Yerushalmi Eruvin 5:2 ירושלמי עירובין ה׳:ב׳

MISHNAH: One gives a fore-court to the city⁵One does not start to measure the 2’000 cubits outside the town from the wall of the (easternmost, northernmost, etc.) house but only at a distance of √5000 ~ 70⅔ cubits (cf. Chapter 2, Note 82)., the words of Rebbi Meïr; but the Sages say that a fore-court was mentioned only between two villages, if each of them has seventy cubits and a remainder, the fore-courts of both make it one. Similarly three villages forming a triangle, if between the two outer ones there are 141⅓ [cubits], the middle one makes all three to be one⁶If the three towns form a triangle and the (necessarily parallel, either NS or EW) lines of support of two pairs of towns are no more than 2×70⅔ = 141⅓ cubits apart, the entire complex is considered one town and without an eruv each inhabitant may walk through all of them and outside 2’000 cubits measured from the outermost lines..

HALAKHAH: Paragraph. “One gives a fore-court to the city⁵One does not start to measure the 2’000 cubits outside the town from the wall of the (easternmost, northernmost, etc.) house but only at a distance of √5000 ~ 70⅔ cubits (cf. Chapter 2, Note 82).,” etc. Rav Ḥuna in the name of [Rav]¹⁰¹Missing in L, inserted from the quote of the text by Rashba, col. 334. Rav Huna is not known to have had any teacher but Rav.: Rebbi Meïr and the rabbis explain the same verse. Rebbi Meïr explained: From the city wall, why does the verse say, outwards¹⁰²Num. 35:4, Babli 57a. He reads the verse that one does not start measuring from the city wall but somewhere outside. The definition of “outside” is given over to the rabbinic authorities.? From here that one gives a fore-court to the city. The rabbis explained, outwards, why does the verse say, from the city wall? From that one does (not)¹⁰³This was written by the scribe but (wrongly) deleted by the corrector who then (wrongly) inserted the relative pronoun in the following space. give a fore-court to the city¹⁰⁴They read the word as stating that one measures outward at a right angle to the wall, starting from the wall.. Does this not mean that one gives a fore-court to the city¹⁰⁵This refers to the second part of Mishnah 2, where it is stated that two villages less than 141⅓ cubits apart are considered a single village for the rules of the Sabbath. This statement seems incompatible with the reading of the verse attributed to the rabbis.? Rebbi Jacob bar Aḥa, Rebbi Abuna, Rebbi Naḥum in the name of Rebbi Samuel bar Abba, the Mishnah is finished¹⁰⁵This refers to the second part of Mishnah 2, where it is stated that two villages less than 141⅓ cubits apart are considered a single village for the rules of the Sabbath. This statement seems incompatible with the reading of the verse attributed to the rabbis..

Paragraph¹⁰⁷Continuation of the discussion of Mishnah 2.. “Similarly three villages forming a triangle,” etc. Samuel said, if they are in a line¹⁰⁸The three villages are more or less in one line; meaning that if one walks from one of the outer ones to the other outer one by necessity one crosses the territory of the middle one.. Bar Qappara said, it they are like a tripod¹⁰⁹An acute triangle.. Which one is the middle one? It is understandable for him who said, they are in a line. For him who said, they are like a tripod, which one is the middle one? Rebbi Samuel, Rebbi Berekhiah’s brother, said, if you are measuring from one, the other is the middle one; if you are measuring from one, the other is the middle one¹¹⁰In an acute triangle every edge can be chosen as basis; the remaining vertex then is between the other two.. Rebbi Jacob bar Aḥa, Rebbi Yasa in the name of Rebbi Ḥanina, only if the middle one not be farther than 2’000 cubits¹¹¹The problem becomes acute only if one of the angles of the triangle is very small compared to the other two; then the vertex with the small angle is in between the other two. Babli 57b.. Rebbi Yose said, I objected before Rebbi Jocob bar Aḥa, did we not state: “if between the two outer ones are 141⅓ [cubits], the middle one makes all three [to be one]⁶If the three towns form a triangle and the (necessarily parallel, either NS or EW) lines of support of two pairs of towns are no more than 2×70⅔ = 141⅓ cubits apart, the entire complex is considered one town and without an eruv each inhabitant may walk through all of them and outside 2’000 cubits measured from the outermost lines..” To permit the two outer ones¹¹²If the distance between villages A,B is < 141⅓ and AC, BC are large but < 2’000 then since one may walk from A to C and from B to C one may make of A and B one village by eruv but not A and C nor B and C.. If there were two, could the middle one be counted for either side? His problem was if there were two people walking. But if one person is walking, it is counted for either side¹¹³If there are 3 villages forming a triangle there is no problem. But if there are 5, A₁ A₂ B₁ B₂ C, and C is an acceptable third both for A₁B₁ and A₂B₂, there is a problem if two people are walking simultaneously from A_i to B_i (i=1,2) since it is not determined for which triangle C should be counted. But if only one person walks, since eruvim are rabbinic we may say that retroactively it became clear that C belongs to where it is needed..