Tanach
Zecharyah 9:9-10:2 זכריה ט׳:ט׳-י׳:ב׳
Part of: Chapter 9Chapter 10
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
גִּילִי מְאֹד בַּת־צִיּוֹן הָרִיעִי בַּת יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם הִנֵּה מַלְכֵּךְ יָבוֹא לָךְ צַדִּיק וְנוֹשָׁע הוּא עָנִי וְרֹכֵב עַל־חֲמוֹר וְעַל־עַיִר בֶּן־אֲתֹנֽוֹת׃
Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Żiyyon; shout, O daughter of Yerushalayim: behold, thy king comes to thee: he is just, and victorious; humble, and riding upon an ass, and upon a colt, the foal of an ass.
Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Żiyyon; shout, O daughter of Yerushalayim: behold, thy king comes to thee: he is just, and victorious; humble, and riding upon an ass, and upon a colt, the foal of an ass.
Rashi
צדיק ונושע. בה':
just and victorious saved by the Lord.
עני. ענותן:
ורוכב על חמור. מדת ענוה היא:
and riding a donkey This is a symbol of humility.
ועל עיר. כמו ועירים עשרה (ראשית לב):
and a foal of she-donkeys as in (Gen. 32:16) “and ten foals.”
וְהִכְרַתִּי־רֶכֶב מֵאֶפְרַיִם וְסוּס מִירוּשָׁלַ͏ִם וְנִכְרְתָה קֶשֶׁת מִלְחָמָה וְדִבֶּר שָׁלוֹם לַגּוֹיִם וּמׇשְׁלוֹ מִיָּם עַד־יָם וּמִנָּהָר עַד־אַפְסֵי־אָֽרֶץ׃
And I will cut off the chariot from Efrayim, and the horse from Yerushalayim, and the battle bow shall be cut off: and he shall speak peace to the nations: and his dominion shall be from sea to sea, and from the river to the ends of the earth.
And I will cut off the chariot from Efrayim, and the horse from Yerushalayim, and the battle bow shall be cut off: and he shall speak peace to the nations: and his dominion shall be from sea to sea, and from the river to the ends of the earth.
Rashi
והכרתי רכב. שלא יהיו צריכין לה:
And I will cut off the chariots for they will not need them.
ומשלו. וממשל שלו:
and his rule וּמָשְׁלוֹ
מים ועד ים. מימא ועד מערבא לסוף העולם:
from the sea to the west From its sea to the west, to the end of the world.
ומנהר. פרת:
and from the river The Euphrates.
גַּם־אַתְּ בְּדַם־בְּרִיתֵךְ שִׁלַּחְתִּי אֲסִירַיִךְ מִבּוֹר אֵין מַיִם בּֽוֹ׃
As for thee also, because of the blood of thy covenant I have sent forth thy prisoners out of the pit in which there was no water.
As for thee also, because of the blood of thy covenant I have sent forth thy prisoners out of the pit in which there was no water.
Rashi
גם את. תוושעי עמו כמו שהוא צדיק ונושע כי בדם בריתך הרי נבאתי לכם לעתיד וגם עתה מגלות בבל שאתם עכשיו בתוכה:
You, too shall be saved with him, as he is just and victorious. For with the blood of your covenant, I prophesied for you for the future; and for now, too, from the Babylonian exile in which you are now found.
בדם בריתיך. בזכות דם הברית שנזרק עליכם בסיני הנה דם הברית אשר כרת:
with the blood of your covenant With the merit of the blood of the covenant that was sprinkled upon you at Sinai, as it is written (Exod. 24:8): “Behold the blood of the covenant that the Lord has made.”
שלחתי אסיריך. מן הגלות:
I have freed your prisoners from the exile.
שׁוּבוּ לְבִצָּרוֹן אֲסִירֵי הַתִּקְוָה גַּם־הַיּוֹם מַגִּיד מִשְׁנֶה אָשִׁיב לָֽךְ׃
Return to the stronghold you prisoners of hope: even to day will I restore to thee a double promise.
Return to the stronghold you prisoners of hope: even to day will I restore to thee a double promise.
Rashi
שובו לבצרון. לכחכם ולכבודכם אע"פ שאתם עתה ברשות מלכי פרס אתם אסירי התקוה. אשר קויתם לי עד הנה למלאות דברי לקץ ע' שנה:
Return to the stronghold To your strength and to your glory, even though you are now under the rule of the kings of Persia. you prisoners of hope who hoped for Me until now that My words [would] be fulfilled at the end of seventy years.
גם היום מגיד משנה אשיב לך. עוד היום אני מגיד לך בשורה שנייה לבד זו של בנין ומה היא הגדה השנייה שאני שב לשנות לכם:
Also today, I will restore to you a double promise Today I will yet tell you second tidings, besides those of the building. And what is the second narrative that I am returning to repeat to you?
כִּֽי־דָרַכְתִּי לִי יְהוּדָה קֶשֶׁת מִלֵּאתִי אֶפְרַיִם וְעוֹרַרְתִּי בָנַיִךְ צִיּוֹן עַל־בָּנַיִךְ יָוָן וְשַׂמְתִּיךְ כְּחֶרֶב גִּבּֽוֹר׃
For I have bent Yehuda for me, I have filled the bow with Efrayim, and raised up my sons, O Żiyyon, against thy sons, O Yavan, and made thee as the sword of a mighty man.
For I have bent Yehuda for me, I have filled the bow with Efrayim, and raised up my sons, O Żiyyon, against thy sons, O Yavan, and made thee as the sword of a mighty man.
Rashi
כי דרכתי לי יהודה. סוף שאנטיוכס יטול המלוכה מיד מלכי פרס וירעו לכם ואני אדרוך יהודה להיות לי כקשת מלחמה וילחמו באנטיוכ' בימי חשמונאים:
For I bend Judah for Me Eventually, the Greeks will wrest the kingdom from the Persian kings and inflict harm upon you, and I will bend Judah to be a war bow for me; and Judah will wage war against the Greeks in the days of the Hasmoneans.
קשת מלאתי אפרים. מקרא קצר הוא כמו קשת מלאתי יד אפרים כמו (מ"ב ט) ויהוא מלא ידו בקשת אפרים יהיה לי כאשפה מלאה חצים:
a bow; I filled [the hand of] Ephraim This is an elliptical verse: Like a bow, I filled the hand of Ephraim; as (II Kings 9:24), “And Jehu put all his strength into his bow.” Ephraim shall be as a quiver full of arrows to Me.
ועוררתי בניך ציון. על חיל אנטיוכס:
and I will arouse your children, O Zion The children of Zion on the children of Javan.
וַֽיהֹוָה עֲלֵיהֶם יֵֽרָאֶה וְיָצָא כַבָּרָק חִצּוֹ וַֽאדֹנָי יֱהֹוִה בַּשּׁוֹפָר יִתְקָע וְהָלַךְ בְּסַעֲרוֹת תֵּימָֽן׃
And the Lord shall be seen over them, and his arrow shall go forth like the lightning: and the Lord God shall blow the shofar, and shall move in the stormwinds of the south.
And the Lord shall be seen over them, and his arrow shall go forth like the lightning: and the Lord God shall blow the shofar, and shall move in the stormwinds of the south.
Rashi
וה' עליהם יראה. בספר יוסיפון מצינו בעת ההיא נראה מופת לאנשי ירושל':
And the Lord shall appear over them In the book of Josippon (chap. 18), we find that at that time a sign appeared to the people of Jerusalem.
בשופ' יתקע. ירעם:
shall sound the shofar He shall thunder.
בסערות תימן. לסער את אנשי תימן הם חיל אנטיוכס ויש מרבותי' שפתרוהו על אדום לע"ל:
and He shall go with the whirlwinds of the south To storm the people of the south; they are the Greeks. And some of our Sages interpreted [the phrase] as referring to Edom in the future.
יְהֹוָה צְבָאוֹת יָגֵן עֲלֵיהֶם וְאָכְלוּ וְכָֽבְשׁוּ אַבְנֵי־קֶלַע וְשָׁתוּ הָמוּ כְּמוֹ־יָיִן וּמָֽלְאוּ כַּמִּזְרָק כְּזָוִיּוֹת מִזְבֵּֽחַ׃
The Lord of hosts shall defend them; and they shall devour, and subdue with sling stones; and they shall drink, and be boisterous as through wine; and they shall be filled like bowls, and like the corners of the altar.
The Lord of hosts shall defend them; and they shall devour, and subdue with sling stones; and they shall drink, and be boisterous as through wine; and they shall be filled like bowls, and like the corners of the altar.
Rashi
ואכלו. שלל אויביהם:
and they shall devour the spoils of their enemies.
וכבשו. תחתיה' אבני קלע, הם היונים שהם מלומדי קשת ולקלע באבן:
and they shall tread under them sling-stones They are the Greeks, who are trained to use the bow and to sling stones.
והמו כמו יין. המיון בקול ששון ושמחה כמו שהומים שתויי יין:
They shall make a noise like [those who drink] wine They shall make noise with a voice of joy and happiness, as those who have drunk much wine make noise.
ומלאו. נפשותם כל טוב:
and they shall become full Their souls shall become full of all good.
כמזרק. שמלא דם לפני המזבח:
like the basin that is full of blood. before the altar.
כזויות מזבח. שמנסכין שם יין והיין צף עליו כמו ששנינו במסכת סוכה לשון שביעה ל' שכרות:
like the corners of the altar where wine is libated. The wine would flow upon it, as we learned in tractate Sukkah (49b). This is an expression of satiety, an expression of drunkenness.
וְֽהוֹשִׁיעָם יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵיהֶם בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא כְּצֹאן עַמּוֹ כִּי אַבְנֵי־נֵזֶר מִֽתְנוֹסְסוֹת עַל־אַדְמָתֽוֹ׃
And the Lord their God shall save them on that day as the flock of his people; for they shall be like the stones of a crown gloaming over his land.
And the Lord their God shall save them on that day as the flock of his people; for they shall be like the stones of a crown gloaming over his land.
Rashi
כצאן עמו. כצאן שהסיע ממצרים להיות לו לעם:
like the flocks of His people Like the flocks that He caused to travel from Egypt to become His people.
כי אבני נזר. כי הכהנים בני חשמונאים המתפארים באבני נזר בטורי חושן ואפוד יהיו מתנוססים בניסים על אדמתן:
for crown stones are exalted on His land For the priests, the sons of the Hasmoneans, who boast of the crown stones in the rows of the breast-plate and the ephod, will be exalted with miracles on their land.
כִּי מַה־טּוּבוֹ וּמַה־יׇּפְיוֹ דָּגָן בַּחוּרִים וְתִירוֹשׁ יְנוֹבֵב בְּתֻלֽוֹת׃
For how goodly they are, and how beautiful! corn shall make young men flourish; and new wine, the virgins.
For how goodly they are, and how beautiful! corn shall make young men flourish; and new wine, the virgins.
Rashi
כי מה. רב טובו. הצפון של אותו הדור:
For how How great is the goodness laid out for that generation.
דגן בחורים. הנותן כח לבחורים:
Corn... young men Which gives strength to young men.
ותירוש. אשר ינובב בתולות בניב שיר ושמחה ויש פותרין אשר ינובב ויצמח בקרקע בתולה והוא יין משובח:
and new wine Which causes maids to speak in song and joy. Others interpret יְנוֹבֵב [as that] which will be fruitful and grow in virgin soil, which is superior wine.
שַׁאֲלוּ מֵיְהֹוָה מָטָר בְּעֵת מַלְקוֹשׁ יְהֹוָה עֹשֶׂה חֲזִיזִים וּמְטַר־גֶּשֶׁם יִתֵּן לָהֶם לְאִישׁ עֵשֶׂב בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃
Ask rain of the Lord in the time of the latter rain, of the Lord who makes lightnings; and he will give them showers of rain, to everyone grass in the field.
Ask rain of the Lord in the time of the latter rain, of the Lord who makes lightnings; and he will give them showers of rain, to everyone grass in the field.
Rashi
שאלו מה' מטר. אם תצטרכו:
Request rain from the Lord if you need it.
חזיזים. עננים מביאים מטר:
rain-clouds Clouds that bring rain
לאיש עשב בשדה. בשביל איש אחד ובשביל עשב אחד הצריך למטר:
for each person, grass in the field For one man and for one grass that requires rain.
כִּי הַתְּרָפִים דִּבְּרוּ־אָוֶן וְהַקּֽוֹסְמִים חָזוּ שֶׁקֶר וַֽחֲלֹמוֹת הַשָּׁוְא יְדַבֵּרוּ הֶבֶל יְנַחֵמוּן עַל־כֵּן נָסְעוּ כְמוֹ־צֹאן יַעֲנוּ כִּי־אֵין רֹעֶֽה׃ {פ}
For the terafim have spoken vanity, and the diviners have seen a lie, and the dreams tell falsehood; they comfort in vain: therefore they went their way as a flock, they were afflicted, because there was no shepherd.
For the terafim have spoken vanity, and the diviners have seen a lie, and the dreams tell falsehood; they comfort in vain: therefore they went their way as a flock, they were afflicted, because there was no shepherd.
Rashi
כי התרפים. והקוסמים חזו שקר והחלומות אשר הטעו את אבותיכם לאמר חלמתי והיו מחזיקי' ידיהם למרוד בהקב"ה דברו און והבל דברו לאמר שלום ואין שלום:
For the teraphim, etc., and the soothsayers envisioned lies, and dreamers who misled your forefathers, saying, “I dreamt.” They would encourage [your forefathers] to rebel against the Holy One, blessed be He. They spoke futility, and they spoke vanity, saying “peace” - but there was no peace.
על כן נסעו. אבל אני נביא להם באמת:
Therefore, they traveled. I, however, am a true prophet for them.
יענו. יתכנעו כמו לענות מפני ל' עוני:
they were humbled “to humble yourself before Me.” An expression of humility.
הנה מלכך יבוא לך. אי אפשר לפותרו אלא על מלך המשיח שנאמר בו ומשלו מים ועד ים ולא מצינו מושל לישראל כזה בימי בית שני:
Behold! Your king shall come to you It is impossible to interpret this except as referring to the King Messiah, as it is stated: “and his rule shall be from sea to sea.” We do not find that Israel had such a ruler during the days of the Second Temple.