Tanach
Yonah 4 יונה ד׳
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וַיֵּרַע אֶל־יוֹנָה רָעָה גְדוֹלָה וַיִּחַר לֽוֹ׃
But it displeased Yona exceedingly, and he was vexed.
But it displeased Yona exceedingly, and he was vexed.
Rashi
וַיִּתְפַּלֵּל אֶל־יְהֹוָה וַיֹּאמַר אָנָּה יְהֹוָה הֲלוֹא־זֶה דְבָרִי עַד־הֱיוֹתִי עַל־אַדְמָתִי עַל־כֵּן קִדַּמְתִּי לִבְרֹחַ תַּרְשִׁישָׁה כִּי יָדַעְתִּי כִּי אַתָּה אֵֽל־חַנּוּן וְרַחוּם אֶרֶךְ אַפַּיִם וְרַב־חֶסֶד וְנִחָם עַל־הָרָעָֽה׃
And he prayed to the Lord, and said, I pray thee, O Lord, was not this my saying, when I was still in my own country? Therefore I fled beforehand to Tarshish: for I knew that thou art a gracious God, and merciful, slow to anger, and great in love, and repentest of the evil.
And he prayed to the Lord, and said, I pray thee, O Lord, was not this my saying, when I was still in my own country? Therefore I fled beforehand to Tarshish: for I knew that thou art a gracious God, and merciful, slow to anger, and great in love, and repentest of the evil.
Rashi
הלא זה דברי. יודע אני שאם יחזרו בתשובה לא תחריב' ואהיה שקרן בעיניהם:
was this not my contention—I know that, if they repent, You will not destroy them, and I will appear to them as a liar.
וְעַתָּה יְהֹוָה קַח־נָא אֶת־נַפְשִׁי מִמֶּנִּי כִּי טוֹב מוֹתִי מֵחַיָּֽי׃ {פ}
Therefore now, O Lord, take my life from me, I pray thee; for it is better for me to die than to live.
Therefore now, O Lord, take my life from me, I pray thee; for it is better for me to die than to live.
וַיֹּאמֶר יְהֹוָה הַהֵיטֵב חָרָה לָֽךְ׃
Then the Lord said, Art thou so greatly vexed?
Then the Lord said, Art thou so greatly vexed?
וַיֵּצֵא יוֹנָה מִן־הָעִיר וַיֵּשֶׁב מִקֶּדֶם לָעִיר וַיַּעַשׂ לוֹ שָׁם סֻכָּה וַיֵּשֶׁב תַּחְתֶּיהָ בַּצֵּל עַד אֲשֶׁר יִרְאֶה מַה־יִּהְיֶה בָּעִֽיר׃
So Yona went out of the city, and sat on the east side of the city, and there he made himself a shelter and sat under it in the shade, till he might see what would come to pass in the city.
So Yona went out of the city, and sat on the east side of the city, and there he made himself a shelter and sat under it in the shade, till he might see what would come to pass in the city.
וַיְמַן יְהֹוָֽה־אֱלֹהִים קִיקָיוֹן וַיַּעַל ׀ מֵעַל לְיוֹנָה לִֽהְיוֹת צֵל עַל־רֹאשׁוֹ לְהַצִּיל לוֹ מֵרָֽעָתוֹ וַיִּשְׂמַח יוֹנָה עַל־הַקִּֽיקָיוֹן שִׂמְחָה גְדוֹלָֽה׃
And the Lord God appointed a castor oil plant, and made it to come up over Yona, that it might be a shade over his head, to deliver him from his distress. And Yona was exceeding glad of the plant.
And the Lord God appointed a castor oil plant, and made it to come up over Yona, that it might be a shade over his head, to deliver him from his distress. And Yona was exceeding glad of the plant.
Rashi
וימן. לשון הזמנה:
appointed Heb. וַיְמַן, an expression of preparation. [from Jonathan]
להציל לו מרעתו. מחום השמש:
to save him from his discomfort—From the heat of the sun.
קיקיון. עשב הגדל למעלה בענפים רבים ומיצל וכך שמו:
kikayon—A plant that grows high with many branches and it affords shade and that is its name.
וַיְמַן הָֽאֱלֹהִים תּוֹלַעַת בַּעֲלוֹת הַשַּׁחַר לַֽמׇּחֳרָת וַתַּךְ אֶת־הַקִּֽיקָיוֹן וַיִּיבָֽשׁ׃
But God appointed a worm when the dawn came up the next day, and it attacked the plant, so that it withered.
But God appointed a worm when the dawn came up the next day, and it attacked the plant, so that it withered.
Rashi
ותך. התולעת את הקיקיון במקום שיאמר לזכר ויך יאמר לשון נקבה ותך:
attacked Heb. וַתַּךְ. The worm attacked the kikayon. Where one would say for masculine וַיַךְ, he struck, he says for feminine וַתַּךְ, she struck.
וַיְהִי ׀ כִּזְרֹחַ הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ וַיְמַן אֱלֹהִים רוּחַ קָדִים חֲרִישִׁית וַתַּךְ הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ עַל־רֹאשׁ יוֹנָה וַיִּתְעַלָּף וַיִּשְׁאַל אֶת־נַפְשׁוֹ לָמוּת וַיֹּאמֶר טוֹב מוֹתִי מֵחַיָּֽי׃
And it came to pass, when the sun arose, that God prepared a vehement east wind; and the sun beat down upon the head of Yona, so that he fainted; so he asked that he might die, and he said, It is better for me to die than to live.
And it came to pass, when the sun arose, that God prepared a vehement east wind; and the sun beat down upon the head of Yona, so that he fainted; so he asked that he might die, and he said, It is better for me to die than to live.
Rashi
חרישית. אמרו רבותינו בשעה שמנשבת משתקת כל הרוחות מפניה והיא חמה מאד וכן ת"י שתיקא:
stilling Heb. חֲרִישִׁית. Our Sages say: When it blows, it silences all the winds because of it, and it is very hot. So does Jonathan render: silencing. [from Gittin 31b]
ויתעלף. פשמיי"ר בלע"ז:
and he fainted Heb. וַיִּתְעַלָּף, pasmer (pamer), in O.F.
וַיֹּאמֶר אֱלֹהִים אֶל־יוֹנָה הַהֵיטֵב חָרָֽה־לְךָ עַל־הַקִּֽיקָיוֹן וַיֹּאמֶר הֵיטֵב חָֽרָה־לִי עַד־מָֽוֶת׃
And God said to Yona, Art thou so greatly vexed on account of the plant? And he said, I am greatly vexed to death.
And God said to Yona, Art thou so greatly vexed on account of the plant? And he said, I am greatly vexed to death.
וַיֹּאמֶר יְהֹוָה אַתָּה חַסְתָּ עַל־הַקִּיקָיוֹן אֲשֶׁר לֹא־עָמַלְתָּ בּוֹ וְלֹא גִדַּלְתּוֹ שֶׁבִּן־לַיְלָה הָיָה וּבִן־לַיְלָה אָבָֽד׃
Then the Lord said, Thou art concerned about the castor oil plant, for which thou hast not laboured, and which thou didst not rear, which came up in a night, and perished in a night:
Then the Lord said, Thou art concerned about the castor oil plant, for which thou hast not laboured, and which thou didst not rear, which came up in a night, and perished in a night:
Rashi
לא עמלת בו. בחרישה וזריעה והשקאת מים:
for which you did not toil—with plowing, sowing, or watering.
שבן לילה. כמו בן לילה לא גדל אלא לילה אחד:
one night Heb. בִּן-לַיְלָה, lit., one night old, like בֶּן לַיְלָה. It grew only one night.
וַֽאֲנִי לֹא אָחוּס עַל־נִינְוֵה הָעִיר הַגְּדוֹלָה אֲשֶׁר יֶשׁ־בָּהּ הַרְבֵּה מִֽשְׁתֵּים־עֶשְׂרֵה רִבּוֹ אָדָם אֲשֶׁר לֹֽא־יָדַע בֵּין־יְמִינוֹ לִשְׂמֹאלוֹ וּבְהֵמָה רַבָּֽה׃
and should I not be concerned for Nineve, that great city, in which are more than one hundred and twenty thousand persons that cannot discern between their right hand and their left hand; and also much cattle?
and should I not be concerned for Nineve, that great city, in which are more than one hundred and twenty thousand persons that cannot discern between their right hand and their left hand; and also much cattle?
Rashi
אשר לא ידע וגו'. קטנים:
who do not know etc.—I.e, children.
ובהמה רבה. בני אדם גדולים ודעתן כבהמה שאינם מכירים מי בראם:
and many beasts as well—Adult, who have the intelligence of beasts, who do not recognize who created them.
וירע אל יונה. אמר עכשיו יאמרו העכו"ם שאני נבי' השקר:
Now it displeased Jonah—He said, “Now the nations will say that I am a false prophet.” [from Pirké d’Rabbi Eliezer ch. 10]