Ayoh took a sackcloth and spread it out for herself on the mountain [where the corpses were]. [She stayed there] from the beginning of the harvest until the rains fell on them [the corpses] from heaven. She did not let any birds rest on them during the day nor any beasts of the field during the night.
Rashi
עד נתך מים. בימות הגשמים בתשרי, שלא נתנו לקבורה והלא כתיב (דברים כא כג): לא תלין נבלתו, אלא אמרו מוטב תיעקר אות אחת מן התורה, ויתקדש שם שמים בפרהסיא, שהיו עוברין ושבין אומרים: מה טיבן של אלו, אומרים להם: מבני מלכים הם, ומה עשו, פשטו ידם בגרים גרורים, אומרים: אין לך אומה ראויה לידבק בה כאומה זו (יבמות עט א):
Until the rains fell on them. During the rainy season in Tishri. Their bones were not removed for burial. But is it not written, "His body should not remain [hanging] overnight"18Devorim 21:22. Why did Dovid let this happen?? However they reasoned that it is better that one of the letters of the Torah be uprooted in order that God's Name be publicly sanctified. Passersby would ask "Why have these people come to this fate?" They were told [in response], "They are royal sons." "What did they do [wrong]?" "They assaulted downtrodden foreigners." [The passersby] would say, "There is no people better to associate with then this people."19Yevomos 79a.
וַיֻּגַּד לְדָוִד אֵת אֲשֶׁר־עָשְׂתָה רִצְפָּה בַת־אַיָּה פִּלֶגֶשׁ שָׁאֽוּל׃
Dovid was told what Ritzphoh, the daughter of Ayoh did; she was the concubine of Shaul.
Dovid was told what Ritzphoh, the daughter of Ayoh did; she was the concubine of Shaul.
וַיֵּלֶךְ דָּוִד וַיִּקַּח אֶת־עַצְמוֹת שָׁאוּל וְאֶת־עַצְמוֹת יְהוֹנָתָן בְּנוֹ מֵאֵת בַּעֲלֵי יָבֵישׁ גִּלְעָד אֲשֶׁר גָּנְבוּ אֹתָם מֵרְחֹב בֵּֽית־שַׁן אֲשֶׁר (תלום שם הפלשתים) [תְּלָאוּם שָׁמָּה פְּלִשְׁתִּים] בְּיוֹם הַכּוֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּים אֶת־שָׁאוּל בַּגִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃
Dovid went and took the bones of Shaul and the bones of Yohonoson, his son from the leaders of Yoveish Gilod who had stolen them from the street of Beis Shan. where they had hung them—the Pelishtim. on the day the Pelishtim killed Shaul in Gilboa.
Dovid went and took the bones of Shaul and the bones of Yohonoson, his son from the leaders of Yoveish Gilod who had stolen them from the street of Beis Shan. where they had hung them—the Pelishtim. on the day the Pelishtim killed Shaul in Gilboa.
Rashi
ויקח את עצמות שאול. שנאמר לו עליהם 'אל שאול', שלא נספד כהלכה:
He took Shaul's bones. He [Dovid] was told concerning them, "Because of Shaul"20Earlier in 21:1. who was not eulogized according to halachah.
וַיַּעַל מִשָּׁם אֶת־עַצְמוֹת שָׁאוּל וְאֶת־עַצְמוֹת יְהוֹנָתָן בְּנוֹ וַיַּאַסְפוּ אֶת־עַצְמוֹת הַמּוּקָעִֽים׃
He brought up the bones of Shaul and the bones of Yohonoson, his son and they gathered the bones that were hanging.
He brought up the bones of Shaul and the bones of Yohonoson, his son and they gathered the bones that were hanging.
Rashi
ויאספו את עצמות. שבעה המוקעין:
They gathered the bones. Of the seven people that were hung there.21In verse 9.
וַיִּקְבְּרוּ אֶת־עַצְמוֹת־שָׁאוּל וִיהוֹנָֽתָן־בְּנוֹ בְּאֶרֶץ בִּנְיָמִן בְּצֵלָע בְּקֶבֶר קִישׁ אָבִיו וַֽיַּעֲשׂוּ כֹּל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּה הַמֶּלֶךְ וַיֵּעָתֵר אֱלֹהִים לָאָרֶץ אַחֲרֵי־כֵֽן׃ {פ}
They buried the bones of Shaul and the bones of Yohonoson, his son in the land of Binyomin, in Tzailoh, in the grave of his father Kish. They did everything that the king had commanded. After that, God accepted the plea of the land
They buried the bones of Shaul and the bones of Yohonoson, his son in the land of Binyomin, in Tzailoh, in the grave of his father Kish. They did everything that the king had commanded. After that, God accepted the plea of the land
Rashi
כל אשר צוה המלך. להספיד עליהם בכל ערי ישראל:
Everything that the king had commanded. To eulogize them in all of the cities of Yisroel.
והוקענום. תלייה:
We will hang them. Hanging.