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1:1

דִּבְרֵי עָמוֹס אֲשֶׁר־הָיָה בַנֹּקְדִים מִתְּקוֹעַ אֲשֶׁר חָזָה עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל בִּימֵי ׀ עֻזִּיָּה מֶלֶךְ־יְהוּדָה וּבִימֵי יָרׇבְעָם בֶּן־יוֹאָשׁ מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל שְׁנָתַיִם לִפְנֵי הָרָֽעַשׁ׃

The words of ῾Amos, who was among the herdmen of Teqoa which he saw concerning Yisra᾽el in the day of ῾Uzziyya king of Yehuda, and in the days of Yorov῾am the son of Yo᾽ash king of Yisra᾽el, two years before the earthquake.

The words of ῾Amos, who was among the herdmen of Teqoa which he saw concerning Yisra᾽el in the day of ῾Uzziyya king of Yehuda, and in the days of Yorov῾am the son of Yo᾽ash king of Yisra᾽el, two years before the earthquake.

Rashi

אשר היה בנוקדים. תרגום יונתן דהוה מרי גיתין כמו ומישע מלך מואב היה נוקד (מלכים ב ג׳:ד׳):

who was among the herdsmen Heb. בַנֹּקְדִים. Jonathan renders: who was an owner of livestock. Cf. (II Kings 3:4) “Now Mesha the king of Moab was an owner of livestock (נֹקֵד).”

שנתים לפני הרעש. שנתים קודם שנתנגע עוזיה יום שנתנבא ישעיה שנא' וינועו אמות הסיפים (ישעיהו ו׳:ד׳) ואומר כאשר נסתם מפני הרעש וגו' (זכריה י״ד:ה׳):

two years before the earthquake—Two years before Uzziah was plagued, the day Isaiah prophesied, as it is stated: (Isaiah 6: 4) “And the doorposts quaked,” and it is stated: (Zechariah 14:5) “As you fled before the earthquake.”

1:2

וַיֹּאמַר ׀ יְהֹוָה מִצִּיּוֹן יִשְׁאָג וּמִירוּשָׁלַ͏ִם יִתֵּן קוֹלוֹ וְאָֽבְלוּ נְאוֹת הָרֹעִים וְיָבֵשׁ רֹאשׁ הַכַּרְמֶֽל׃ {פ}

And he said, The Lord will roar from Żiyyon, and utter his voice from Yerushalayim; and the pastures of the shepherds shall mourn, and the top of Karmel shall wither.

And he said, The Lord will roar from Żiyyon, and utter his voice from Yerushalayim; and the pastures of the shepherds shall mourn, and the top of Karmel shall wither.

Rashi

מציון ישאג. מבית קדשי הקדשים הדיבור יוצא:

shall roar from Zion—From the Holy of Holies the speech emanates.

ואבלו נאות הרועים. ויצדון מדורי מלכיא ויחרוב תקיף כרכיהון:

and the dwellings of the shepherds shall be cut off—Jonathan renders: And the dwellings of the kings shall become desolate, and the strength of their walled cities shall be destroyed.

1:3

כֹּה אָמַר יְהֹוָה עַל־שְׁלֹשָׁה פִּשְׁעֵי דַמֶּשֶׂק וְעַל־אַרְבָּעָה לֹא אֲשִׁיבֶנּוּ עַל־דּוּשָׁם בַּחֲרֻצוֹת הַבַּרְזֶל אֶת־הַגִּלְעָֽד׃

Thus says the Lord; For three transgressions of Dammeseq, I will turn away its punishment, but for the fourth I will not turn away its punishment; because they have threshed Gil῾ad with threshing instruments of iron:

Thus says the Lord; For three transgressions of Dammeseq, I will turn away its punishment, but for the fourth I will not turn away its punishment; because they have threshed Gil῾ad with threshing instruments of iron:

Rashi

על שלשה פשעי וגו'. דכתיב הן כל אלה יפעל אל פעמים שלש עם גבר (איוב ל״ג:כ״ט) ואם יותר יותר וכאן כך הוא כבר נהגתי עמהם כמדותי לוותר להם על ג' פעמים ואם יש יותר כל שכן שיש בכלל המרובה המועט:

For three transgressions of etc.—As it is stated (Job 33:29) “Lo, all these things does God work, twice, yea, thrice, with a man.” But He does not forgive more (according to Shem Ephraim). And here, it is as follows: I have already behaved toward them according to My standard, to forgive them for three transgressions, and if there are more, surely the smaller number is included in the larger amount.

ועל ארבעה לא אשיבנו. על פשע רביעי אין עלי עוד להשיבו ריקם מלהשיב לו גמול וכל שכן שיש לו פשעים הרבה עתה את זה אפקוד עליהם אשר דשו יושבי גלעד הסמוכין להם:

yea for four I will not return them—For the fourth transgression, I need no longer return him empty- handed from taking his recompense from Me, and surely since there are many transgressions in their hands; now I will visit upon them the retribution for threshing the inhabitants of Gilead, their neighbors.

בחרוצות הברזל. ת"י במוריגא דפרזלא והוא כעין שופינ"א שקורין לימ"א שעשוי חרוצים חרוצים ורודים בהם בני אדם ביסורי' ובהם מחתכין את קשי התבואה לעשותן תבן:

with sledges of iron—Jonathan renders: morigin of iron. Now that is a sort of file called ‘lime,’ which is made with numerous grooves, and with which they chastise people with tortures, and with them they cut the stubble of the grain to make straw.

1:4

וְשִׁלַּחְתִּי אֵשׁ בְּבֵית חֲזָאֵל וְאָכְלָה אַרְמְנוֹת בֶּן־הֲדָֽד׃

but I will send a fire into the house of Ḥaza᾽el, which will devour the palaces of Ben-hadad.

but I will send a fire into the house of Ḥaza᾽el, which will devour the palaces of Ben-hadad.

Rashi

חזאל. ובן הדד מלכי ארם וראש ארם דמשק:

Hazael etc. Ben Hadad—The kings of Aram, and the head of Aram is Damascus.

1:5

וְשָֽׁבַרְתִּי בְּרִיחַ דַּמֶּשֶׂק וְהִכְרַתִּי יוֹשֵׁב מִבִּקְעַת־אָוֶן וְתוֹמֵךְ שֵׁבֶט מִבֵּית עֶדֶן וְגָלוּ עַם־אֲרָם קִירָה אָמַר יְהֹוָֽה׃ {פ}

And I will break the bar of Dammeseq, and cut off the inhabitant from the valley of Aven, and him who holds the sceptre from the house of ῾Eden: and the people of Aram shall go into exile to Qir, says the Lord.

And I will break the bar of Dammeseq, and cut off the inhabitant from the valley of Aven, and him who holds the sceptre from the house of ῾Eden: and the people of Aram shall go into exile to Qir, says the Lord.

Rashi

בקעת און. מקום הוא בארם:

from Bik’ath-Aven—That is a place in Aram.

ותומך שבט. ועביד שולטן כמו לא יסור שבט (בראשית מ״ט:י׳) על שם שהמושל רודה את העם במקלות:

and one who holds the scepter—[Jonathan renders:] and one who exercises sovereignty. Cf. (Gen. 49:10) “The scepter shall not turn away from Judah,” since the ruler castigates the people with sticks.

מבית עדן. מקום:

from Beth-Eden—A place name.

קירה. מקום ושם הגלם סנחריב בימי אחז שנאמר ויעל דמשק ויתפשם ויגלה את ארם קירה (מלכים ב ט״ז:ט׳) כל הפורענות שנתנבאו נביאי ישראל לבא חרב על העכו"ם נביאים שהיו קודם סנחריב כגון ישעיה ועמוס נבאו על חרב סנחריב וירמיה ויחזקאל נבאו על חרב נבוכדנאצר:

to Kir—A place name, where Sennacherib exiled them during the time of Ahaz, as it is stated: “And he went up to Damascus and seized it, and exiled Aram to Kir.” [see II Kings 16:9, where the wording differs.] All the retribution that the prophets of Israel prophesied concerning the nations - the prophets who preceded Sennacherib, e.g. Isaiah and Amos, prophesied concerning the sword of Sennacherib, and Jeremiah and Ezekiel prophesied concerning the sword of Nebuchadnezzar.

1:6

כֹּה אָמַר יְהֹוָה עַל־שְׁלֹשָׁה פִּשְׁעֵי עַזָּה וְעַל־אַרְבָּעָה לֹא אֲשִׁיבֶנּוּ עַל־הַגְלוֹתָם גָּלוּת שְׁלֵמָה לְהַסְגִּיר לֶאֱדֽוֹם׃

Thus says the Lord; For three transgressions of ῾Azza, I will turn away its punishment, but for the fourth I will not turn away its punishment; because they carried away into exile a whole captivity, to deliver them up to Edom:

Thus says the Lord; For three transgressions of ῾Azza, I will turn away its punishment, but for the fourth I will not turn away its punishment; because they carried away into exile a whole captivity, to deliver them up to Edom:

Rashi

עזה. מפלשתים היתה:

Gaza—That was a city of the Philistines.

גלות שלמה. גלות ישראל שתהא הגלות שלימה שלא ימלט איש שהיו עומדים על הדרכים ותופשין הנמלטים ומסגירין אותם וכן עשו אנשי צור וכן לארבע רוחות בחורבן בית שני כמו שמפורש באגדת האזינו עזה מן הדרום צור מן הצפון דמשק מן המזרח ערביים מן המערב שנאמר (ישעיהו כ״א:י״ג) משא בערב ביער בערב תלינו:

a whole captivity—I.e, the captivity of Israel, that the captivity be complete, that no one should escape, for they would stand on the roads and seize those fleeing and deliver them. And so did the people of Tyre, and so to the four sides during the destruction of the Second Temple, as is delineated in the Aggadah of Ha’azinu (Sifre 322), Gaza from the south, Tyre from the north, Damascus from the east, the Arabs from the west, as it is stated: (Isaiah 21: 13) “The harsh prophecy concerning Arabia: In the forest in Arabia did you lodge, on the roads of your cousins.”

1:7

וְשִׁלַּחְתִּי אֵשׁ בְּחוֹמַת עַזָּה וְאָכְלָה אַרְמְנֹתֶֽיהָ׃

but I will send a fire on the wall of ῾Azza, which shall devour its palaces:

but I will send a fire on the wall of ῾Azza, which shall devour its palaces:

1:8

וְהִכְרַתִּי יוֹשֵׁב מֵֽאַשְׁדּוֹד וְתוֹמֵךְ שֵׁבֶט מֵֽאַשְׁקְלוֹן וַהֲשִׁיבוֹתִי יָדִי עַל־עֶקְרוֹן וְאָֽבְדוּ שְׁאֵרִית פְּלִשְׁתִּים אָמַר אֲדֹנָי יֱהֹוִֽה׃ {פ}

and I will cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, and him who holds the sceptre from Ashqelon, and I will turn my hand against ῾Eqron: and the remnant of the Pelishtim shall perish, says the Lord God.

and I will cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, and him who holds the sceptre from Ashqelon, and I will turn my hand against ῾Eqron: and the remnant of the Pelishtim shall perish, says the Lord God.

Rashi

אשדוד. אשקלון עקרון סרני פלשתים הם:

Ashdod... Ashkelon... Ekron—They were the lords of the Philistines.

והשיבותי ידי. אכה ואשנה:

and I will return My hand—I will smite them repeatedly.

1:9

כֹּה אָמַר יְהֹוָה עַל־שְׁלֹשָׁה פִּשְׁעֵי־צֹר וְעַל־אַרְבָּעָה לֹא אֲשִׁיבֶנּוּ עַֽל־הַסְגִּירָם גָּלוּת שְׁלֵמָה לֶאֱדוֹם וְלֹא זָכְרוּ בְּרִית אַחִֽים׃

Thus says the Lord; For three transgressions of Żor, I will turn away its punishment, but for the fourth I will not turn away its punishment; because they delivered up a complete captivity to Edom, and remembered not the brotherly covenant:

Thus says the Lord; For three transgressions of Żor, I will turn away its punishment, but for the fourth I will not turn away its punishment; because they delivered up a complete captivity to Edom, and remembered not the brotherly covenant:

Rashi

ולא זכרו ברית אחים. אשר היה בין חירם ובין שלמה שנאמר ויכרתו ברית שניהם (מלכים א ה) והיו קורין זה לזה אחי שנ' (שם ט) מה הערים אשר נתת לי אחי:

and did not remember the brotherly covenant—which existed between Hiram and Solomon, as it is said: (I Kings 5:26) “And they both made a league together.” And they called each other brothers, as it is said: (ibid. 9:13) “And he said: ‘What are these cities that you have given me, my brother?’”

1:10

וְשִׁלַּחְתִּי אֵשׁ בְּחוֹמַת צֹר וְאָכְלָה אַרְמְנוֹתֶֽיהָ׃ {פ}

but I will send a fire on the wall of Żor, which shall devour its palaces.

but I will send a fire on the wall of Żor, which shall devour its palaces.

1:11

כֹּה אָמַר יְהֹוָה עַל־שְׁלֹשָׁה פִּשְׁעֵי אֱדוֹם וְעַל־אַרְבָּעָה לֹא אֲשִׁיבֶנּוּ עַל־רׇדְפוֹ בַחֶרֶב אָחִיו וְשִׁחֵת רַחֲמָיו וַיִּטְרֹף לָעַד אַפּוֹ וְעֶבְרָתוֹ שְׁמָרָהֿ נֶֽצַח׃

Thus says the Lord; For three transgressions of Edom, I will turn away its punishment, but for the fourth I will not turn away its punishment; because he did pursue his brother with the sword, and did cast off all pity, and his anger tore perpetually, and he kept his wrath for ever:

Thus says the Lord; For three transgressions of Edom, I will turn away its punishment, but for the fourth I will not turn away its punishment; because he did pursue his brother with the sword, and did cast off all pity, and his anger tore perpetually, and he kept his wrath for ever:

Rashi

על רדפו בחרב אחיו. שנאמר (מדבר כ) פן בחרב אצא לקראתך וגם עודנו טורף אפו ושומר עברתו ולא חזר בו:

for pursuing their brother with a sword—As it is said: (Num. 20:18) “Lest I go forth against you with the sword.” And he still clings to his anger, keeps his wrath, and has not retracted it.

ויטרוף לעד אפו. החזיק בה ולא הניחה:

and grasped forever their anger—He clung to it and did not let it go.

1:12

וְשִׁלַּחְתִּי אֵשׁ בְּתֵימָן וְאָכְלָה אַרְמְנוֹת בׇּצְרָֽה׃ {פ}

but I will send a fire upon Teman, which shall devour the palaces of Bożra.

but I will send a fire upon Teman, which shall devour the palaces of Bożra.

Rashi

ארמנות בצרה. בין מואב ובין אדום היא ומארץ מואב ונמשכה אחר אדום והיא העמידה לו מלך במות מלך הראשון שנאמר יובב בן זרח מבצרה (בראשית לז):

the palaces of Bozrah—It is between Moab and Edom, and it belonged to the land of Moab, but it was attracted to Edom. And it set up a king for them when the first king died, and it is said: (Gen. 36: 33) “Jobab the son of Zerah from Bozrah.” [from Gen. Rabbah 83:3]

1:13

כֹּה אָמַר יְהֹוָה עַל־שְׁלֹשָׁה פִּשְׁעֵי בְנֵֽי־עַמּוֹן וְעַל־אַרְבָּעָה לֹא אֲשִׁיבֶנּוּ עַל־בִּקְעָם הָרוֹת הַגִּלְעָד לְמַעַן הַרְחִיב אֶת־גְּבוּלָֽם׃

Thus says the Lord; For three transgressions of the children of ῾Ammon, I will turn away their punishment, but for the fourth I will not turn away their punishment; because they have ripped up the women with child of Gil῾ad, that they might enlarge their border:

Thus says the Lord; For three transgressions of the children of ῾Ammon, I will turn away their punishment, but for the fourth I will not turn away their punishment; because they have ripped up the women with child of Gil῾ad, that they might enlarge their border:

Rashi

בקעם הרות הגלעד. השחיתו אותה וגם הרותיהם בקעו שלא ישאר יורש שיערער על הנחלה וכן אומר (בירמיהו מ״ט:א׳) לבני עמון כה אמר ה' הבנים אין לישראל אם יורש אין לו מדוע ירש מלכם:

they ripped up the pregnant woman of Gilead—They destroyed it and also ripped up their pregnant women so that no heir would remain who would contest the inheritance. And so does Scripture state: (Jer. 49:1) “Concerning the children of Ammon. So said the Lord: Has Israel no sons? Has he no heir? Why has Malcam taken possession of Gad?”

1:14

וְהִצַּתִּי אֵשׁ בְּחוֹמַת רַבָּה וְאָכְלָה אַרְמְנוֹתֶיהָ בִּתְרוּעָה בְּיוֹם מִלְחָמָה בְּסַעַר בְּיוֹם סוּפָֽה׃

but I will kindle a fire in the wall of Rabba, and it shall devour its palaces, with shouting in the day of battle, with a tempest in the day of the storm:

but I will kindle a fire in the wall of Rabba, and it shall devour its palaces, with shouting in the day of battle, with a tempest in the day of the storm:

1:15

וְהָלַךְ מַלְכָּם בַּגּוֹלָה הוּא וְשָׂרָיו יַחְדָּו אָמַר יְהֹוָֽה׃ {פ}

and their king shall go into exile, he and his princes together, says the Lord.

and their king shall go into exile, he and his princes together, says the Lord.

Texts

  • Hebrew: Miqra according to the Masorah · License: CC-BY-SA
  • English: The Koren Jerusalem Bible · License: CC-BY-NC
  • Hebrew: On Your Way · License: PD
  • English: The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg · License: CC-BY

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