Yerushalmi Bava Kamma 5:4 ירושלמי בבא קמא ה׳:ד׳

MISHNAH: If somebody put his bull in a private courtyard without permission and the owner’s bull gored it or his dog bit it, [the owner] is not liable; if it gored the owner’s bull, he¹⁸The bull’s owner. is liable. If it fell into his²²The courtyard's owner. cistern and caused it to stink, he is liable. If his²²The courtyard's owner. father or son were inside²³And were killed by the falling bull., he pays weregilt. But if he put it in by permission, the owner of the courtyard is liable; Rebbi says, in all these cases²⁴Mishnaiot 3–5., only if he²²The courtyard's owner. agreed to watch.

HALAKHAH: “If somebody put a bull in a private courtyard,” etc. ²⁵Tosephta 5:10,9. A very incomplete quote in the Babli, 48a.“If somebody put a bull in a private courtyard without permission, and a bull came from another place. If it gored, hit, bit, walloped, or kicked, he pays full damages, the words of Rebbi Meïr²⁶For him, half damages for ‘horn’ only applies in the public domain.. But the Sages say, for ‘tooth’ and ‘foot’ he is liable²⁷Cf. Halakhah 1:2.; for goring, or hitting, or biting, or walloping, or kicking, or pushing, a tame [bull] pays half the damages, a notorious full damages from storage.”

Rav Jehudah in the name of Samuel: Practice follows Rebbi²⁸Babli 48b.. Rav Ze‘ira said, practice follows Rebbi. Rebbi Jeremiah said, everybody agrees that in a house, if he tells him, “put it in,” [he implies] “and I shall watch it.” Everybody agrees that on a field, if he tells him, “put it in,” [he implies] “and you watch it.” Where do they disagree? In a courtyard. Rebbi says, a courtyard is like a field, but the Sages say, a courtyard is like a house. There, we have stated²⁹Mishnah 6:3. There, it is stated that if the owner gave permission, he is liable for damages; this seems to contradict R. Jeremiah’s explanation.: If somebody assembles sheaves in another person’s field without permission.” [R. Isaac said,]³⁰Reading of E and Halakhah 6:3. sheaves on a field are like vessels in a house³¹Because of their value, they always are guarded.? Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun said, explain it by one which has a lock³²The field is fenced and locked in..