Talmud Yerushalmi
Yerushalmi Bava Metzia 7:4 ירושלמי בבא מציעא ז׳:ד׳
Part of: Chapter 7
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משנה: אוֹכֵל פּוֹעֵל קִישׁוּת אֲפִילוּ בְדֵינָר וְכוֹתֶבֶת אֲפִילוּ בְדֵינָר. רִבִּי אֶלְעָזָר חַסְמָא אוֹמֵר לֹא יֹאכַל פּוֹעֵל יוֹתֵר עַל שְׂכָרוֹ. וַחֲכָמִים מַתִּירִין אֲבָל מְלַמְּדִין אֶת הָאָדָם שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא רַעַבְתָן וִהֵא סוֹתֵם הַפֶּתַח מִלְּפָנָיו. קוֹצֵץ אָדָם עַל יְדֵי עַצְמוֹ עַל יְדֵי בְנוֹ וּבִתּוֹ הַגְּדוֹלִים עַל יְדֵי עַבְדוֹ וְשִׁפְחָתוֹ הַגְּדוֹלִים עַל יְדֵי אִשְׁתּוֹ מִפְּנֵי שֶׁיֵּשׁ בָּהֶן דַּעַת. אֲבָל לֹא עַל יְדֵי בְנוֹ וּבִתּוֹ הַקְּטַנִּים וְלֹא עַל יְדֵי עַבְדוֹ וְשִׁפְחָתוֹ הַקְּטַנִּים וְלֹא עַל יְדֵי בְהֶמְתּוֹ מִפְּנֵי שֶׁאֵין בָּהֶן דַּעַת.
MISHNAH: A worker may eat zucchini even for a denar’s worth, or dates even for a denar’s worth. Rebbi Eleazar Ḥasma said, a worker may not eat more than his wages32His wages for the day’s work. The Halakhah shows that this was less that a silver denar. In Mishnah Ševi‘it8:4 it is intimated that the daily wages might be as low as one assarius or a quarter denar. (In Matth. 20:2 one denar; but this is an aggadic text.) and the Sages permit it33In Sifry Deut. 266, both parties learn from Deut. 23:25: “you may eat grapes to satisfy yourself.” For R. Eleazar Ḥasma the criterion is yourself, for the Sages to satisfy., but one instructs a man not to be voracious lest he close the door before him34Nobody will hire him in the future if he is known to abuse his rights..
A person may contract for himself, for his adult son or daughter, for his adult male and female slaves, for his wife, because they have understanding. But he may not contract for his underage son or daughter, nor for his underage male and female slaves, nor for his animal, because they have no understanding36This Mishnah is explained only in a short section of the Babli, 92b/93a, which is summarized by Maimonides (Śekhirut 12:14): “A worker who worked together with his wife, children, and slaves for one employer may contract with the employer that none of them will eat from what they are working on. That is, if they are adults, because they have understanding and therefore can give up their rights. But for those underage he cannot contract, since they eat not from their father’s, nor from their employer’s, but from Heaven’s.” Cf. also Ma‘serot 2:6, Note 129..
MISHNAH: A worker may eat zucchini even for a denar’s worth, or dates even for a denar’s worth. Rebbi Eleazar Ḥasma said, a worker may not eat more than his wages32His wages for the day’s work. The Halakhah shows that this was less that a silver denar. In Mishnah Ševi‘it8:4 it is intimated that the daily wages might be as low as one assarius or a quarter denar. (In Matth. 20:2 one denar; but this is an aggadic text.) and the Sages permit it33In Sifry Deut. 266, both parties learn from Deut. 23:25: “you may eat grapes to satisfy yourself.” For R. Eleazar Ḥasma the criterion is yourself, for the Sages to satisfy., but one instructs a man not to be voracious lest he close the door before him34Nobody will hire him in the future if he is known to abuse his rights..
A person may contract for himself, for his adult son or daughter, for his adult male and female slaves, for his wife, because they have understanding. But he may not contract for his underage son or daughter, nor for his underage male and female slaves, nor for his animal, because they have no understanding36This Mishnah is explained only in a short section of the Babli, 92b/93a, which is summarized by Maimonides (Śekhirut 12:14): “A worker who worked together with his wife, children, and slaves for one employer may contract with the employer that none of them will eat from what they are working on. That is, if they are adults, because they have understanding and therefore can give up their rights. But for those underage he cannot contract, since they eat not from their father’s, nor from their employer’s, but from Heaven’s.” Cf. also Ma‘serot 2:6, Note 129..
הלכה: אוֹכֵל פּוֹעֵל קִישׁוּת אֲפִילוּ בְדֵינָר כול'. רִבִּי לָעְזָר בֶּן אַנְטִיגֳנָס אוֹמֵר בְשֵׁם רִבִּי לָעְזָר בֵּירִבִּי יַנַּאי. זֹאת אוֹמֶרֶת. אוֹכֵל פּוֹעֵל יוֹתֵר עַל שְׂכָרוֹ. וְאִית דָּמְרִין רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי יַנַּאי. זֹאת אוֹמֶרֶת שֶׁיֹּאכַל פּוֹעֵל אֶשְׁכּוֹל רִאשׁוֹן וְאֶשְׁכּוֹל אַחֲרוֹן.
HALAKHAH: “A worker may eat zucchini even for a denar’s worth,” etc. Rebbi Eleazar ben Antigonos says in the name of Rebbi Eleazar ben Rebbi Yannai, this means that a worker may eat more than his [daily] wages32His wages for the day’s work. The Halakhah shows that this was less that a silver denar. In Mishnah Ševi‘it8:4 it is intimated that the daily wages might be as low as one assarius or a quarter denar. (In Matth. 20:2 one denar; but this is an aggadic text.). But some say, Rebbi Joḥanan in the name of Rebbi Yannai: This means that a worker may eat the first or the last bunch of grapes35Both the first and the last bunches of grapes would fetch a premium on the market of fresh fruits; nevertheless the farmer may not prohibit his hired hand from eating them. In the Babli, 93a, this is formulated as: Even if the entire yield is only one bunch, the worker may eat it..
HALAKHAH: “A worker may eat zucchini even for a denar’s worth,” etc. Rebbi Eleazar ben Antigonos says in the name of Rebbi Eleazar ben Rebbi Yannai, this means that a worker may eat more than his [daily] wages32His wages for the day’s work. The Halakhah shows that this was less that a silver denar. In Mishnah Ševi‘it8:4 it is intimated that the daily wages might be as low as one assarius or a quarter denar. (In Matth. 20:2 one denar; but this is an aggadic text.). But some say, Rebbi Joḥanan in the name of Rebbi Yannai: This means that a worker may eat the first or the last bunch of grapes35Both the first and the last bunches of grapes would fetch a premium on the market of fresh fruits; nevertheless the farmer may not prohibit his hired hand from eating them. In the Babli, 93a, this is formulated as: Even if the entire yield is only one bunch, the worker may eat it..