Tanach
Yoel 4 יואל ד׳
Part of: Petuchah, Joel 3:1Petuchah, Joel 4:9Setumah, Joel 4:18
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
כִּי הִנֵּה בַּיָּמִים הָהֵמָּה וּבָעֵת הַהִיא אֲשֶׁר (אשוב) [אָשִׁיב] אֶת־שְׁבוּת יְהוּדָה וִירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃
For, behold, in those days, and in that time, when I shall bring back the captivity of Yehuda and Yerushalayim,
For, behold, in those days, and in that time, when I shall bring back the captivity of Yehuda and Yerushalayim,
וְקִבַּצְתִּי אֶת־כׇּל־הַגּוֹיִם וְהוֹרַדְתִּים אֶל־עֵמֶק יְהוֹשָׁפָט וְנִשְׁפַּטְתִּי עִמָּם שָׁם עַל־עַמִּי וְנַחֲלָתִי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר פִּזְּרוּ בַגּוֹיִם וְאֶת־אַרְצִי חִלֵּֽקוּ׃
I will also gather all nations, and will bring them down into the valley of Yehoshafat, and will enter into judgment with them there for my people and for my heritage Yisra᾽el, whom they have scattered among the nations, and have divided up my land.
I will also gather all nations, and will bring them down into the valley of Yehoshafat, and will enter into judgment with them there for my people and for my heritage Yisra᾽el, whom they have scattered among the nations, and have divided up my land.
Rashi
וְאֶל־עַמִּי יַדּוּ גוֹרָל וַֽיִּתְּנוּ הַיֶּלֶד בַּזּוֹנָה וְהַיַּלְדָּה מָכְרוּ בַיַּיִן וַיִּשְׁתּֽוּ׃
And they have cast lots for my people; and have given a boy for a harlot, and sold a girl for wine, that they might drink.
And they have cast lots for my people; and have given a boy for a harlot, and sold a girl for wine, that they might drink.
Rashi
יַדּוּ גוֹרָל. כְּמוֹ ״וַיַּדּוּ אֶבֶן בִּי״ (איכה ג:נג):
they cast lots Heb. יִדּוּ. Like (Lam. 3:53) “And they cast (וַיַּדּוּ) a stone upon me.”
וְגַם מָה־אַתֶּם לִי צֹר וְצִידוֹן וְכֹל גְּלִילוֹת פְּלָשֶׁת הַגְּמוּל אַתֶּם מְשַׁלְּמִים עָלָי וְאִם־גֹּמְלִים אַתֶּם עָלַי קַל מְהֵרָה אָשִׁיב גְּמֻֽלְכֶם בְּרֹאשְׁכֶֽם׃
Moreover, what are you to me, O Żor and Żidon, and all the provinces of Peleshet? will you render retribution on my behalf? and if you render retribution on my behalf, swiftly and speedily will I return your retribution upon your own head.
Moreover, what are you to me, O Żor and Żidon, and all the provinces of Peleshet? will you render retribution on my behalf? and if you render retribution on my behalf, swiftly and speedily will I return your retribution upon your own head.
Rashi
הַגְּמוּל אַתֶּם מְשַׁלְּמִים. זֶהוּ הַגְּמוּל שֶׁנָּתַן שְׁלֹמֹה לְחִירָם מֶלֶךְ צוֹר עֶשְׂרִים עִיר (מלכים א ט):
Are you paying Me recompense—Is this the recompense for what Solomon gave Hiram, the king of Tyre, twenty cities (I Kings 9:11)?
קַל מְהֵרָה. לְשׁוֹן ׳זְרִיזוּת׳:
swiftly Heb. קַל מְהֵרָה, an expression of eagerness.
אֲשֶׁר־כַּסְפִּי וּזְהָבִי לְקַחְתֶּם וּמַֽחֲמַדַּי הַטֹּבִים הֲבֵאתֶם לְהֵיכְלֵיכֶֽם׃
Because you have taken my silver and my gold, and have carried into your temples my goodly treasures:
Because you have taken my silver and my gold, and have carried into your temples my goodly treasures:
וּבְנֵי יְהוּדָה וּבְנֵי יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם מְכַרְתֶּם לִבְנֵי הַיְּוָנִים לְמַעַן הַרְחִיקָם מֵעַל גְּבוּלָֽם׃
the children also of Yehuda and the children of Yerushalayim have you sold to the children of the Yevanim that you might remove them far from their border.
the children also of Yehuda and the children of Yerushalayim have you sold to the children of the Yevanim that you might remove them far from their border.
הִנְנִי מְעִירָם מִן־הַמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר־מְכַרְתֶּם אֹתָם שָׁמָּה וַהֲשִׁבֹתִי גְמֻֽלְכֶם בְּרֹאשְׁכֶֽם׃
Behold, I will raise them out of the place to which you have sold them, and will return your retribution upon your own head:
Behold, I will raise them out of the place to which you have sold them, and will return your retribution upon your own head:
וּמָכַרְתִּי אֶת־בְּנֵיכֶם וְאֶת־בְּנֽוֹתֵיכֶם בְּיַד בְּנֵי יְהוּדָה וּמְכָרוּם לִשְׁבָאיִם אֶל־גּוֹי רָחוֹק כִּי יְהֹוָה דִּבֵּֽר׃ {פ}
and I will sell your sons and your daughters into the hand of the children of Yehuda, and they shall sell them to the Shevayim, to a people far off: for the Lord has spoken it.
and I will sell your sons and your daughters into the hand of the children of Yehuda, and they shall sell them to the Shevayim, to a people far off: for the Lord has spoken it.
Rashi
לִשְׁבָאיִם וְגוֹ׳. לִבְנֵי שְׁבָא:
to the Shebaites—To the children of Sheba.
כִּי ה׳ דִּבֵּר. וְהֵיכָן דִּבֵּר ״עֶבֶד עֲבָדִים יִהְיֶה לְאֶחָיו״ (בראשית ט:כה) כֵּן מְפֹרָשׁ בִּמְכִילְתִּין:
for the Lord has spoken—Now where did He speak? (Gen. 9:25) “A slave of slaves shall he be to his brothers.” So it is explained in Mechilta (Ex. 12:25).
קִרְאוּ־זֹאת בַּגּוֹיִם קַדְּשׁוּ מִלְחָמָה הָעִירוּ הַגִּבּוֹרִים יִגְּשׁוּ יַֽעֲלוּ כֹּל אַנְשֵׁי הַמִּלְחָמָֽה׃
Proclaim this among the nations; Prepare war, stir up the mighty men, let all the men of war draw near; let them come up:
Proclaim this among the nations; Prepare war, stir up the mighty men, let all the men of war draw near; let them come up:
Rashi
קַדְּשׁוּ מִלְחָמָה. אִם תּוּכְלוּן אַתֶּם לְהִלָּחֵם כְּנֶגְדִּי:
prepare war—if you can wage war against Me.
כֹּתּוּ אִתֵּיכֶם לַחֲרָבוֹת וּמַזְמְרֹֽתֵיכֶם לִרְמָחִים הַֽחַלָּשׁ יֹאמַר גִּבּוֹר אָֽנִי׃
beat your ploughshares into swords, and your pruning-hooks into spears: let the weak say, I am strong.
beat your ploughshares into swords, and your pruning-hooks into spears: let the weak say, I am strong.
Rashi
אִתֵּיכֶם. קלטר״ש בְּלַעַ״ז:
your plowshares Heb. אִתֵּיכֶם, koltres in O.F:, colters.
וּמַזְמְרוֹתֵיכֶם. שרפש״א בְּלַעַ״ז:
and your pruning hooks Heb. וּמַזְמְרוֹתֵיכֶם, serpes in French.
עוּשׁוּ וָבֹאוּ כׇֽל־הַגּוֹיִם מִסָּבִיב וְנִקְבָּצוּ שָׁמָּה הַֽנְחַת יְהֹוָה גִּבּוֹרֶֽיךָ׃
Hasten, and come, all you nations, and gather yourselves together round about: cause Thy mighty ones to come down there, O Lord.
Hasten, and come, all you nations, and gather yourselves together round about: cause Thy mighty ones to come down there, O Lord.
Rashi
עוּשׁוּ. כְּמוֹ ׳חוּשׁוּ׳ כָּךְ חִבְּרוֹ מְנַחֵם. וְיוֹנָתָן תִּרְגֵּם ״יִתְכַּנְּשׁוּן״, וְאוֹמֵר אֲנִי שֶׁהוּא לְשׁוֹן ׳עֶשֶׁת בַּרְזֶל׳ הַמְכֻנָּס יַחַד מש״א בְּלַעַ״ז וְאֵין תָּי״ו בּוֹ יְסוֹד:
Gather Heb. עוּשׁוּ. Like חוּשוּ, hasten, so did Menahem associate it. Jonathan, however, renders: they shall gather, and I say that it is an expression of a block of iron (עֶשֶת), which is gathered together, masse in French, and the “tav” is not a radical.
שָׁמָּה הִנְחַת ה׳ גִּבּוֹרֶיךָ. שָׁם בִּקְבוּצַת עֵמֶק יְהוֹשָׁפָט יִשְׁבּוֹר גְּבוּרַתְכֶם כֵּן תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן. וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ אִם לְשׁוֹן אֲרָמִי הוֹרָדָה אוֹ לְשׁוֹן חֲתַת וְהַנּוּ״ן בּוֹ נוֹפֵל כְּמוֹ (דניאל ב:כה) ״הַנְעֵל לְדָנִיֵּאל קֳדָם מַלְכָּא״, שֶׁאֵין בּוֹ אוֹת שֹׁרֶשׁ אֶלָּא עַל:
there the Lord shall break your mighty men Heb. הַנְחַת. There in the gathering of the Valley of Jehoshaphat, He will break your might. So did Jonathan render it, but I do not know whether it is an Aramaic expression of lowering (נחת) or an expression of breaking (חתת), and the “nun” is defective. Cf. (Dan. 2:25) “brought Daniel in (הנְעַל) before the king,” which has no radical but על.
יֵעוֹרוּ וְיַעֲלוּ הַגּוֹיִם אֶל־עֵמֶק יְהוֹשָׁפָט כִּי שָׁם אֵשֵׁב לִשְׁפֹּט אֶת־כׇּל־הַגּוֹיִם מִסָּבִֽיב׃
Let the nations be stirred up, and come up to the valley of Yehoshafat: for there will I sit to judge all the nations round about.
Let the nations be stirred up, and come up to the valley of Yehoshafat: for there will I sit to judge all the nations round about.
שִׁלְחוּ מַגָּל כִּי בָשַׁל קָצִיר בֹּאֽוּ רְדוּ כִּֽי־מָלְאָה גַּת הֵשִׁיקוּ הַיְקָבִים כִּי רַבָּה רָעָתָֽם׃
Put in the sickle, for the harvest is ripe: come, tread down; for the press is full, the vats overflow; for their wickedness is great.
Put in the sickle, for the harvest is ripe: come, tread down; for the press is full, the vats overflow; for their wickedness is great.
Rashi
שִׁלְחוּ מַגָּל וְגוֹ׳. שִׁלְחוּ חֲרָבוֹת אוֹתָם הַהוֹלְכִים בִּשְׁלִיחוּתִי לְחַבֵּל אֶת אוֹיְבֵי ה׳:
Stretch out a sickle etc.—Draw the swords, you who go on My mission to destroy the nations.
כִּי בָשַׁל קָצִיר. כְּלוֹמַר כִּי הִגִּיעַ עִתָּם וְדִמָּה הַדָּבָר לְקָצִיר שֶׁקּוֹצְרִים אוֹתוֹ בְּמַגָּלוֹת כְּשֶׁגָּמַר בִּשּׁוּלוֹ:
for the harvest is ripe—I.e, for their time has arrived, and he compared the matter to harvest, which is harvested with sickles when it becomes completely ripe.
בֹּאוּ רְדוּ כִּי מָלְאָה גַת. מִן הָעֲנָבִים בֹּאוּ וְדִרְכוּ אוֹתָם כְּלוֹמַר נִתְמַלָּא סְאַת עֲוֹנָם. רְדוּ לְשׁוֹן כְּבִישָׁה וְרִדּוּי כְּמוֹ ״וּרְדוּ בִדְגַת הַיָּם״ (בראשית א:כח):
come press for the winepress is full—of grapes. Come and tread them; i.e., the measure of their iniquity is full. press Heb. רְדוּ, an expression of pressing [or ruling]. Cf. (Gen. 1:28) “And rule (וּרְדוּ) over the fish of the sea.”
הֵשִׁיקוּ הַיְקָבִים. קוֹל קִלּוּחַ הַיְקָבִים הַיּוֹרֵד תּוֹךְ הַבּוֹר שֶׁלִּפְנֵי הַגִּתּוֹת נִשְׁמָע:
and the vats shall roar—The sound of the stream of the wine going down in the vats before the winepresses is heard.
הֲמוֹנִים הֲמוֹנִים בְּעֵמֶק הֶחָרוּץ כִּי קָרוֹב יוֹם יְהֹוָה בְּעֵמֶק הֶחָרֽוּץ׃
Multitudes, multitudes in the valley of decision: for the day of the Lord is near in the valley of decision.
Multitudes, multitudes in the valley of decision: for the day of the Lord is near in the valley of decision.
Rashi
בְּעֵמֶק הֶחָרוּץ. שֶׁשָּׁם חָרוּץ שֶׁהַמִּשְׁפָּט אֱמֶת וְכֵן תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן ״מֵישַׁר פִּלּוּג דִּינָא״:
in the valley of decision—For there it is decided that the judgment is true. And so did Jonathan render: the valley of judgment.
שֶׁמֶשׁ וְיָרֵחַ קָדָרוּ וְכוֹכָבִים אָסְפוּ נׇגְהָֽם׃
The sun and the moon are darkened, and the stars withdraw their shining.
The sun and the moon are darkened, and the stars withdraw their shining.
Rashi
אָסְפוּ נָגְהָם. הִכְנִיסוּ אוֹרָם:
have withdrawn their shining—Have taken in their shining.
וַיהֹוָה מִצִּיּוֹן יִשְׁאָג וּמִירוּשָׁלַ͏ִם יִתֵּן קוֹלוֹ וְרָעֲשׁוּ שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ וַֽיהֹוָה מַחֲסֶה לְעַמּוֹ וּמָעוֹז לִבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
And the Lord roars out of Żiyyon, and utters his voice from Yerushalayim; and the heavens and the earth shake: but the Lord will be a shelter for his people, and a stronghold for the children of Yisra᾽el.
And the Lord roars out of Żiyyon, and utters his voice from Yerushalayim; and the heavens and the earth shake: but the Lord will be a shelter for his people, and a stronghold for the children of Yisra᾽el.
Rashi
מִצִּיּוֹן יִשְׁאָג. מִמַּה שֶּׁעָשׂוּ לְצִיּוֹן:
shall roar from Zion—Because of what they did to Zion.
וְרָעֲשׁוּ שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ. יִפָּרַע מִשָּׂרִים שֶׁל מַעְלָה (שָׂרֵי הַכַּשְׂדִּים) וְאַחַר כָּךְ מִן (הַכַּשְׂדִּים):
and the heavens and earth shall quake—He will deal retribution upon the heavenly princes and then upon the nations.
מַחֲסֶה. לְשׁוֹן ׳כִּסּוּי׳, וּבְלַעַ״ז אבריאיי״ל:
a shelter Heb. מַחֲסֶה, an expression of a cover, abrier in O.F., abri in modern French, a shelter.
וִידַעְתֶּם כִּי אֲנִי יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם שֹׁכֵן בְּצִיּוֹן הַר־קׇדְשִׁי וְהָיְתָה יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם קֹדֶשׁ וְזָרִים לֹא־יַֽעַבְרוּ־בָהּ עֽוֹד׃ {ס}
So shall you know that I am the Lord your God dwelling in Żiyyon, my holy mountain: then shall Yerushalayim be holy, and no strangers shall pass through her any more.
So shall you know that I am the Lord your God dwelling in Żiyyon, my holy mountain: then shall Yerushalayim be holy, and no strangers shall pass through her any more.
וְהָיָה בַיּוֹם הַהוּא יִטְּפוּ הֶהָרִים עָסִיס וְהַגְּבָעוֹת תֵּלַכְנָה חָלָב וְכׇל־אֲפִיקֵי יְהוּדָה יֵלְכוּ מָיִם וּמַעְיָן מִבֵּית יְהֹוָה יֵצֵא וְהִשְׁקָה אֶת־נַחַל הַשִּׁטִּֽים׃
And it shall come to pass on that day, that the mountains shall drop down sweet wine, and the hills shall flow with milk, and all the water courses of Yehuda shall flow with water, and a fountain shall issue from the house of the Lord, and shall water the valley of Shittim.
And it shall come to pass on that day, that the mountains shall drop down sweet wine, and the hills shall flow with milk, and all the water courses of Yehuda shall flow with water, and a fountain shall issue from the house of the Lord, and shall water the valley of Shittim.
Rashi
אֲפִיקֵי. מְקוֹם מוֹצָא מַיִם:
springs Heb. אֲפִיקֵי, a place of the source of water.
וְהִשְׁקָה אֶת נַחַל הַשִּׁטִּים. כְּמַשְׁמָעוֹ ״וּמַשְׁקֵי יָת מֵישַׁר שִׁטִּים״. וּמִדְרָשׁוֹ יְכַפֵּר עַל עֲוֹן פְּעוֹר (עיין זכריה יד):
and water the valley of Shittim—According to its apparent meaning, and it will water the valley of Shittim (Targum), and, according to its Midrashic meaning, He will atone for the iniquity of Peor.
מִצְרַיִם לִשְׁמָמָה תִֽהְיֶה וֶאֱדוֹם לְמִדְבַּר שְׁמָמָה תִּֽהְיֶה מֵֽחֲמַס בְּנֵי יְהוּדָה אֲשֶׁר־שָׁפְכוּ דָם־נָקִיא בְּאַרְצָֽם׃
Miżrayim shall be a desolation, and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness, for the violence done to the children of Yehuda, because they have shed innocent blood in their land.
Miżrayim shall be a desolation, and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness, for the violence done to the children of Yehuda, because they have shed innocent blood in their land.
Rashi
מִצְרַיִם וְגוֹ׳. סְמָכָן זֶה לָזֶה לְפֻרְעָנִיּוֹת אַתָּה מוֹצֵא שֶׁאִלּוּלֵי מִצְרַיִם לֹא הָיְתָה אֱדוֹם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (מלכים א יא:טז) ״כִּי שֵׁשֶׁת חֳדָשִׁים יָשַׁב יוֹאָב עַד הַכְרִית כָּל זָכָר בֶּאֱדוֹם״ וּכְתִיב (שם יז-כא) ״וַיִּבְרַח אֲדַד הוּא וַאֲנָשִׁים אֲדוֹמִיִּים וַיִּמְצָא הֲדַד חֵן בְּעֵינֵי פַרְעֹה וְגוֹמֵר וַהֲדַד שָׁמַע כִּי שָׁכַב דָּוִד עִם אֲבוֹתָיו וְגוֹמֵר״ וּבָאַחֲרוֹנָה ״וַיְהִי לְשָׂטָן לִשְׁלֹמֹה״ אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אֲנִי אֲכַלֶּה זוֹ וָזוֹ:
Egypt etc. and Edom—He juxtaposed them as regards their retribution. You find that, were it not for Egypt, Edom would not exist, as it is stated: (I Kings 11:16 21) “For Joab and all Israel remained [stationed] there for six months etc. every male in Edom.” And it is stated there: (verse 17) “Adad fled, he and some Edomite men etc. And Hadad pleased Pharaoh very much etc. And Hadad etc. that David slept with his fathers etc.” And, at the end, (verse 25) “And he was an adversary to Solomon (sic).” Said the Holy One, blessed be He: I will destroy both of them.
מֵחֲמַס בְּנֵי יְהוּדָה. בִּשְׁבִיל חָמָס שֶׁעָשׂוּ עוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת לִבְנֵי יְהוּדָה אֲשֶׁר שָׁפְכוּ אֶת דָּמָם:
because of the violence done to the children of Judah—Because of the violence they did to the children of Judah, viz., that they shed their blood.
וִיהוּדָה לְעוֹלָם תֵּשֵׁב וִירוּשָׁלַ͏ִם לְדוֹר וָדֽוֹר׃
But Yehuda shall remain for ever, and Yerushalayim from generation to generation.
But Yehuda shall remain for ever, and Yerushalayim from generation to generation.
וְנִקֵּיתִי דָּמָם לֹֽא־נִקֵּיתִי וַיהֹוָה שֹׁכֵן בְּצִיּֽוֹן׃
And though I have acquitted them, those who shed their blood I have not acquitted; and the Lord will dwell in Żiyyon.
And though I have acquitted them, those who shed their blood I have not acquitted; and the Lord will dwell in Żiyyon.
Rashi
וְנִקֵּיתִי דָּמָם לֹא נִקֵּיתִי. וְאַף אִם אֲנַקֶּה אוֹתָם מִשְּׁאָר עֲבֵירוֹת שֶׁבְּיָדָם וּמֵרָעוֹת שֶׁעָשׂוּ לִי, דָּמָם שֶׁל בְּנֵי יְהוּדָה לֹא אֲנַקֶּה מֵהֶם. אֵימָתַי תִּהְיֶה זֹאת, בִּזְמַן שֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא שׁוֹכֵן בְּצִיּוֹן:
Now should I cleanse, their blood I will not cleanse—Even if I cleanse them of other sins in their hands, and of the evils they have done to Me, I will not cleanse them of the blood of the children of Judah. When will this come to pass? At the time the Holy One, blessed be He, dwells in Zion.
אֶל עֵמֶק יְהוֹשָׁפָט. אֵרֵד עִמָּם בְּעֹמֶק הַדִּין, יְהוֹשָׁפָט מִשְׁפָּטִי יָהּ:
to the Valley of Jehoshaphat—I will descend with them to the depth of justice. Jehoshaphat—The judgments of the Lord.