Tanach
Bamidbar 26:1-11 במדבר כ״ו:א׳-י״א
Part of: PinchasPinchas, Aliyah 1Pinchas, Aliyah 2Chapter 26Petuchah, Numbers 25:16
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
וַיְהִי אַחֲרֵי הַמַּגֵּפָה {פ}
וַיֹּאמֶר יְהֹוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה וְאֶל אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן־אַהֲרֹן הַכֹּהֵן לֵאמֹֽר׃
It was after the plague. Adonoy spoke to Moshe and Elozor, son of Aharon the kohein, saying:
It was after the plague. Adonoy spoke to Moshe and Elozor, son of Aharon the kohein, saying:
Rashi
שְׂאוּ אֶת־רֹאשׁ ׀ כׇּל־עֲדַת בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וָמַעְלָה לְבֵית אֲבֹתָם כׇּל־יֹצֵא צָבָא בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
“ count the whole community of Bnei Yisroel twenty years of age and above, according to their paternal house, every one who is fit for duty in the army of Yisroel.”
“ count the whole community of Bnei Yisroel twenty years of age and above, according to their paternal house, every one who is fit for duty in the army of Yisroel.”
Rashi
לבית אבתם. עַל שֵׁבֶט הָאָב יִתְיַחֲסוּ וְלֹא אַחַר הָאֵם (בבא בתרא ק"ט):
According to their paternal house. Their relationship follows the paternal tribe, rather than the maternal.
וַיְדַבֵּר מֹשֶׁה וְאֶלְעָזָר הַכֹּהֵן אֹתָם בְּעַֽרְבֹת מוֹאָב עַל־יַרְדֵּן יְרֵחוֹ לֵאמֹֽר׃
Moshe and Elozor the kohein spoke with them on the plains of Moav, by the Yardein near Yereicho, saying:
Moshe and Elozor the kohein spoke with them on the plains of Moav, by the Yardein near Yereicho, saying:
Rashi
וידבר משה ואלעזר הכהן אתם. דִּבְּרוּ עִמָּם עַל זֹאת שֶׁצִּוָּה הַמָּקוֹם לִמְנוֹתָם:
Moshe and Elozor the kohein spoke with them. They spoke with them concerning this — that the Omnipresent had commanded to count them.
לאמר. אָמְרוּ לָהֶם צְרִיכִים אַתֶּם לִמָּנוֹת מבן עשרים שנה ומעלה:
Saying. They said to them, ”You must be counted.”
מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וָמָעְלָה כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהֹוָה אֶת־מֹשֶׁה וּבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הַיֹּצְאִים מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃
“[Count those] twenty years of age and above, as Adonoy commanded Moshe and Bnei Yisroel who had left Egypt.”
“[Count those] twenty years of age and above, as Adonoy commanded Moshe and Bnei Yisroel who had left Egypt.”
Rashi
כאשר צוה וגו'. שֶׁיְּהֵא מִנְיָנָם מִבֶּן עֶשְֹרִים שָׁנָה וָמַעְלָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר "כָּל הָעֹבֵר עַל הַפְּקֻדִים" וגו' (שמות ל'):
[Count those] twenty years of age and above, as [Adonoy] commanded, etc. That they be counted from the age of twenty and above, as it is said, “everyone passing by to be counted, etc.”
רְאוּבֵן בְּכוֹר יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּנֵי רְאוּבֵן חֲנוֹךְ מִשְׁפַּחַת הַחֲנֹכִי לְפַלּוּא מִשְׁפַּחַת הַפַּלֻּאִֽי׃
Reuvein, [was] Yisroel’s firstborn; the descendants of Reuvein are: the Chanochite family from Chanoch, the Paluite family from Palu,
Reuvein, [was] Yisroel’s firstborn; the descendants of Reuvein are: the Chanochite family from Chanoch, the Paluite family from Palu,
Rashi
משפחת החנכי. לְפִי שֶׁהָיוּ הָאֻמּוֹת מְבַזִּין אוֹתָם וְאוֹמְרִים מָה אֵלּוּ מִתְיַחֲסִין עַל שִׁבְטֵיהֶם? סְבוּרִים הֵם שֶׁלֹּא שָׁלְטוּ הַמִּצְרִיִּים בְּאִמּוֹתֵיהֶם? אִם בְּגוּפָם הָיוּ מוֹשְׁלִים, קַל וָחֹמֶר בִּנְשׁוֹתֵיהֶם, לְפִיכָךְ הִטִּיל הַקָּבָּ"ה שְׁמוֹ עֲלֵיהֶם — ה"א מִצַּד זֶה וְיוֹ"ד מִצַּד זֶה — לוֹמַר, מֵעִיד אֲנִי עֲלֵיהֶם שֶׁהֵם בְּנֵי אֲבוֹתֵיהֶם, וְזֶה הוּא שֶׁמְּפֹרָשׁ עַל יְדֵי דָוִד (תהילים קכ"ב) "שִׁבְטֵי יָהּ עֵדוּת לְיִשְׂרָאֵל" — הַשֵּׁם הַזֶּה מֵעִיד עֲלֵיהֶם לְשִׁבְטֵיהֶם, לְפִיכָךְ בְּכֻלָּם כָּתַב הַחֲנֹכִי, הַפַּלֻּאִי, אֲבָל בְּיִמְנָה לֹא הֻצְרַךְ לוֹמַר "מִשְׁפַּחַת הַיִּמְנִי" לְפִי שֶׁהַשֵּׁם קָבוּעַ בּוֹ — יוֹ"ד בָּרֹאשׁ וה"א בַּסּוֹף (ילקוט שמעוני):
The Chanochite family. Because the gentiles disparaged them, saying, ‘what, they trace their lineage to their tribes? They think that the Egyptians had no control over their mothers? If they ruled over their bodies, then certainly over their wives!’ Therefore, the Holy One, Blessed is He, attached His Name to them, the ה' on one side, and the י' on the other, to say, ‘I bear witness, concerning them, that they are the sons of their fathers.’ This is stated clearly by Dovid, “the tribes of God as a testimony to Israel.” This Name testifies for them concerning their tribes. Therefore, Scripture states, with all of them, הַחֲנוֹכִי, “the Chanochite,” הַפַּלּוּאִי, “the Paluite.” But with יִמְנָה, it was unnecessary to say מִשְׁפַּחַת הַיִּמְנִי, “the Yimnite family,” since the Name is fixed in it, the י' at the beginning and the ה' at the end.
לְחֶצְרֹן מִשְׁפַּחַת הַֽחֶצְרוֹנִי לְכַרְמִי מִשְׁפַּחַת הַכַּרְמִֽי׃
the Chetzronite family from Chetzron and the Karmite family from Karmi.
the Chetzronite family from Chetzron and the Karmite family from Karmi.
אֵלֶּה מִשְׁפְּחֹת הָראוּבֵנִי וַיִּהְיוּ פְקֻדֵיהֶם שְׁלֹשָׁה וְאַרְבָּעִים אֶלֶף וּשְׁבַע מֵאוֹת וּשְׁלֹשִֽׁים׃
These are Reuvein’s families and they numbered forty-three thousand, and seven hundred and thirty.
These are Reuvein’s families and they numbered forty-three thousand, and seven hundred and thirty.
וּבְנֵי פַלּוּא אֱלִיאָֽב׃
Palu’s son[s were] was Eliav.
Palu’s son[s were] was Eliav.
וּבְנֵי אֱלִיאָב נְמוּאֵל וְדָתָן וַאֲבִירָם הֽוּא־דָתָן וַאֲבִירָם (קרואי) [קְרִיאֵי] הָעֵדָה אֲשֶׁר הִצּוּ עַל־מֹשֶׁה וְעַֽל־אַהֲרֹן בַּעֲדַת־קֹרַח בְּהַצֹּתָם עַל־יְהֹוָֽה׃
Eliav’s sons were Nemueil, Dasan and Aviram. They are Dasan and Aviram, the communal leaders, who incited against Moshe and Aharon in the assembly of Korach when they incited against Adonoy.
Eliav’s sons were Nemueil, Dasan and Aviram. They are Dasan and Aviram, the communal leaders, who incited against Moshe and Aharon in the assembly of Korach when they incited against Adonoy.
Rashi
אשר הצו. אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל על משה:
Who incited Israel against Moshe.
בהצתם. אֶת הָעָם על ה':
When they incited. The people against God.
הצו. הִשִּׂיאוּ אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל לָרִיב עַל מֹשֶׁה, לְשׁוֹן הִפְעִילוּ:
Incited. They misled the Israelites into quarreling with Moshe. This is the causative form.
וַתִּפְתַּח הָאָרֶץ אֶת־פִּיהָ וַתִּבְלַע אֹתָם וְאֶת־קֹרַח בְּמוֹת הָעֵדָה בַּאֲכֹל הָאֵשׁ אֵת חֲמִשִּׁים וּמָאתַיִם אִישׁ וַיִּהְיוּ לְנֵֽס׃
The earth opened its mouth and swallowed them and Korach when that assembly died; when fire consumed the two hundred and fifty men; they became a symbol.
The earth opened its mouth and swallowed them and Korach when that assembly died; when fire consumed the two hundred and fifty men; they became a symbol.
Rashi
ויהיו לנס. לְאוֹת וּלְזִכָּרוֹן, "לְמַעַן אֲשֶׁר לֹא יִקְרַב אִישׁ זָר" (במדבר י"ז) לַחֲלֹק עוֹד עַל הַכְּהֻנָּה:
They became a symbol. A symbol and a reminder, so that no outsider would ever again come forward to dispute the kehunah.
וּבְנֵי־קֹרַח לֹא־מֵֽתוּ׃ {ס}
But the sons of Korach did not die.
But the sons of Korach did not die.
Rashi
ובני קרח לא מתו. הֵם הָיוּ בָעֵצָה תְּחִלָּה, וּבִשְׁעַת הַמַּחֲלֹקֶת הִרְהֲרוּ תְשׁוּבָה בְלִבָּם, לְפִיכָךְ נִתְבַּצֵּר לָהֶם מָקוֹם גָּבוֹהַ בַּגֵיהִנּוֹם וְיָשְׁבוּ שָׁם (סנהדרין ק"י):
But the sons of Korach did not die. They were involved in the conspiracy at first, but during the dispute, they repented in their hearts. Therefore, an elevated area was secured for them in gehinom, where they remained.
ויהי אחרי המגפה וגו'. מָשָׁל לְרוֹעֶה שֶׁנִּכְנְסוּ זְאֵבִים לְתוֹךְ עֶדְרוֹ וְהָרְגוּ בָהֶן וְהוּא מוֹנֶה אוֹתָן לֵידַע מִנְיַן הַנּוֹתָרוֹת; דָּבָר אַחֵר — כְּשֶׁיָּצְאוּ מִמִּצְרַיִם וְנִמְסְרוּ לְמֹשֶׁה נִמְסְרוּ לוֹ בְּמִנְיָן, עַכְשָׁו שֶׁקָּרַב לָמוּת וּלְהַחֲזִיר צֹאנוֹ מַחֲזִירָן בְּמִנְיָן (תנחומא):
It was after the plague, etc. This is compared to a shepherd whose flock was infiltrated by wolves, who killed some of them. He counted them, to ascertain the number of those remaining. Another interpretation: When they left Egypt and were entrusted to Moshe, they were given to him with a reckoning; now that he neared death, and the return of his sheep, he returned them with a reckoning.