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3:10:1

משנה: אֵיזוֹ הִיא אֲשֵׁירָה כֹּל שֶׁיֵּשׁ תַּחְתֶּיהָ עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה. רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר כֹּל שֶׁעוֹבְדִין אוֹתָהּ. וּמַעֲשֶׂה בְצַיידָן בְּאִילָן שֶׁהָיוּ עוֹבְדִין אוֹתוֹ וְהָיָה תַחְתָּיו גָּל. אָמַר לָהֶן רִבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בִּדְקוּ אֶת הַגַּל הַזֶּה וּבְדָקוּהוּ וּמָצְאוּ בוֹ צוּרָה. אָמַר לָהֶן הוֹאִיל וְלַצּוּרָה הֵן עוֹבְדִין נַתִּיר לָהֶן אֶת הָאִילָן:

MISHNAH: What is an Ashera249Where one has no information to place it in one of the categories of Mishnah 11. Babli 48a.? Any under which is an idol. Rebbi Simeon says, any which is worshipped. It happened in Sidon that they were worshipping one and there was a mound under it. Rebbi Joshua250This is a copyist’s error as shown in the Halakhah. One has to read with all other Mishnah source: R. Simeon. said to them, investigate the mound! They investigated it and found a figure in it. He told them, since they worship the figure we may permit the tree to them251The rules of Mishnaiot 13–16 do not apply to this tree.

MISHNAH: What is an Ashera249Where one has no information to place it in one of the categories of Mishnah 11. Babli 48a.? Any under which is an idol. Rebbi Simeon says, any which is worshipped. It happened in Sidon that they were worshipping one and there was a mound under it. Rebbi Joshua250This is a copyist’s error as shown in the Halakhah. One has to read with all other Mishnah source: R. Simeon. said to them, investigate the mound! They investigated it and found a figure in it. He told them, since they worship the figure we may permit the tree to them251The rules of Mishnaiot 13–16 do not apply to this tree.

3:10:2

הלכה: אֵיזוֹ הִיא אֲשֵׁירָה כול׳. אָמַר רַב חִסְדָּא. בִּסְתָם חֲלוּקִין. מָה נָן קַיָימִין. אִם דָּבָר בָּרִיא שֶׁהֵן עוֹבְדִין לַצּוּרָה וְלָאִילָן דִּבְרֵי הַכֹּל אָסוּר. וְאִם דָּבָר בָּרִיא שֶׁהֵן עוֹבְדִין לַצּוּרָה וְאֵינָן עוֹבְדִין לָאִילָן דִּבְרֵי הַכֹּל מוּתָּר. אֶלָּא כֵן אֲנָן קַיָימִין בִּסְתָם. רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר. סְתָמָן עוֹבְדִין לַצּוּרָה וְלָאִילָן. וְרַבָּנִן אָמְרֵי. סְתָמָן עוֹבְדִין לַצּוּרָה וְאֵינָן עוֹבְדִין לָאִילָן. וְקַשְׁיָא. רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן חָלוּק עַל הַחֲכָמִים וְעוֹשֶׂה מַעֲשֶׂה כַּיּוֹצֵא בּוֹ.

HALAKHAH: What is an Ashera? Rav Ḥisda said, They disagree in the indeterminate case249Where one has no information to place it in one of the categories of Mishnah 11. Babli 48a.. Where do we hold? If it is certain that they worship both idol and tree, everybody agrees that it is forbidden. But if it is certain that they worship the idol and do not worship the tree, everybody agrees that it is permitted. But where do we hold? If it is indeterminate. Rebbi Simeon says, normally they worship both idol and tree; but the rabbis say, normally they worship the idol but do not worship the tree. And it is difficult. Rebbi Simeon disagrees with the Sages and acts in their sense252Since in the interpretation of the Halakhah, R. Simeon should have forbidden both tree and idol. But there is nothing to wonder at since R. Simeon insists that practice follow the majority rule against his own opinion, Seviˋit 9:1, Notes 35–36.!

HALAKHAH: What is an Ashera? Rav Ḥisda said, They disagree in the indeterminate case249Where one has no information to place it in one of the categories of Mishnah 11. Babli 48a.. Where do we hold? If it is certain that they worship both idol and tree, everybody agrees that it is forbidden. But if it is certain that they worship the idol and do not worship the tree, everybody agrees that it is permitted. But where do we hold? If it is indeterminate. Rebbi Simeon says, normally they worship both idol and tree; but the rabbis say, normally they worship the idol but do not worship the tree. And it is difficult. Rebbi Simeon disagrees with the Sages and acts in their sense252Since in the interpretation of the Halakhah, R. Simeon should have forbidden both tree and idol. But there is nothing to wonder at since R. Simeon insists that practice follow the majority rule against his own opinion, Seviˋit 9:1, Notes 35–36.!

Texts

  • Hebrew: The Jerusalem Talmud, edition by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer. Berlin, De Gruyter, 1999-2015 · License: CC-BY
  • English: The Jerusalem Talmud, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer. Berlin, De Gruyter, 1999-2015 · License: CC-BY

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