Tanach
Shmuel II 8:1-8 שמואל ב ח׳:א׳-ח׳
Part of: Chapter 8
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
וַֽיְהִי אַֽחֲרֵי־כֵן וַיַּךְ דָּוִד אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּים וַיַּכְנִיעֵם וַיִּקַּח דָּוִד אֶת־מֶתֶג הָאַמָּה מִיַּד פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃
Afterwords Dovid struck the Pelishtim and humbled them. Dovid took Meseg Hoamoh from the hand of the Pelishtim.
Afterwords Dovid struck the Pelishtim and humbled them. Dovid took Meseg Hoamoh from the hand of the Pelishtim.
Rashi
מתג. אגויילו"ן בלע"ז:
Meseg. Avillon in O.F.
האמה. הוא המרדע של עץ:
Hoamoh. This is the harness made of wood.3מֶתֶג means the reins. These are references to the control this city had over the Pelishtim.
וַיַּךְ אֶת־מוֹאָב וַֽיְמַדְּדֵם בַּחֶבֶל הַשְׁכֵּב אוֹתָם אַרְצָה וַיְמַדֵּד שְׁנֵֽי־חֲבָלִים לְהָמִית וּמְלֹא הַחֶבֶל לְהַחֲיוֹת וַתְּהִי מוֹאָב לְדָוִד לַעֲבָדִים נֹשְׂאֵי מִנְחָֽה׃
He struck Moav and he measured them with a rope. He had them lie down on the ground, those measured with two ropes were killed and those with the fullness of one rope were allowed to live. Moav became Dovid's slaves, bearers of a [yearly] present [for Dovid].
He struck Moav and he measured them with a rope. He had them lie down on the ground, those measured with two ropes were killed and those with the fullness of one rope were allowed to live. Moav became Dovid's slaves, bearers of a [yearly] present [for Dovid].
Rashi
וימדד שני חבלים להמית. לפי שהרגו את אביו ואת אמו ואחיו, שנאמר (שמואל-א כב ד): וינחם את פני מלך מואב, ולא מצינו שיצאו משם:
Those measured with two ropes were killed. [This vengeance was] because they killed his father, his mother and his brothers as it is said, "He led them before the king of Moav." (Shmuel I, 22:4) We do not find that they ever left from there.4Yalkut Shimoni, 147.
וַיַּךְ דָּוִד אֶת־הֲדַדְעֶזֶר בֶּן־רְחֹב מֶלֶךְ צוֹבָה בְּלֶכְתּוֹ לְהָשִׁיב יָדוֹ (בנהר) [בִּֽנְהַר־פְּרָֽת]׃
Dovid struck Haddadezer, the son of Rechov the king of Tsovoh, as he went to enlarge his border at the P'ras river.
Dovid struck Haddadezer, the son of Rechov the king of Tsovoh, as he went to enlarge his border at the P'ras river.
Rashi
בלכתו. כשהלך הדדעזר:
As he went. When Haddadezer was going
להשיב ידו. כתרגומו: לאשנאה תחומיה, שכבש מן הארץ חוץ לגבול ארצו, והרחיב את גבולו:
To enlarge his border. As [Yonasan] translates, "To widen his border," [Haddadezer] conquored land outside his countries border and widened his border.
וַיִּלְכֹּד דָּוִד מִמֶּנּוּ אֶלֶף וּשְׁבַע־מֵאוֹת פָּרָשִׁים וְעֶשְׂרִים אֶלֶף אִישׁ רַגְלִי וַיְעַקֵּר דָּוִד אֶת־כׇּל־הָרֶכֶב וַיּוֹתֵר מִמֶּנּוּ מֵאָה רָֽכֶב׃
Dovid captured from him one thousand and seven hundred cavalrymen and twenty thousand men on foot. Dovid destroyed all the chariot [horses], [with] one hundred chariot [horses] remaining.
Dovid captured from him one thousand and seven hundred cavalrymen and twenty thousand men on foot. Dovid destroyed all the chariot [horses], [with] one hundred chariot [horses] remaining.
Rashi
ויעקר דוד את כל הרכב. משום (דברים יז טז): לא ירבה לו סוסים:
Dovid destroyed all the chariot [horses]. Because [of the verse], "He must not acquire an abundance of horses for himself"5One of the prohibitions specific to the kings of Yisroel. (See Devorim 17:16)
ויותר ממנו מאה רכב. שהיו צריכין לו לכדי מרכבתו, והרכב ארבעה סוסים, כמו שנאמר (דברי הימים-ב א יז): מרכבה בשש מאות כסף וסוס בחמשים ומאה, כאן למדנו שהרכב ארבעה סוסים:
[With] one hundred chariot [horses] remaining. That he required for his riding entourage. [The word] chariot [refers to] four horses as it is said, (Divrei Hayomim II, 1:17) "Chariot for six hundred silver pieces and horses for one hundred and fifty." From here we learn that a chariot refers to four horses.6Given that a מֶרְכָּבָה fetched six hundred silver pieces, four times the one hundred and fifty cost of one horse.
וַתָּבֹא אֲרַם דַּמֶּשֶׂק לַעְזֹר לַהֲדַדְעֶזֶר מֶלֶךְ צוֹבָה וַיַּךְ דָּוִד בַּאֲרָם עֶשְׂרִֽים־וּשְׁנַיִם אֶלֶף אִֽישׁ׃
Aram Damesek came to help Haddadezer, the king of Tsovoh. Dovid struck among the Aram twenty-two thousand men.
Aram Damesek came to help Haddadezer, the king of Tsovoh. Dovid struck among the Aram twenty-two thousand men.
וַיָּשֶׂם דָּוִד נְצִבִים בַּאֲרַם דַּמֶּשֶׂק וַתְּהִי אֲרָם לְדָוִד לַעֲבָדִים נוֹשְׂאֵי מִנְחָה וַיֹּשַׁע יְהֹוָה אֶת־דָּוִד בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר הָלָֽךְ׃
Dovid placed officers in Aram Damesek and [the people of] Aram were slaves to Dovid bearers of [an annual] present. Adonoy protected Dovid wherever he went.
Dovid placed officers in Aram Damesek and [the people of] Aram were slaves to Dovid bearers of [an annual] present. Adonoy protected Dovid wherever he went.
וַיִּקַּח דָּוִד אֵת שִׁלְטֵי הַזָּהָב אֲשֶׁר הָיוּ אֶל עַבְדֵי הֲדַדְעָזֶר וַיְבִיאֵם יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃
Dovid took the golden quivers that had belonged to the servants of Heddadezcr and brought them to Yerushalayim.
Dovid took the golden quivers that had belonged to the servants of Heddadezcr and brought them to Yerushalayim.
Rashi
שלטי הזהב. הם אשפתות שנותנים בהם החצים, כמה דאת אמר (ירמיהו נא יא): הברו החצים מלאו השלטים. כל הפרשיות הללו סמכן אצל פרשה של בית המקדש, לפי שמכל המלחמות הללו, קיבץ הקדשות לצרכי הבית:
The golden quivers. They are the quivers in which the arrows are put as you say, (Yirmeyah 51:11). "clean out the arrows, till the quivers." All these chapters7Concerning Dovid’s battles. have been set near the chapter concerning the Beis Hamikdash8Dovid’s desire to build a Beis Hamikdash for Hashem in the previous chapter (7:2) and Hashem’s subsequent response. because from all these wars [Dovid] gathered consecrated items for the needs of the House [i.e., Beis Hamikdash].
וּמִבֶּטַח וּמִבֵּרֹתַי עָרֵי הֲדַדְעָזֶר לָקַח הַמֶּלֶךְ דָּוִד נְחֹשֶׁת הַרְבֵּה מְאֹֽד׃ {ס}
From Betach and from Bairosy, cities of Haddadezer, King Dovid took a large amount of bronze.
From Betach and from Bairosy, cities of Haddadezer, King Dovid took a large amount of bronze.
מתג האמה. ובדברי הימים (א יח א) כתיב: ויקח דוד את גת מיד פלשתים, והיא נקראת מתג האמה, על שם שהוא מקל רודה בכל הפלשתים, מטרפולין של מלכים, שלא מצינו בכל סרני פלשתים בעזה ובאשדוד ובעקרון ובאשקלון שם מלכות, אלא בגת מצינו, (שמואל-א כא יא): אכיש מלך גת:
Meseg Hoamoh. In Divrei Hayomim (I, 18:1) it's written, "Dovid took Goss from the hand of the Pelishtim." [Goss] is called Meseg Hoamoh because she was the stick that dominated all the Pelishtim. It was the king's metropolis because we do not find [associated with] any of the Pelishtim rulers [not] with Azoh, Ashdod, Akron [nor] Ashkelon,1This a reference to the Pelishtim rulers enumerated in Yehoshua 13:3. Rashi has left out the Avites, because he relies on Rav’s opinion in Chulin 60b that Avites were from Teimon and not from the Philistine people. a royal title. Only in reference Goss do we find [a royal title], "Akish, the king of Goss."2Shmuel I, 20:11.