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13:10:1

משנה: שָׁלֹשׁ אֲרָצוֹת לַנִּישּׂוּאִין יְהוּדָה וְעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן וְהַגָּלִיל. אֵין מוֹצִיאִין מֵעִיר לְעִיר וּמִכָּרַךְ לְכָרַךְ. אֲבָל בְּאוֹתָהּ הָאָרֶץ מוֹצִיאִין מֵעִיר לְעִיר וּמִכָּרַךְ לְכָרַךְ אֲבָל לֹא מֵעִיר לְכָרַךְ וְלֹא מִכָּרַךְ לְעִיר. מוֹצִיאִין מִנָּוֶה הָרַע לְנָוֶה הַיָּפֶה אֲבָל לֹא מִנָּוֶה הַיָּפֶה לְנָוֶה הָרַע. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר אַף לֹא מִנָּוֶה הָרַע לְנָוֶה הַיָּפֶה מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהַנָּוֶה הַיָּפֶה בוֹדֵק.

MISHNAH: There are three districts for marriage, Judea, Transjordan133Cf. Ševi‘it 9:2, Note 39. These districts are considered separate entities., and Galilee. One does not move134The husband who married without stipulating that he has the right to determine the place of residence at will cannot force his wife to move, except within her own district to another place of approximately the same size. from one village to another village and from one walled city135Cf. Berakhot 9:5, Note 216. to another walled city, except that in one district one moves from one village to another village and from one walled city to another walled city, but not from a village to a walled city or from a walled city to a village. One moves from a bad neighborhood to a better one but not from a better one to a worse one. Rabban Simeon ben Gamliel says, not even from a bad neighborhood to a better one, because the better neighborhood tests136A radical change of circumstances can cause medical problems..

MISHNAH: There are three districts for marriage, Judea, Transjordan133Cf. Ševi‘it 9:2, Note 39. These districts are considered separate entities., and Galilee. One does not move134The husband who married without stipulating that he has the right to determine the place of residence at will cannot force his wife to move, except within her own district to another place of approximately the same size. from one village to another village and from one walled city135Cf. Berakhot 9:5, Note 216. to another walled city, except that in one district one moves from one village to another village and from one walled city to another walled city, but not from a village to a walled city or from a walled city to a village. One moves from a bad neighborhood to a better one but not from a better one to a worse one. Rabban Simeon ben Gamliel says, not even from a bad neighborhood to a better one, because the better neighborhood tests136A radical change of circumstances can cause medical problems..

13:10:2

הלכה: שָׁלֹשׁ אֲרָצוֹת לַנִּישּׂוּאִין יְהוּדָה וְעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן וְהַגָּלִיל כול. מַתְנִיתָא בְּשֶׁהָיָה בִיהוּדָה וְנָשָׂא אִשָּׁה מִגָּלִיל. בַּגָּלִיל וְנָשָׂא אִשָּׁה מִיהוּדָה. אֲבָל אִם הָיָה מִיהוּדָה וְנָשָׂא אִשָּׁה מִיהוּדָה. מִגָּלִיל וְנָשָׂא אִשָּׁה מִגָּלִיל. כּוֹפִין אוֹתָהּ לָצֵאת. אֲנִי פְלוֹנִי שֶׁמִּיהוּדָה וְנָשָׂא אִשָּׁה מִיהוּדָה כּוֹפִין אוֹתָהּ לָצֵאת. מִגָּלִיל אֵין כּוֹפִין אוֹתָהּ לָצֵאת. אֲנִי פְלוֹנִי שֶׁמִּגָּלִיל וְנָשָׂא אִשָּׁה מִגָּלִיל כּוֹפִין אוֹתָהּ לָצֵאת. מִיהוּדָה אֵין כּוֹפִין אוֹתָהּ לָצֵאת. תַּנֵּי. מוֹצִיאִין מֵעִיר שֶׁרוּבָּהּ גּוֹיִם לְעִיר שֶׁכּוּלָּהּ יִשְׂרָאֵל. אֲבָל לֹא מֵעִיר שֶׁכּוּלָּהּ יִשְׂרָאֵל לְעִיר שֶׁרוּבָּהּ גּוֹיִם.

HALAKHAH: “There are three districts for marriage, Judea, Transjordan, and Galilee.,” etc. The Mishnah137The first sentence, which states that the husband cannot force his wife to move with him to a different district. refers to the case that he was from Judea and married a woman in Galilee138Without pre-nuptual agreement it is understood that the woman stays in the district where she married., or from Galilee and married a woman in Judea. But if he was from Judea and married in Judea139If the woman from Galilee came to Judea to be married, she cannot force her husband to live with her inGalilee but must live with him in Judea., or from Galilee and married in Galilee, one forces her to move. 140Tosephta 12:5. They used to write in the ketubah the place of origin of the groom and the place of the wedding, in order not to leave any doubt in which district the husband could dwell without his wife being able to object.”‘I, x, am from Judea and married a woman in Judea,’ one forces her to move, ‘in Galilee’ one does not force her to move. ‘I, X, am from Galilee and married a woman in Galilee,’ one forces her to move, ‘in Judea’ one does not force her to move. One moves from a mostly Gentile village to a totally Jewish village but not from a totally Jewish village to a mostly Gentile village.141In the Tosephta: “One moves from a mostly Gentile village to a mostly Jewish village but not from a mostly Jewish village to a mostly Gentile village.” In Babylonia there were no totally Jewish villages.”

HALAKHAH: “There are three districts for marriage, Judea, Transjordan, and Galilee.,” etc. The Mishnah137The first sentence, which states that the husband cannot force his wife to move with him to a different district. refers to the case that he was from Judea and married a woman in Galilee138Without pre-nuptual agreement it is understood that the woman stays in the district where she married., or from Galilee and married a woman in Judea. But if he was from Judea and married in Judea139If the woman from Galilee came to Judea to be married, she cannot force her husband to live with her inGalilee but must live with him in Judea., or from Galilee and married in Galilee, one forces her to move. 140Tosephta 12:5. They used to write in the ketubah the place of origin of the groom and the place of the wedding, in order not to leave any doubt in which district the husband could dwell without his wife being able to object.”‘I, x, am from Judea and married a woman in Judea,’ one forces her to move, ‘in Galilee’ one does not force her to move. ‘I, X, am from Galilee and married a woman in Galilee,’ one forces her to move, ‘in Judea’ one does not force her to move. One moves from a mostly Gentile village to a totally Jewish village but not from a totally Jewish village to a mostly Gentile village.141In the Tosephta: “One moves from a mostly Gentile village to a mostly Jewish village but not from a mostly Jewish village to a mostly Gentile village.” In Babylonia there were no totally Jewish villages.”

13:10:3

וּמְנַיִין שֶׁהַנָּוֶה הַיָּפֶה בוֹדֵק. רִבִּי לֵוִי בְשֵׁם רִבִּי חָמָא בְשֵׁם חֲנִינָה. פֶּן תַּדְבָּקַנִי הָרָעָה וָמַתִי. בַּמִשָׁרָה וְסָמַךְ לְהֶרָה וְאַתְּ אָמַר אָכֵין. אֶלָּא מִכָּאן שֶׁנָּוֶה הַיָּפֶה בוֹדֵק.

And from where that a better neighborhood tests142That more healthy surroundings can cause problems.? Rebbi Levi in the name of Rebbi Ḥama in the name of Ḥanina: “That disaster should not cling to me and I die.143Gen. 19:19, Lot speaking to the angels who had told him to move to the mountains to escape the destruction of Sodom. The climate in the Moabite mountains is much healthier that in the plain of the Dead Sea.
A slightly expanded version is in Gen. rabba 50(20) by R. Berekhia in the name of R. Levi. The Babli, 110b, quotes a verse of Sirach to the same effect.
” He was in the plain and was directed to the mountains, and you say so? But from here that a better neighborhood tests!

And from where that a better neighborhood tests142That more healthy surroundings can cause problems.? Rebbi Levi in the name of Rebbi Ḥama in the name of Ḥanina: “That disaster should not cling to me and I die.143Gen. 19:19, Lot speaking to the angels who had told him to move to the mountains to escape the destruction of Sodom. The climate in the Moabite mountains is much healthier that in the plain of the Dead Sea.
A slightly expanded version is in Gen. rabba 50(20) by R. Berekhia in the name of R. Levi. The Babli, 110b, quotes a verse of Sirach to the same effect.
” He was in the plain and was directed to the mountains, and you say so? But from here that a better neighborhood tests!

Texts

  • Hebrew: The Jerusalem Talmud, edition by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer. Berlin, De Gruyter, 1999-2015 · License: CC-BY
  • English: The Jerusalem Talmud, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer. Berlin, De Gruyter, 1999-2015 · License: CC-BY

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