Bereshit
Vayigash ויגש
Part of: VayigashVayigash, Aliyah 1Vayigash, Aliyah 2Vayigash, Aliyah 3Vayigash, Aliyah 4Vayigash, Aliyah 5Vayigash, Aliyah 6Vayigash, Aliyah 7Chapter 44Chapter 45Chapter 46Chapter 47Setumah, Genesis 44:18Setumah, Genesis 46:8Setumah, Genesis 46:28
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Bereshit 44
וַיִּגַּשׁ אֵלָיו יְהוּדָה וַיֹּאמֶר בִּי אֲדֹנִי יְדַבֶּר־נָא עַבְדְּךָ דָבָר בְּאׇזְנֵי אֲדֹנִי וְאַל־יִחַר אַפְּךָ בְּעַבְדֶּךָ כִּי כָמוֹךָ כְּפַרְעֹֽה׃
Yehudah approached him [Yoseif] and said, Please my master, let your servant speak a word in my master’s ears, and do not be angry with your servant; for you are equal to Pharaoh.
Yehudah approached him [Yoseif] and said, Please my master, let your servant speak a word in my master’s ears, and do not be angry with your servant; for you are equal to Pharaoh.
Rashi
ואל יחר אפך. מִכָּאן אַתָּה לָמֵד שֶׁדִּבֵּר אֵלָיו קָשׁוֹת:
כי כמוך כפרעה. חָשׁוּב אַתָּה בְעֵינַי כְּמֶלֶךְ, זֶהוּ פְשׁוּטוֹ. וּמִדְרָשׁוֹ סוֹפְךָ לִלְקוֹת עָלָיו בְּצָרַעַת כְּמוֹ שֶׁלָּקָה פַרְעֹה עַל יְדֵי זְקֵנָתִי שָׂרָה עַל לַיְלָה אַחַת שֶׁעִכְּבָהּ (בראשית רבה). דָּבָר אַחֵר מַה פַּרְעֹה גוֹזֵר וְאֵינוֹ מְקַיֵּם, מַבְטִיחַ וְאֵינוֹ עוֹשֶׂה, אַף אַתָּה כֵן; וְכִי זוֹ הִיא שִׂימַת עַיִן שֶׁאָמַרְתָּ לָשׂוּם עֵינְךָ עָלָיו? דָּבָר אַחֵר, כִּי כָּמוֹךָ כְּפַרְעֹה, אִם תַּקְנִיטֵנִי אֶהֱרֹג אוֹתְךָ וְאֶת אֲדוֹנֶךָ (בראשית רבה):
אֲדֹנִי שָׁאַל אֶת־עֲבָדָיו לֵאמֹר הֲיֵשׁ־לָכֶם אָב אוֹ־אָֽח׃
My master asked his servants, saying, Do you have a father or brother?
My master asked his servants, saying, Do you have a father or brother?
Rashi
שאל את עבדיו. מִתְּחִלָּה בַעֲלִילָה בָאתָ עָלֵינוּ, לָמָּה הָיָה לְךָ לִשְׁאֹל כָּל אֵלֶּה? בִּתְּךָ הָיִינוּ מְבַקְּשִׁים? אוֹ אֲחוֹתֵנוּ אַתָּה מְבַקֵּשׁ? וְאַף עַל פִּי כֵן
וַנֹּאמֶר אֶל־אֲדֹנִי יֶשׁ־לָנוּ אָב זָקֵן וְיֶלֶד זְקֻנִים קָטָן וְאָחִיו מֵת וַיִּוָּתֵר הוּא לְבַדּוֹ לְאִמּוֹ וְאָבִיו אֲהֵבֽוֹ׃
We said to my master, We have a father who is old, and a young child of his old age. His brother is dead, and he alone survives of his mother, and his father loves him.
We said to my master, We have a father who is old, and a young child of his old age. His brother is dead, and he alone survives of his mother, and his father loves him.
Rashi
ונאמר אל אדוני, לֹא כִחַדְנוּ מִמְּךָ דָּבָר (בראשית רבה):
ואחיו מת. מִפְּנֵי הַיִּרְאָה הָיָה מוֹצִיא דְּבַר שֶׁקֶר מִפִּיו, אָמַר אִם אוֹמַר לוֹ שֶׁהוּא קַיָּם, יֹאמַר הֲבִיאוּהוּ אֶצְלִי:
לבדו לאמו. מֵאוֹתוֹ הָאֵם אֵין לוֹ עוֹד אָח:
וַתֹּאמֶר אֶל־עֲבָדֶיךָ הוֹרִדֻהוּ אֵלָי וְאָשִׂימָה עֵינִי עָלָֽיו׃
You said to your servants, Bring him down to me, that I may set my eyes on him.
You said to your servants, Bring him down to me, that I may set my eyes on him.
וַנֹּאמֶר אֶל־אֲדֹנִי לֹא־יוּכַל הַנַּעַר לַעֲזֹב אֶת־אָבִיו וְעָזַב אֶת־אָבִיו וָמֵֽת׃
We said to my master, the lad cannot leave his father, for if he left his father, he would die.
We said to my master, the lad cannot leave his father, for if he left his father, he would die.
Rashi
ועזב את אביו ומת. אִם יַעֲזֹב אֶת אָבִיו, דּוֹאֲגִים אָנוּ שֶׁמָּא יָמוּת בַּדֶּרֶךְ, שֶׁהֲרֵי אִמּוֹ בַּדֶּרֶךְ מֵתָה:
וַתֹּאמֶר אֶל־עֲבָדֶיךָ אִם־לֹא יֵרֵד אֲחִיכֶם הַקָּטֹן אִתְּכֶם לֹא תֹסִפוּן לִרְאוֹת פָּנָֽי׃
You [then] said to your servants, If your youngest brother does not come down with you, you shall not see my face again.
You [then] said to your servants, If your youngest brother does not come down with you, you shall not see my face again.
וַֽיְהִי כִּי עָלִינוּ אֶֽל־עַבְדְּךָ אָבִי וַנַּגֶּד־לוֹ אֵת דִּבְרֵי אֲדֹנִֽי׃
When we went to your servant, my father, we told him of my master’s words.
When we went to your servant, my father, we told him of my master’s words.
וַיֹּאמֶר אָבִינוּ שֻׁבוּ שִׁבְרוּ־לָנוּ מְעַט־אֹֽכֶל׃
Our father said, Go back and buy us a little food.
Our father said, Go back and buy us a little food.
וַנֹּאמֶר לֹא נוּכַל לָרֶדֶת אִם־יֵשׁ אָחִינוּ הַקָּטֹן אִתָּנוּ וְיָרַדְנוּ כִּי־לֹא נוּכַל לִרְאוֹת פְּנֵי הָאִישׁ וְאָחִינוּ הַקָּטֹן אֵינֶנּוּ אִתָּֽנוּ׃
We said, We cannot go down. If our youngest brother is with us, we will go down, for we cannot see the man’s face, unless our youngest brother is with us.
We said, We cannot go down. If our youngest brother is with us, we will go down, for we cannot see the man’s face, unless our youngest brother is with us.
וַיֹּאמֶר עַבְדְּךָ אָבִי אֵלֵינוּ אַתֶּם יְדַעְתֶּם כִּי שְׁנַיִם יָֽלְדָה־לִּי אִשְׁתִּֽי׃
Your servant, my father said to us, You know that my wife [Rochel] bore me two sons.
Your servant, my father said to us, You know that my wife [Rochel] bore me two sons.
וַיֵּצֵא הָֽאֶחָד מֵֽאִתִּי וָאֹמַר אַךְ טָרֹף טֹרָף וְלֹא רְאִיתִיו עַד־הֵֽנָּה׃
One has [already] left me, and I said, surely he is torn to pieces. I have not seen him until now.
One has [already] left me, and I said, surely he is torn to pieces. I have not seen him until now.
וּלְקַחְתֶּם גַּם־אֶת־זֶה מֵעִם פָּנַי וְקָרָהוּ אָסוֹן וְהֽוֹרַדְתֶּם אֶת־שֵׂיבָתִי בְּרָעָה שְׁאֹֽלָה׃
If you take this one also away from me, and misfortune befall him, you will bring my white head down to the grave in evil.
If you take this one also away from me, and misfortune befall him, you will bring my white head down to the grave in evil.
Rashi
וקרהו אסון. שֶׁהַשָּׂטָן מְקַטְרֵג בִּשְׁעַת הַסַּכָּנָה (בראשית רבה):
והורדתם את שיבתי וגו'. עַכְשָׁו כְּשֶׁהוּא אֶצְלִי, אֲנִי מִתְנַחֵם בּוֹ עַל אִמּוֹ וְעַל אָחִיו, וְאִם יָמוּת זֶה, דּוֹמֶה עָלַי שֶׁשְּׁלָשְׁתָּן מֵתוּ בְּיוֹם אֶחָד:
וְעַתָּה כְּבֹאִי אֶל־עַבְדְּךָ אָבִי וְהַנַּעַר אֵינֶנּוּ אִתָּנוּ וְנַפְשׁוֹ קְשׁוּרָה בְנַפְשֽׁוֹ׃
And now, when I come to your servant, my father, and the lad is not with us; his soul is bound up with the lad’s soul.
And now, when I come to your servant, my father, and the lad is not with us; his soul is bound up with the lad’s soul.
וְהָיָה כִּרְאוֹתוֹ כִּי־אֵין הַנַּעַר וָמֵת וְהוֹרִידוּ עֲבָדֶיךָ אֶת־שֵׂיבַת עַבְדְּךָ אָבִינוּ בְּיָגוֹן שְׁאֹֽלָה׃
When he sees that the lad is not [with us], he will die. Your servants will have brought down the white head of your servant, our father, to the grave in sorrow.
When he sees that the lad is not [with us], he will die. Your servants will have brought down the white head of your servant, our father, to the grave in sorrow.
Rashi
והיה כראותו כי אין הנער ומת. אָבִיו מִצָּרָתוֹ:
כִּי עַבְדְּךָ עָרַב אֶת־הַנַּעַר מֵעִם אָבִי לֵאמֹר אִם־לֹא אֲבִיאֶנּוּ אֵלֶיךָ וְחָטָאתִי לְאָבִי כׇּל־הַיָּמִֽים׃
For your servant became surety for the lad, to my father, saying, If I do not bring him to you, I will have sinned to my father for all time.
For your servant became surety for the lad, to my father, saying, If I do not bring him to you, I will have sinned to my father for all time.
Rashi
כי עבדך ערב את הנער. וְאִם תֹּאמַר, לָמָּה אֲנִי נִכְנָס לַתִּגָּר יוֹתֵר מִשְּׁאָר אַחַי? הֵם כֻּלָּם מִבַּחוּץ וַאֲנִי נִתְקַשַּׁרְתִּי בְקֶשֶׁר חָזָק לִהְיוֹת מְנֻדֶּה בב' עוֹלָמוֹת:
וְעַתָּה יֵֽשֶׁב־נָא עַבְדְּךָ תַּחַת הַנַּעַר עֶבֶד לַֽאדֹנִי וְהַנַּעַר יַעַל עִם־אֶחָֽיו׃
And now, let your servant remain as a slave to my master instead of the lad. Let the lad go up with his brothers.
And now, let your servant remain as a slave to my master instead of the lad. Let the lad go up with his brothers.
Rashi
ישב נא עבדך וגו'. לְכָל דָּבָר אֲנִי מְעֻלֶּה מִמֶּנּוּ, לִגְבוּרָה וּלְמִלְחָמָה וּלְשַׁמֵּשׁ (בראשית רבה):
כִּי־אֵיךְ אֶֽעֱלֶה אֶל־אָבִי וְהַנַּעַר אֵינֶנּוּ אִתִּי פֶּן אֶרְאֶה בָרָע אֲשֶׁר יִמְצָא אֶת־אָבִֽי׃
For how shall I go up to my father when the lad is not with me; lest I see the evil that would befall my father.
For how shall I go up to my father when the lad is not with me; lest I see the evil that would befall my father.
Bereshit 45
וְלֹֽא־יָכֹל יוֹסֵף לְהִתְאַפֵּק לְכֹל הַנִּצָּבִים עָלָיו וַיִּקְרָא הוֹצִיאוּ כׇל־אִישׁ מֵעָלָי וְלֹא־עָמַד אִישׁ אִתּוֹ בְּהִתְוַדַּע יוֹסֵף אֶל־אֶחָֽיו׃
Yoseif could not contain his emotions in the presence of all who stood before him, and he cried out Let everyone leave my presence. No man remained with him, when Yoseif made himself known to his brothers.
Yoseif could not contain his emotions in the presence of all who stood before him, and he cried out Let everyone leave my presence. No man remained with him, when Yoseif made himself known to his brothers.
Rashi
ולא יכל יוסף להתאפק לכל הנצבים. לֹא הָיָה יָכוֹל לִסְבֹּל שֶׁיִּהְיוּ מִצְרִים נִצָּבִים עָלָיו וְשׁוֹמְעִין שֶׁאֶחָיו מִתְבַּיְּשִׁין בְּהִוָּדְעוֹ לָהֶם:
וַיִּתֵּן אֶת־קֹלוֹ בִּבְכִי וַיִּשְׁמְעוּ מִצְרַיִם וַיִּשְׁמַע בֵּית פַּרְעֹֽה׃
He wept aloud, and the Egyptians heard about it, and the house of Pharaoh [also] heard.
He wept aloud, and the Egyptians heard about it, and the house of Pharaoh [also] heard.
Rashi
וישמע בית פרעה. בֵּיתוֹ שֶׁל פַּרְעֹה, כְּלוֹמַר, עֲבָדָיו וּבְנֵי בֵיתוֹ, וְאֵין זֶה לְשׁוֹן בַּיִת מַמָּשׁ, אֶלָּא כְמוֹ בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל, בֵּית יְהוּדָה, מישנ"דה בְּלַעַז:
וַיֹּאמֶר יוֹסֵף אֶל־אֶחָיו אֲנִי יוֹסֵף הַעוֹד אָבִי חָי וְלֹֽא־יָכְלוּ אֶחָיו לַעֲנוֹת אֹתוֹ כִּי נִבְהֲלוּ מִפָּנָֽיו׃
Yoseif said to his brothers, I am Yoseif, is my father still alive? His brothers could not answer him for they were shocked at his presence.
Yoseif said to his brothers, I am Yoseif, is my father still alive? His brothers could not answer him for they were shocked at his presence.
Rashi
נבהלו מפניו. מִפְּנֵי הַבּוּשָׁה:
וַיֹּאמֶר יוֹסֵף אֶל־אֶחָיו גְּשׁוּ־נָא אֵלַי וַיִּגָּשׁוּ וַיֹּאמֶר אֲנִי יוֹסֵף אֲחִיכֶם אֲשֶׁר־מְכַרְתֶּם אֹתִי מִצְרָֽיְמָה׃
[Then] Yoseif said to his brothers, Please come close to me. They came close [to him] and he said, I am Yoseif your brother, whom you sold into Egypt.
[Then] Yoseif said to his brothers, Please come close to me. They came close [to him] and he said, I am Yoseif your brother, whom you sold into Egypt.
Rashi
גשו נא אלי. רָאָה אוֹתָם נְסוֹגִים לְאָחוֹר, אָמַר עַכְשָׁו אַחַי נִכְלָמִים, קָרָא לָהֶם בְּלָשׁוֹן רַכָּה וְתַחֲנוּנִים, וְהֶרְאָה לָהֶם שֶׁהוּא מָהוּל (בראשית רבה):
וְעַתָּה ׀ אַל־תֵּעָצְבוּ וְאַל־יִחַר בְּעֵינֵיכֶם כִּֽי־מְכַרְתֶּם אֹתִי הֵנָּה כִּי לְמִֽחְיָה שְׁלָחַנִי אֱלֹהִים לִפְנֵיכֶֽם׃
Now do not worry, and do not be angry with yourselves that you sold me here; for it was to preserve life that Elohim sent me [here] before you.
Now do not worry, and do not be angry with yourselves that you sold me here; for it was to preserve life that Elohim sent me [here] before you.
Rashi
למחיה. לִהְיוֹת לָכֶם לְמִחְיָה:
כִּי־זֶה שְׁנָתַיִם הָרָעָב בְּקֶרֶב הָאָרֶץ וְעוֹד חָמֵשׁ שָׁנִים אֲשֶׁר אֵין־חָרִישׁ וְקָצִֽיר׃
For it is [now] two years that there has been famine in the land; and for another five years there will be no plowing or harvest.
For it is [now] two years that there has been famine in the land; and for another five years there will be no plowing or harvest.
Rashi
כי זה שנתים הרעב. עָבְרוּ מִשְּׁנֵי הָרָעָב:
וַיִּשְׁלָחֵנִי אֱלֹהִים לִפְנֵיכֶם לָשׂוּם לָכֶם שְׁאֵרִית בָּאָרֶץ וּלְהַחֲיוֹת לָכֶם לִפְלֵיטָה גְּדֹלָֽה׃
Elohim sent me [here] before you to insure your survival in the land, and to keep you alive for a great deliverance.
Elohim sent me [here] before you to insure your survival in the land, and to keep you alive for a great deliverance.
וְעַתָּה לֹֽא־אַתֶּם שְׁלַחְתֶּם אֹתִי הֵנָּה כִּי הָאֱלֹהִים וַיְשִׂימֵנִֽי לְאָב לְפַרְעֹה וּלְאָדוֹן לְכׇל־בֵּיתוֹ וּמֹשֵׁל בְּכׇל־אֶרֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃
Now [then] it was not you that sent me here, but Elohim; and He has made me as a father to Pharaoh, and master of all his house, and ruler over all the land of Egypt.
Now [then] it was not you that sent me here, but Elohim; and He has made me as a father to Pharaoh, and master of all his house, and ruler over all the land of Egypt.
Rashi
לאב. לְחָבֵר וּלְפַטְרוֹן:
מַהֲרוּ וַעֲלוּ אֶל־אָבִי וַאֲמַרְתֶּם אֵלָיו כֹּה אָמַר בִּנְךָ יוֹסֵף שָׂמַנִי אֱלֹהִים לְאָדוֹן לְכׇל־מִצְרָיִם רְדָה אֵלַי אַֽל־תַּעֲמֹֽד׃
Hurry, go up to my father and tell him: this is what your son, Yoseif, says, Elohim has made me master of all Egypt. Come down to me, do not delay.
Hurry, go up to my father and tell him: this is what your son, Yoseif, says, Elohim has made me master of all Egypt. Come down to me, do not delay.
Rashi
ועלו אל אבי. אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל גְּבוֹהָה מִכָּל הָאֲרָצוֹת:
וְיָשַׁבְתָּ בְאֶֽרֶץ־גֹּשֶׁן וְהָיִיתָ קָרוֹב אֵלַי אַתָּה וּבָנֶיךָ וּבְנֵי בָנֶיךָ וְצֹאנְךָ וּבְקָרְךָ וְכׇל־אֲשֶׁר־לָֽךְ׃
You will dwell in the land of Goshen, and you will be close to me—you, your children, your grandchildren, your sheep, your cattle and all that you own.
You will dwell in the land of Goshen, and you will be close to me—you, your children, your grandchildren, your sheep, your cattle and all that you own.
וְכִלְכַּלְתִּי אֹֽתְךָ שָׁם כִּי־עוֹד חָמֵשׁ שָׁנִים רָעָב פֶּן־תִּוָּרֵשׁ אַתָּה וּבֵֽיתְךָ וְכׇל־אֲשֶׁר־לָֽךְ׃
I will provide for you there, since there will be another five years of famine; lest you become impoverished together with your household and all that is yours.
I will provide for you there, since there will be another five years of famine; lest you become impoverished together with your household and all that is yours.
Rashi
פן תורש. דִּלְמָא תִּתְמַסְכַּן, לְשׁוֹן מוֹרִישׁ וּמַעֲשִׁיר:
וְהִנֵּה עֵֽינֵיכֶם רֹאוֹת וְעֵינֵי אָחִי בִנְיָמִין כִּי־פִי הַֽמְדַבֵּר אֲלֵיכֶֽם׃
Behold, your eyes see it along with my brother Binyomin’s eyes, that I speak to you with my own mouth.
Behold, your eyes see it along with my brother Binyomin’s eyes, that I speak to you with my own mouth.
Rashi
והנה עיניכם ראות. בִּכְבוֹדִי, וְשֶׁאֲנִי אֲחִיכֶם שֶׁאֲנִי מָהוּל כָּכֶם, וְעוֹד, כי פי המדבר אליכם בִּלְשׁוֹן הַקֹּדֶשׁ (בראשית רבה):
ועיני אחי בנימין. הִשְׁוָה אֶת כֻּלָּם יַחַד לוֹמַר, שֶׁכְּשֵׁם שֶׁאֵין לִי שִׂנְאָה עַל בִּנְיָמִין אָחִי, שֶׁהֲרֵי לֹא הָיָה בִמְכִירָתִי, כָּךְ אֵין בְּלִבִּי שִׂנְאָה עֲלֵיכֶם:
וְהִגַּדְתֶּם לְאָבִי אֶת־כׇּל־כְּבוֹדִי בְּמִצְרַיִם וְאֵת כׇּל־אֲשֶׁר רְאִיתֶם וּמִֽהַרְתֶּם וְהוֹרַדְתֶּם אֶת־אָבִי הֵֽנָּה׃
Tell my father of all my honor in Egypt, and all that you saw. Hurry and bring my father down here.
Tell my father of all my honor in Egypt, and all that you saw. Hurry and bring my father down here.
וַיִּפֹּל עַל־צַוְּארֵי בִנְיָֽמִן־אָחִיו וַיֵּבְךְּ וּבִנְיָמִן בָּכָה עַל־צַוָּארָֽיו׃
He [then] fell upon his brother Binyomin’s neck and wept, and Binyomin wept upon his neck.
He [then] fell upon his brother Binyomin’s neck and wept, and Binyomin wept upon his neck.
Rashi
ויפל על צוארי בנימין אחיו ויבך. עַל שְׁנֵי מִקְדָּשׁוֹת שֶׁעֲתִידִין לִהְיוֹת בְּחֶלְקוֹ שֶׁל בִּנְיָמִין וְסוֹפָן לֵחָרֵב:
ובנימין בכה על צואריו. עַל מִשְׁכַּן שִׁילֹה שֶׁעָתִיד לִהְיוֹת בְּחֶלְקוֹ שֶׁל יוֹסֵף וְסוֹפוֹ לֵחָרֵב (שם):
וַיְנַשֵּׁק לְכׇל־אֶחָיו וַיֵּבְךְּ עֲלֵהֶם וְאַחֲרֵי כֵן דִּבְּרוּ אֶחָיו אִתּֽוֹ׃
He kissed all his brothers and wept upon [their necks]. After that his brothers spoke with him.
He kissed all his brothers and wept upon [their necks]. After that his brothers spoke with him.
Rashi
ואחרי כן. מֵאַחַר שֶׁרָאוּהוּ בוֹכֶה וְלִבּוֹ שָׁלֵם עִמָּהֶם דברו אחיו אתו שֶׁמִּתְּחִלָּה הָיוּ בוֹשִׁים מִמֶּנּוּ:
וְהַקֹּל נִשְׁמַע בֵּית פַּרְעֹה לֵאמֹר בָּאוּ אֲחֵי יוֹסֵף וַיִּיטַב בְּעֵינֵי פַרְעֹה וּבְעֵינֵי עֲבָדָֽיו׃
The news was heard in Pharaoh’s house that Yoseif’s brothers had come. This was good [news] in the eyes of Pharaoh and in the eyes of his servants.
The news was heard in Pharaoh’s house that Yoseif’s brothers had come. This was good [news] in the eyes of Pharaoh and in the eyes of his servants.
Rashi
והקל נשמע בית פרעה. כְּמוֹ בְּבֵית פַּרְעֹה, וְזֶהוּ לְשׁוֹן בַּיִת מַמָּשׁ:
וַיֹּאמֶר פַּרְעֹה אֶל־יוֹסֵף אֱמֹר אֶל־אַחֶיךָ זֹאת עֲשׂוּ טַֽעֲנוּ אֶת־בְּעִירְכֶם וּלְכוּ־בֹאוּ אַרְצָה כְּנָֽעַן׃
Pharaoh said to Yoseif, Tell your brothers to do this: load up your beasts, and go and enter the land of Canaan.
Pharaoh said to Yoseif, Tell your brothers to do this: load up your beasts, and go and enter the land of Canaan.
Rashi
טענו את בעירכם. תְּבוּאָה:
וּקְחוּ אֶת־אֲבִיכֶם וְאֶת־בָּתֵּיכֶם וּבֹאוּ אֵלָי וְאֶתְּנָה לָכֶם אֶת־טוּב אֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם וְאִכְלוּ אֶת־חֵלֶב הָאָֽרֶץ׃
Bring your father and your households and come to me; and I will give you the best of the land of Egypt. You will eat of the fat of the land.
Bring your father and your households and come to me; and I will give you the best of the land of Egypt. You will eat of the fat of the land.
Rashi
את טוב ארץ מצרים. אֶרֶץ גֹּשֶׁן, נִבָּא וְאֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ מַה נִּבָּא, סוֹפָם לַעֲשׂוֹתָהּ כִּמְצוּלָה שֶׁאֵין בָּהּ דָּגִים:
חלב הארץ. כָּל חֵלֶב לְשׁוֹן מֵיטַב הוּא:
וְאַתָּה צֻוֵּיתָה זֹאת עֲשׂוּ קְחוּ־לָכֶם מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם עֲגָלוֹת לְטַפְּכֶם וְלִנְשֵׁיכֶם וּנְשָׂאתֶם אֶת־אֲבִיכֶם וּבָאתֶֽם׃
Now you are commanded [to order (your) brothers to] do the following: Take wagons from the land of Egypt for your little ones and for your wives. Bring your father and come.
Now you are commanded [to order (your) brothers to] do the following: Take wagons from the land of Egypt for your little ones and for your wives. Bring your father and come.
Rashi
ואתה צויתה. מִפִּי, לוֹמַר לָהֶם:
זאת עשו. כָּךְ אֱמֹר לָהֶם, שֶׁבִּרְשׁוּתִי הוּא:
וְעֵינְכֶם אַל־תָּחֹס עַל־כְּלֵיכֶם כִּי־טוּב כׇּל־אֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם לָכֶם הֽוּא׃
Do not be concerned with your belongings, for the best of Egypt is yours,
Do not be concerned with your belongings, for the best of Egypt is yours,
וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־כֵן בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיִּתֵּן לָהֶם יוֹסֵף עֲגָלוֹת עַל־פִּי פַרְעֹה וַיִּתֵּן לָהֶם צֵדָה לַדָּֽרֶךְ׃
The sons of Yisrael did so. Yoseif gave them wagons by order of Pharaoh, and he gave them provisions for the journey.
The sons of Yisrael did so. Yoseif gave them wagons by order of Pharaoh, and he gave them provisions for the journey.
לְכֻלָּם נָתַן לָאִישׁ חֲלִפוֹת שְׂמָלֹת וּלְבִנְיָמִן נָתַן שְׁלֹשׁ מֵאוֹת כֶּסֶף וְחָמֵשׁ חֲלִפֹת שְׂמָלֹֽת׃
To each of them, he gave a change of clothing. To Binyomin he gave three hundred silver pieces and five changes of clothing.
To each of them, he gave a change of clothing. To Binyomin he gave three hundred silver pieces and five changes of clothing.
וּלְאָבִיו שָׁלַח כְּזֹאת עֲשָׂרָה חֲמֹרִים נֹשְׂאִים מִטּוּב מִצְרָיִם וְעֶשֶׂר אֲתֹנֹת נֹֽשְׂאֹת בָּר וָלֶחֶם וּמָזוֹן לְאָבִיו לַדָּֽרֶךְ׃
To his father he sent the following: Ten male donkeys loaded with the best of Egypt, and ten female donkeys loaded with grain, bread, and food for his father for the journey.
To his father he sent the following: Ten male donkeys loaded with the best of Egypt, and ten female donkeys loaded with grain, bread, and food for his father for the journey.
Rashi
שלח כזאת. כַּחֶשְׁבּוֹן הַזֶּה, וּמַהוּ הַחֶשְׁבּוֹן? עשרה חמרים וגו':
מטוב מצרים. מָצִינוּ בַתַּלְמוּד שֶׁשָּׁלַח לוֹ יַיִן יָשָׁן שֶׁדַּעַת זְקֵנִים נוֹחָה הֵימֶנּוּ, וּמִדְרַשׁ אַגָּדָה גְּרִיסִין שֶׁל פּוּל:
בר ולחם. כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ:
ומזון. לִפְתָּן:
וַיְשַׁלַּח אֶת־אֶחָיו וַיֵּלֵכוּ וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵהֶם אַֽל־תִּרְגְּזוּ בַּדָּֽרֶךְ׃
He sent his brothers off and they went. He said to them, Do not be troubled along the way.
He sent his brothers off and they went. He said to them, Do not be troubled along the way.
Rashi
אל תרגזו בדרך. אַל תִּתְעַסְּקוּ בִּדְבַר הֲלָכָה שֶׁלֹּא תִרְגַּז עֲלֵיכֶם הַדֶּרֶךְ, דָּ"אַ אַל תַּפְסִיעוּ פְסִיעָה גַסָּה וְהִכָּנְסוּ בַחַמָּה לָעִיר; וּלְפִי פְשׁוּטוֹ שֶׁל מִקְרָא יֵשׁ לוֹמַר, לְפִי שֶׁהָיוּ נִכְלָמִים, הָיָה דוֹאֵג, שֶׁמָּא יָרִיבוּ בַדֶּרֶךְ עַל דְּבַר מְכִירָתוֹ, לְהִתְוַכֵּחַ זֶה עִם זֶה וְלוֹמַר עַל יָדְךָ נִמְכַּר, אַתָּה סִפַּרְתָּ לָשׁוֹן הָרָע עָלָיו, וְגָרַמְתָּ לָנוּ לִשְׂנֹאתוֹ:
וַֽיַּעֲלוּ מִמִּצְרָיִם וַיָּבֹאוּ אֶרֶץ כְּנַעַן אֶֽל־יַעֲקֹב אֲבִיהֶֽם׃
They went up from Egypt, and they came to the land of Canaan, to their father Yaakov.
They went up from Egypt, and they came to the land of Canaan, to their father Yaakov.
וַיַּגִּדוּ לוֹ לֵאמֹר עוֹד יוֹסֵף חַי וְכִֽי־הוּא מֹשֵׁל בְּכׇל־אֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם וַיָּפׇג לִבּוֹ כִּי לֹא־הֶאֱמִין לָהֶֽם׃
They told him saying, Yoseif is still alive, and he is ruler of all the land of Egypt. His [Yaakov’s] heart stood still, for he could not believe them.
They told him saying, Yoseif is still alive, and he is ruler of all the land of Egypt. His [Yaakov’s] heart stood still, for he could not believe them.
Rashi
וכי הוא משל. וַאֲשֶׁר הוּא מוֹשֵׁל:
ויפג לבו. נֶחֱלַף לִבּוֹ וְהָלַךְ מִלְּהַאֲמִין, לֹא הָיָה לִבּוֹ פוֹנֶה אֶל הַדְּבָרִים, לְשׁוֹן מְפִיגִין טַעֲמָן בִּלְשׁוֹן מִשְׁנָה וּכְמוֹ מֵאֵין הֲפֻגוֹת (איכה ג'), וְרֵיחוֹ לֹא נָמָר (ירמיהו מ"ח), מְתַּרְגְּמִינַן וְרֵיחֵיהּ לָא פָג:
וַיְדַבְּרוּ אֵלָיו אֵת כׇּל־דִּבְרֵי יוֹסֵף אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר אֲלֵהֶם וַיַּרְא אֶת־הָעֲגָלוֹת אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַח יוֹסֵף לָשֵׂאת אֹתוֹ וַתְּחִי רוּחַ יַעֲקֹב אֲבִיהֶֽם׃
They told him all the words of Yoseif which he had spoken to them, and he saw the wagons that Yoseif had sent to carry him. [Then] the spirit of their father Yaakov was revived.
They told him all the words of Yoseif which he had spoken to them, and he saw the wagons that Yoseif had sent to carry him. [Then] the spirit of their father Yaakov was revived.
Rashi
את כל דברי יוסף. סִימָן מָסַר לָהֶם בַּמֶּה הָיָה עוֹסֵק כְּשֶׁפֵּרֵשׁ מִמֶּנּוּ – בְּפָרָשַׁת עֶגְלָה עֲרוּפָה, זֶהוּ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וירא את העגלות אשר שלח יוסף, וְלֹא נֶאֱמַר אֲשֶׁר שָׁלַח פַּרְעֹה:
ותחי רוח יעקב. שָׁרְתָה עָלָיו שְׁכִינָה, שֶׁפֵּרְשָׁה מִמֶּנּוּ:
וַיֹּאמֶר יִשְׂרָאֵל רַב עוֹד־יוֹסֵף בְּנִי חָי אֵֽלְכָה וְאֶרְאֶנּוּ בְּטֶרֶם אָמֽוּת׃
Yisrael said, It is too much ! My son Yoseif still lives. I will go and see him before I die.
Yisrael said, It is too much ! My son Yoseif still lives. I will go and see him before I die.
Rashi
רב. רַב לִי עוֹד שִׂמְחָה וְחֶדְוָה הוֹאִיל וְעוֹד יוֹסֵף בְּנִי חַי:
Bereshit 46
וַיִּסַּע יִשְׂרָאֵל וְכׇל־אֲשֶׁר־לוֹ וַיָּבֹא בְּאֵרָה שָּׁבַע וַיִּזְבַּח זְבָחִים לֵאלֹהֵי אָבִיו יִצְחָֽק׃
Yisrael journeyed with all that he possessed, and he came to Beer Sheva. He offered sacrifices [there] to the God of his father Yitzchok.
Yisrael journeyed with all that he possessed, and he came to Beer Sheva. He offered sacrifices [there] to the God of his father Yitzchok.
Rashi
בארה שבע. כְּמוֹ לִבְאֵר שֶׁבַע; הֵ"א בְּסוֹף תֵּבָה בִּמְקוֹם לָמֶ"ד בִּתְּחִלָּתָהּ:
לאלהי אביו יצחק. חַיָּב אָדָם בִּכְבוֹד אָבִיו יוֹתֵר מִבִּכְבוֹד זְקֵנוֹ, לְפִיכָךְ תָּלָה בְּיִצְחָק וְלֹא בְאַבְרָהָם:
וַיֹּאמֶר אֱלֹהִים ׀ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל בְּמַרְאֹת הַלַּיְלָה וַיֹּאמֶר יַעֲקֹב ׀ יַעֲקֹב וַיֹּאמֶר הִנֵּֽנִי׃
Elohim said to Yisrael in a night vision, and He said, Yaakov, Yaakov. And he said, Here I am.
Elohim said to Yisrael in a night vision, and He said, Yaakov, Yaakov. And he said, Here I am.
Rashi
יעקב יעקב. לְשׁוֹן חִבָּה:
וַיֹּאמֶר אָנֹכִי הָאֵל אֱלֹהֵי אָבִיךָ אַל־תִּירָא מֵרְדָה מִצְרַיְמָה כִּֽי־לְגוֹי גָּדוֹל אֲשִֽׂימְךָ שָֽׁם׃
He said I am the Almighty, God of your father. Do not be afraid to do down to Egypt, for there I will make you into a great nation.
He said I am the Almighty, God of your father. Do not be afraid to do down to Egypt, for there I will make you into a great nation.
Rashi
אל תירא מרדה מצרימה. לְפִי שֶׁהָיָה מֵצֵר עַל שֶׁנִּזְקָק לָצֵאת לְחוּצָה לָאָרֶץ:
אָנֹכִי אֵרֵד עִמְּךָ מִצְרַיְמָה וְאָנֹכִי אַֽעַלְךָ גַם־עָלֹה וְיוֹסֵף יָשִׁית יָדוֹ עַל־עֵינֶֽיךָ׃
I will go down with you to Egypt, and I will also surely bring you up again. Yoseif shall place his hand upon your eyes.
I will go down with you to Egypt, and I will also surely bring you up again. Yoseif shall place his hand upon your eyes.
Rashi
ואנכי אעלך. הִבְטִיחוֹ לִהְיוֹת נִקְבָּר בָּאָרֶץ:
וַיָּקׇם יַעֲקֹב מִבְּאֵר שָׁבַע וַיִּשְׂאוּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת־יַעֲקֹב אֲבִיהֶם וְאֶת־טַפָּם וְאֶת־נְשֵׁיהֶם בָּעֲגָלוֹת אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַח פַּרְעֹה לָשֵׂאת אֹתֽוֹ׃
Yaakov rose up from Beer Sheva. The sons of Yisrael transported their father Yaakov, their children, their wives in the wagons that Pharaoh had sent to carry him.
Yaakov rose up from Beer Sheva. The sons of Yisrael transported their father Yaakov, their children, their wives in the wagons that Pharaoh had sent to carry him.
וַיִּקְחוּ אֶת־מִקְנֵיהֶם וְאֶת־רְכוּשָׁם אֲשֶׁר רָֽכְשׁוּ בְּאֶרֶץ כְּנַעַן וַיָּבֹאוּ מִצְרָיְמָה יַעֲקֹב וְכׇל־זַרְעוֹ אִתּֽוֹ׃
They took their livestock and their possessions that they had acquired in the land of Canaan, and they came to Egypt; Yaakov and all his descendants with him.
They took their livestock and their possessions that they had acquired in the land of Canaan, and they came to Egypt; Yaakov and all his descendants with him.
Rashi
אשר רכשו בארץ כנען. אֲבָל מַה שֶּׁרָכַשׁ בְּפַדַּן אֲרָם נָתַן הַכֹּל לְעֵשָׂו בִּשְׁבִיל חֶלְקוֹ בִּמְעָרַת הַמַּכְפֵּלָה; אָמַר נִכְסֵי חוּצָה לָאָרֶץ אֵינָן כְּדַאי לִי, וְזֶהוּ אֲשֶׁר כָּרִיתִי לִי, הֶעֱמִיד לוֹ צִבּוּרִין שֶׁל זָהָב וָכֶסֶף כְּמִין כְּרִי וְאָמַר לוֹ טֹל אֶת אֵלּוּ:
בָּנָיו וּבְנֵי בָנָיו אִתּוֹ בְּנֹתָיו וּבְנוֹת בָּנָיו וְכׇל־זַרְעוֹ הֵבִיא אִתּוֹ מִצְרָֽיְמָה׃ {ס}
His sons and grandsons were with him. His daughters and his granddaughters, and all his descendants he brought with him to Egypt.
His sons and grandsons were with him. His daughters and his granddaughters, and all his descendants he brought with him to Egypt.
Rashi
ובנות בניו. סֶרַח בַּת אָשֵׁר וְיוֹכֶבֶד בַּת לֵוִי:
וְאֵלֶּה שְׁמוֹת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל הַבָּאִים מִצְרַיְמָה יַעֲקֹב וּבָנָיו בְּכֹר יַעֲקֹב רְאוּבֵֽן׃
These are the names of the sons of Yisrael who were coming to Egypt, Yaakov and his sons. The firstborn of Yaakov was Reuvein.
These are the names of the sons of Yisrael who were coming to Egypt, Yaakov and his sons. The firstborn of Yaakov was Reuvein.
Rashi
הבאים מצרימה. עַל שֵׁם הַשָּׁעָה קוֹרֵא לָהֶם הַכָּתוּב בָּאִים, וְאֵין לִתְמֹהַּ עַל אֲשֶׁר לֹא כָתַב אֲשֶׁר בָּאוּ:
וּבְנֵי רְאוּבֵן חֲנוֹךְ וּפַלּוּא וְחֶצְרֹן וְכַרְמִֽי׃
The sons of Reuvein [were]: Chanoch, Phallu, Chetzron and Carmi.
The sons of Reuvein [were]: Chanoch, Phallu, Chetzron and Carmi.
וּבְנֵי שִׁמְעוֹן יְמוּאֵל וְיָמִין וְאֹהַד וְיָכִין וְצֹחַר וְשָׁאוּל בֶּן־הַֽכְּנַעֲנִֽית׃
The sons, of Shimon [were]: Yemueil, Yamin, Ohad, Yachin, Tzochar and Shaul, the son of the Canaanite woman.
The sons, of Shimon [were]: Yemueil, Yamin, Ohad, Yachin, Tzochar and Shaul, the son of the Canaanite woman.
Rashi
בן הכנענית. בֶּן דִּינָה שֶׁנִּבְעֲלָה לִכְנַעֲנִי; כְשֶׁהָרְגוּ אֶת שְׁכֶם לֹא הָיְתָה דִּינָה רוֹצָה לָצֵאת עַד שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּע לָהּ שִׁמְעוֹן שֶׁיִּשָּׂאֶנָּה (בראשית רבה):
וּבְנֵי לֵוִי גֵּרְשׁוֹן קְהָת וּמְרָרִֽי׃
The sons of Leivi [were] Gershon, Kehas and Merari.
The sons of Leivi [were] Gershon, Kehas and Merari.
וּבְנֵי יְהוּדָה עֵר וְאוֹנָן וְשֵׁלָה וָפֶרֶץ וָזָרַח וַיָּמׇת עֵר וְאוֹנָן בְּאֶרֶץ כְּנַעַן וַיִּהְיוּ בְנֵי־פֶרֶץ חֶצְרֹן וְחָמֽוּל׃
The sons of Yehudah [were]: Eir, Onan, Sheiloh, Peretz and Zorach. Eir and Onan died in the land of Canaan. The sons of Peretz were Chetzron and Chamul.
The sons of Yehudah [were]: Eir, Onan, Sheiloh, Peretz and Zorach. Eir and Onan died in the land of Canaan. The sons of Peretz were Chetzron and Chamul.
וּבְנֵי יִשָּׂשכָר תּוֹלָע וּפֻוָה וְיוֹב וְשִׁמְרֹֽן׃
The sons of Yissachar [were]: Tolah, Phuvah, Yov and Shimron.
The sons of Yissachar [were]: Tolah, Phuvah, Yov and Shimron.
וּבְנֵי זְבֻלוּן סֶרֶד וְאֵלוֹן וְיַחְלְאֵֽל׃
The sons of Zevulun [were]: Sered, Eilon and Yachle’eil.
The sons of Zevulun [were]: Sered, Eilon and Yachle’eil.
אֵלֶּה ׀ בְּנֵי לֵאָה אֲשֶׁר יָֽלְדָה לְיַעֲקֹב בְּפַדַּן אֲרָם וְאֵת דִּינָה בִתּוֹ כׇּל־נֶפֶשׁ בָּנָיו וּבְנוֹתָיו שְׁלֹשִׁים וְשָׁלֹֽשׁ׃
These are the sons of Leah that she bore to Yaakov in Padan Aram, along with his daughter Deenah. All the souls of his sons and daughters were thirty-three.
These are the sons of Leah that she bore to Yaakov in Padan Aram, along with his daughter Deenah. All the souls of his sons and daughters were thirty-three.
Rashi
אלה בני לאה, ואת דינה בתו. הַזְּכָרִים תָּלָה בְלֵאָה וְהַנְּקֵבוֹת תָּלָה בְיַעֲקֹב, לְלַמֶּדְךָ, אִשָּׁה מַזְרַעַת תְּחִלָּה יוֹלֶדֶת זָכָר, אִישׁ מַזְרִיעַ תְּחִלָּה יוֹלֶדֶת נְקֵבָה:
שלשים ושלש. וּבִפְרָטָן אִי אַתָּה מוֹצֵא אֶלָּא שְׁלֹשִׁים וּשְׁנַיִם, אֶלָּא זוֹ יוֹכֶבֶד שֶׁנּוֹלְדָה בֵין הַחוֹמוֹת בִּכְנִיסָתָן לָעִיר, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר אֲשֶׁר יָלְדָה אֹתָהּ לְלֵוִי בְּמִצְרָיִם – לֵדָתָהּ בְּמִצְרַיִם וְאֵין הוֹרָתָהּ בְּמִצְרַיִם:
וּבְנֵי גָד צִפְיוֹן וְחַגִּי שׁוּנִי וְאֶצְבֹּן עֵרִי וַֽאֲרוֹדִי וְאַרְאֵלִֽי׃
The sons of Gad [were]: Tzifyon, Chagi, Shuni, Etzbon, Eiri, Arodi, and Areili.
The sons of Gad [were]: Tzifyon, Chagi, Shuni, Etzbon, Eiri, Arodi, and Areili.
וּבְנֵי אָשֵׁר יִמְנָה וְיִשְׁוָה וְיִשְׁוִי וּבְרִיעָה וְשֶׂרַח אֲחֹתָם וּבְנֵי בְרִיעָה חֶבֶר וּמַלְכִּיאֵֽל׃
The sons of Asher [were]: Yimnah, Yishvah, Yishvi, and Beriah, and their sister, Serach. The sons of Beriah [were]: Chever and Malki’eil.
The sons of Asher [were]: Yimnah, Yishvah, Yishvi, and Beriah, and their sister, Serach. The sons of Beriah [were]: Chever and Malki’eil.
אֵלֶּה בְּנֵי זִלְפָּה אֲשֶׁר־נָתַן לָבָן לְלֵאָה בִתּוֹ וַתֵּלֶד אֶת־אֵלֶּה לְיַעֲקֹב שֵׁשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה נָֽפֶשׁ׃
These are the sons of Zilpah, whom Lavan gave to his daughter, Leah. She bore these to Yaakov, sixteen souls.
These are the sons of Zilpah, whom Lavan gave to his daughter, Leah. She bore these to Yaakov, sixteen souls.
בְּנֵי רָחֵל אֵשֶׁת יַעֲקֹב יוֹסֵף וּבִנְיָמִֽן׃
The sons of Rochel, Yaakov’s wife [were]: Yoseif and Binyomin.
The sons of Rochel, Yaakov’s wife [were]: Yoseif and Binyomin.
Rashi
בני רחל אשת יעקב. וּבְכֻלָּן לֹא נֶאֱמַר בָּהֶן אֵשֶׁת, אֶלָּא שֶׁהָיְתָה עִקָּרוֹ שֶׁל בַּיִת:
וַיִּוָּלֵד לְיוֹסֵף בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם אֲשֶׁר יָֽלְדָה־לּוֹ אָֽסְנַת בַּת־פּוֹטִי פֶרַע*(בספרי תימן פּֽוֹטִיפֶרַע בתיבה אחת) כֹּהֵן אֹן אֶת־מְנַשֶּׁה וְאֶת־אֶפְרָֽיִם׃
In the land of Egypt, [sons] were born to Yoseif, which were born to him by Osnas, daughter of Poti Phera, priest of On; [they were] Menasheh and Ephraim.
In the land of Egypt, [sons] were born to Yoseif, which were born to him by Osnas, daughter of Poti Phera, priest of On; [they were] Menasheh and Ephraim.
וּבְנֵי בִנְיָמִן בֶּלַע וָבֶכֶר וְאַשְׁבֵּל גֵּרָא וְנַעֲמָן אֵחִי וָרֹאשׁ מֻפִּים וְחֻפִּים וָאָֽרְדְּ׃
The sons of Binyomin [were]: Bela, Becher, Ashbeil, Geiroh, Naamon, Eichi, Rosh, Muppim, Chuppim and Ard.
The sons of Binyomin [were]: Bela, Becher, Ashbeil, Geiroh, Naamon, Eichi, Rosh, Muppim, Chuppim and Ard.
אֵלֶּה בְּנֵי רָחֵל אֲשֶׁר יֻלַּד לְיַעֲקֹב כׇּל־נֶפֶשׁ אַרְבָּעָה עָשָֽׂר׃
These are the sons of Rochel that she bore to Yaakov. All the souls were fourteen.
These are the sons of Rochel that she bore to Yaakov. All the souls were fourteen.
וּבְנֵי־דָן חֻשִֽׁים׃
The sons of Don [were] Chushim.
The sons of Don [were] Chushim.
וּבְנֵי נַפְתָּלִי יַחְצְאֵל וְגוּנִי וְיֵצֶר וְשִׁלֵּֽם׃
The sons of Naftali were: Yachtze’eil, Guni, Yeitzer and Shileim.
The sons of Naftali were: Yachtze’eil, Guni, Yeitzer and Shileim.
אֵלֶּה בְּנֵי בִלְהָה אֲשֶׁר־נָתַן לָבָן לְרָחֵל בִּתּוֹ וַתֵּלֶד אֶת־אֵלֶּה לְיַעֲקֹב כׇּל־נֶפֶשׁ שִׁבְעָֽה׃
These are the sons of Bilhah whom Lavan gave to his daughter Rochel. She bore these to Yaakov, seven souls in all.
These are the sons of Bilhah whom Lavan gave to his daughter Rochel. She bore these to Yaakov, seven souls in all.
כׇּל־הַנֶּפֶשׁ הַבָּאָה לְיַעֲקֹב מִצְרַיְמָה יֹצְאֵי יְרֵכוֹ מִלְּבַד נְשֵׁי בְנֵי־יַעֲקֹב כׇּל־נֶפֶשׁ שִׁשִּׁים וָשֵֽׁשׁ׃
All the souls coming with Yaakov to Egypt, who came out of his loins, not counting the wives of Yaakov’s sons, all the souls totaled sixty-six.
All the souls coming with Yaakov to Egypt, who came out of his loins, not counting the wives of Yaakov’s sons, all the souls totaled sixty-six.
Rashi
כל הנפש הבאה ליעקב. שֶׁיָּצְאוּ מֵאֶרֶץ כְּנַעַן לָבֹא לְמִצְרַיִם; וְאֵין "הַבָּאָה" זוֹ לְשׁוֹן עָבָר אֶלָּא לְשׁוֹן הוֹוֶה, כְּמוֹ בָּעֶרֶב הִיא בָאָה (אסתר ב' ד'), וּכְמוֹ וְהִנֵּה רָחֵל בִּתּוֹ בָּאָה עִם הַצֹּאן (בראשית כ"ט), לְפִיכָךְ טַעְמוֹ לְמַטָּה בָּאָלֶ"ף, לְפִי שֶׁכְּשֶׁיָּצְאוּ לָבֹא מֵאֶרֶץ כְּנַעַן לֹא הָיוּ אֶלָּא שִׁשִּׁים וָשֵׁשׁ, וְהַשֵּׁנִי, כָּל הַנֶּפֶשׁ לְבֵית יַעֲקֹב הַבָּאָה מִצְרַיְמָה שִׁבְעִים – הוּא לְשׁוֹן עָבָר, לְפִיכָךְ טַעְמוֹ לְמַעְלָה בַּבֵּי"ת, לְפִי שֶׁמִּשֶּׁבָּאוּ שָׁם הָיוּ שִׁבְעִים, שֶׁמָּצְאוּ שָׁם יוֹסֵף וּשְׁנֵי בָנָיו, וְנִתּוֹסְפָה לָהֶם יוֹכֶבֶד בֵּין הַחוֹמוֹת. וּלְדִבְרֵי הָאוֹמֵר תְּאוֹמוֹת נוֹלְדוּ עִם הַשְּׁבָטִים, צְרִיכִים אָנוּ לוֹמַר שֶׁמֵּתוּ לִפְנֵי יְרִידָתָן לְמִצְרַיִם, שֶׁהֲרֵי לֹא נִמְנוּ כָאן; מָצָאתִי בְּוַיִּקְרָא רַבָּה, עֵשָׂו שֵׁשׁ נְפָשׁוֹת הָיוּ לוֹ, וְהַכָּתוּב קוֹרֵא אוֹתָן נַפְשׁוֹת בֵּיתוֹ, לְשׁוֹן רַבִּים, לְפִי שֶׁהָיוּ עוֹבְדִין לֶאֱלֹהוּת הַרְבֵּה; יַעֲקֹב שִׁבְעִים הָיוּ לוֹ, וְהַכָּתוּב קוֹרֵא אוֹתָן נֶפֶשׁ, לְפִי שֶׁהָיָה עוֹבְדִים לְאֵל אֶחָד:
וּבְנֵי יוֹסֵף אֲשֶׁר־יֻלַּד־לוֹ בְמִצְרַיִם נֶפֶשׁ שְׁנָיִם כׇּל־הַנֶּפֶשׁ לְבֵֽית־יַעֲקֹב הַבָּאָה מִצְרַיְמָה שִׁבְעִֽים׃ {ס}
The sons of Yoseif who were born to him in Egypt were [another] two souls. All the souls of the house of Yaakov that came to Egypt were seventy.
The sons of Yoseif who were born to him in Egypt were [another] two souls. All the souls of the house of Yaakov that came to Egypt were seventy.
וְאֶת־יְהוּדָה שָׁלַח לְפָנָיו אֶל־יוֹסֵף לְהוֹרֹת לְפָנָיו גֹּשְׁנָה וַיָּבֹאוּ אַרְצָה גֹּֽשֶׁן׃
He [Yaakov] sent Yehudah ahead of him to Yoseif, so that he might direct him to Goshen. They then came to the land of Goshen.
He [Yaakov] sent Yehudah ahead of him to Yoseif, so that he might direct him to Goshen. They then came to the land of Goshen.
Rashi
להורת לפניו. כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ, לְפַנּוֹת לוֹ מָקוֹם, וּלְהוֹרוֹת הֵיאַךְ יִתְיַשֵּׁב בָּהּ:
לפניו. קֹדֶם שֶׁיַּגִּיַע לְשָׁם. וּמִדְרַשׁ אַגָּדָה לְהוֹרוֹת לְפָנָיו – לְתַקֵּן לוֹ בֵּית תַּלְמוּד שֶׁמִּשָּׁם תֵּצֵא הוֹרָאָה:
וַיֶּאְסֹר יוֹסֵף מֶרְכַּבְתּוֹ וַיַּעַל לִקְרַֽאת־יִשְׂרָאֵל אָבִיו גֹּשְׁנָה וַיֵּרָא אֵלָיו וַיִּפֹּל עַל־צַוָּארָיו וַיֵּבְךְּ עַל־צַוָּארָיו עֽוֹד׃
Yoseif harnessed his chariot, and went up to greet his father, Yisrael in Goshen. [When] he appeared before him, he fell on his neck, and wept on his neck for a long time.
Yoseif harnessed his chariot, and went up to greet his father, Yisrael in Goshen. [When] he appeared before him, he fell on his neck, and wept on his neck for a long time.
Rashi
ויאסר יוסף מרכבתו. הוּא עַצְמוֹ אָסַר אֶת הַסּוּסִים לַמֶּרְכָּבָה לְהִזְדָּרֵז לִכְבוֹד אָבִיו:
וירא אליו. יוֹסֵף נִרְאָה אֶל אָבִיו:
ויבך על צואריו עוד. לְשׁוֹן הַרְבּוֹת בְּכִיָּה, וְכֵן כִּי לֹא עַל אִישׁ יָשִׂים עוֹד (איוב ל"ד), לְשׁוֹן רִבּוּי הוּא – אֵינוֹ שָׂם עָלָיו עֲלִילוֹת נוֹסָפוֹת עַל חֲטָאָיו; אַף כָּאן הִרְבָּה וְהוֹסִיף בִּבְכִי יוֹתֵר עַל הָרָגִיל; אֲבָל יַעֲקֹב לֹא נָפַל עַל צַוְּארֵי יוֹסֵף וְלֹא נְשָׁקוֹ, וְאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ, שֶׁהָיָה קוֹרֵא אֶת שְׁמַע:
וַיֹּאמֶר יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶל־יוֹסֵף אָמוּתָה הַפָּעַם אַחֲרֵי רְאוֹתִי אֶת־פָּנֶיךָ כִּי עוֹדְךָ חָֽי׃
Yisrael said to Yoseif, Now I can die; after I have seen your face that you are alive.
Yisrael said to Yoseif, Now I can die; after I have seen your face that you are alive.
Rashi
אמותה הפעם. פְּשׁוּטוֹ כְתַרְגּוּמוֹ. וּמִדְרָשׁוֹ סָבוּר הָיִיתִי לָמוּת שְׁתֵּי מִיתוֹת, בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה וְלָעוֹלָם הַבָּא, שֶׁנִּסְתַּלְּקָה מִמֶּנִּי שְׁכִינָה, וְהָיִיתִי אוֹמֵר שֶׁיִּתְבָּעֵנִי הַקָּבָּ"ה מִיתָתְךָ, עַכְשָׁו שֶׁעוֹדְךָ חַי, לֹא אָמוּת אֶלָּא פַעַם אַחַת:
וַיֹּאמֶר יוֹסֵף אֶל־אֶחָיו וְאֶל־בֵּית אָבִיו אֶעֱלֶה וְאַגִּידָה לְפַרְעֹה וְאֹֽמְרָה אֵלָיו אַחַי וּבֵית־אָבִי אֲשֶׁר בְּאֶֽרֶץ־כְּנַעַן בָּאוּ אֵלָֽי׃
Yoseif said to his brothers and to his father’s household, I will go up and tell Pharaoh. I will say to him, My brothers and my father’s household, who were in the land of Canaan, have come to me.
Yoseif said to his brothers and to his father’s household, I will go up and tell Pharaoh. I will say to him, My brothers and my father’s household, who were in the land of Canaan, have come to me.
Rashi
ואמרה אליו אחי וגו'. וְעוֹד אֹמַר לוֹ, והאנשים רועי צאן וגו':
וְהָאֲנָשִׁים רֹעֵי צֹאן כִּֽי־אַנְשֵׁי מִקְנֶה הָיוּ וְצֹאנָם וּבְקָרָם וְכׇל־אֲשֶׁר לָהֶם הֵבִֽיאוּ׃
The men are shepherds, for they are owners of livestock. Their sheep, their cattle, and all their possessions, they have brought [with them.]
The men are shepherds, for they are owners of livestock. Their sheep, their cattle, and all their possessions, they have brought [with them.]
וְהָיָה כִּֽי־יִקְרָא לָכֶם פַּרְעֹה וְאָמַר מַה־מַּעֲשֵׂיכֶֽם׃
And when Pharaoh calls you, and says, What is your occupation,
And when Pharaoh calls you, and says, What is your occupation,
וַאֲמַרְתֶּם אַנְשֵׁי מִקְנֶה הָיוּ עֲבָדֶיךָ מִנְּעוּרֵינוּ וְעַד־עַתָּה גַּם־אֲנַחְנוּ גַּם־אֲבֹתֵינוּ בַּעֲבוּר תֵּשְׁבוּ בְּאֶרֶץ גֹּשֶׁן כִּֽי־תוֹעֲבַת מִצְרַיִם כׇּל־רֹעֵה צֹֽאן׃
You should say, Your servants have been livestock owners from our youth until now, we and our fathers; so that you will be able to settle in the land of Goshen, since every shepherd is abhorrent to Egypt.
You should say, Your servants have been livestock owners from our youth until now, we and our fathers; so that you will be able to settle in the land of Goshen, since every shepherd is abhorrent to Egypt.
Rashi
בעבור תשבו בארץ גשן. וְהִיא צְרִיכָה לָכֶם שֶׁהִיא אֶרֶץ מִרְעֶה, וּכְשֶׁתֹּאמְרוּ לוֹ שֶׁאֵין אַתֶּם בְּקִיאִין בִּמְלָאכָה אַחֶרֶת, יַרְחִיקְכֶם מֵעָלָיו וְיוֹשִׁיבְכֶם שָׁם:
כי תועבת מצרים כל רועה צאן. לְפִי שֶׁהֵם לָהֶם אֱלֹהוּת:
Bereshit 47
וַיָּבֹא יוֹסֵף וַיַּגֵּד לְפַרְעֹה וַיֹּאמֶר אָבִי וְאַחַי וְצֹאנָם וּבְקָרָם וְכׇל־אֲשֶׁר לָהֶם בָּאוּ מֵאֶרֶץ כְּנָעַן וְהִנָּם בְּאֶרֶץ גֹּֽשֶׁן׃
Yoseif came and told Pharaoh, and he said, My father, and my brothers, their sheep, their cattle, and all their possessions, have come from the land of Canaan, and they are now in the land of Goshen.
Yoseif came and told Pharaoh, and he said, My father, and my brothers, their sheep, their cattle, and all their possessions, have come from the land of Canaan, and they are now in the land of Goshen.
וּמִקְצֵה אֶחָיו לָקַח חֲמִשָּׁה אֲנָשִׁים וַיַּצִּגֵם לִפְנֵי פַרְעֹֽה׃
From among his brothers, he took five men, and he presented them to Pharaoh.
From among his brothers, he took five men, and he presented them to Pharaoh.
Rashi
ומקצה אחיו. מִן הַפְּחוּתִים שֶׁבָּהֶם לִגְבוּרָה, שֶׁאֵין נִרְאִים גִּבּוֹרִים, שֶׁאִם יִרְאֶה אוֹתָם גִּבּוֹרִים יַעֲשֶׂה אוֹתָם אַנְשֵׁי מִלְחַמְתּוֹ, וְאֵלֶּה הֵם: רְאוּבֵן, שִׁמְעוֹן, לֵוִי, יִשָּׂשכָר וּבִנְיָמִין – אוֹתָן שֶׁלֹּא כָּפַל מֹשֶׁה שְׁמוֹתָם כְּשֶׁבֵּרְכָן; אֲבָל שְׁמוֹת הַגִּבּוֹרִים כָּפַל וְזֹאת לִיהוּדָה שְׁמַע ה' קוֹל יְהוּדָה; וּלְגָד אָמַר בָּרוּךְ מַרְחִיב גָּד; וּלְנַפְתָּלִי אָמַר נַפְתָּלִי, וּלְדָן אָמַר דָּן, וְכֵן לִזְבוּלוּן, וְכֵן לְאָשֵׁר; זֶהוּ לְשׁוֹן בְּ"רַ, שֶׁהִיא אַגָּדַת אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל. אֲבָל בְּתַלְמוּד בַּבְלִית שֶׁלָּנוּ (בבא קמא צ"ב) מָצִינוּ, שֶׁאוֹתָן שֶׁכָּפַל מֹשֶׁה שְׁמוֹתָן הֵם הַחַלָּשִׁים, וְאוֹתָן הֵבִיא לִפְנֵי פַרְעֹה, וִיהוּדָה שֶׁהֻכְפַּל שְׁמוֹ לֹא הֻכְפַּל מִשּׁוּם חַלָּשׁוּת, אֶלָּא טַעַם יֵשׁ בַּדָּבָר, כִּדְאִיתָא בְּבָ"קַ וּבְבָרַיְתָא דְּסִפְרֵי שָׁנִינוּ בָהּ בִּוְזֹאת הַבְּרָכָה, כְּמוֹ תַּלְמוּד שֶׁלָּנוּ:
וַיֹּאמֶר פַּרְעֹה אֶל־אֶחָיו מַה־מַּעֲשֵׂיכֶם וַיֹּאמְרוּ אֶל־פַּרְעֹה רֹעֵה צֹאן עֲבָדֶיךָ גַּם־אֲנַחְנוּ גַּם־אֲבוֹתֵֽינוּ׃
Pharaoh said to his brothers, What is your occupation? They said to Pharaoh, Your servants are shepherds, we and our fathers.
Pharaoh said to his brothers, What is your occupation? They said to Pharaoh, Your servants are shepherds, we and our fathers.
וַיֹּאמְרוּ אֶל־פַּרְעֹה לָגוּר בָּאָרֶץ בָּאנוּ כִּי־אֵין מִרְעֶה לַצֹּאן אֲשֶׁר לַעֲבָדֶיךָ כִּֽי־כָבֵד הָרָעָב בְּאֶרֶץ כְּנָעַן וְעַתָּה יֵֽשְׁבוּ־נָא עֲבָדֶיךָ בְּאֶרֶץ גֹּֽשֶׁן׃
They said to Pharaoh, We have come to live in the land temporarily, since there is no pasture for your servant’s flocks, because the famine is severe in the land of Canaan. Now then, please let your servants settle in the land of Goshen.
They said to Pharaoh, We have come to live in the land temporarily, since there is no pasture for your servant’s flocks, because the famine is severe in the land of Canaan. Now then, please let your servants settle in the land of Goshen.
וַיֹּאמֶר פַּרְעֹה אֶל־יוֹסֵף לֵאמֹר אָבִיךָ וְאַחֶיךָ בָּאוּ אֵלֶֽיךָ׃
Pharaoh said to Yoseif, Your father and your brothers have come to you.
Pharaoh said to Yoseif, Your father and your brothers have come to you.
אֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם לְפָנֶיךָ הִוא בְּמֵיטַב הָאָרֶץ הוֹשֵׁב אֶת־אָבִיךָ וְאֶת־אַחֶיךָ יֵשְׁבוּ בְּאֶרֶץ גֹּשֶׁן וְאִם־יָדַעְתָּ וְיֶשׁ־בָּם אַנְשֵׁי־חַיִל וְשַׂמְתָּם שָׂרֵי מִקְנֶה עַל־אֲשֶׁר־לִֽי׃
The land of Egypt is before you. In the best of the land, settle your father and your brothers. Let them settle in the land of Goshen. If you know of capable men among them, appoint them livestock officers over my [herds.]
The land of Egypt is before you. In the best of the land, settle your father and your brothers. Let them settle in the land of Goshen. If you know of capable men among them, appoint them livestock officers over my [herds.]
Rashi
אנשי חיל. בְּקִיאִין בְּאֻמָּנוּתָן לִרְעוֹת צֹאן:
על אשר לי. עַל צֹאן שֶׁלִּי:
וַיָּבֵא יוֹסֵף אֶת־יַֽעֲקֹב אָבִיו וַיַּֽעֲמִדֵהוּ לִפְנֵי פַרְעֹה וַיְבָרֶךְ יַעֲקֹב אֶת־פַּרְעֹֽה׃
Yoseif [then] brought in Yaakov, his father, and presented him to Pharaoh; and Yaakov blessed Pharaoh.
Yoseif [then] brought in Yaakov, his father, and presented him to Pharaoh; and Yaakov blessed Pharaoh.
Rashi
ויברך יעקב. הִיא שְׁאִילַת שָׁלוֹם כְּדֶרֶךְ כָּל הַנִּרְאִים לִפְנֵי הַמְּלָכִים לִפְרָקִים, שלו"איר בְּלַעַז:
וַיֹּאמֶר פַּרְעֹה אֶֽל־יַעֲקֹב כַּמָּה יְמֵי שְׁנֵי חַיֶּֽיךָ׃
Pharaoh said to Yaakov, How many are the years of your life?
Pharaoh said to Yaakov, How many are the years of your life?
וַיֹּאמֶר יַעֲקֹב אֶל־פַּרְעֹה יְמֵי שְׁנֵי מְגוּרַי שְׁלֹשִׁים וּמְאַת שָׁנָה מְעַט וְרָעִים הָיוּ יְמֵי שְׁנֵי חַיַּי וְלֹא הִשִּׂיגוּ אֶת־יְמֵי שְׁנֵי חַיֵּי אֲבֹתַי בִּימֵי מְגוּרֵיהֶֽם׃
Yaakov said to Pharaoh, The years of my temporary residence are one hundred and thirty years. Few and troublesome have been the days of my life. I have not attained the years of my father’s lives, in the days of their temporary residence.
Yaakov said to Pharaoh, The years of my temporary residence are one hundred and thirty years. Few and troublesome have been the days of my life. I have not attained the years of my father’s lives, in the days of their temporary residence.
Rashi
שני מגורי. יְמֵי גֵרוּתִי; כָּל יָמַי הָיִיתִי גֵּר בָּאָרֶץ:
ולא השיגו. בְּטוֹבָה:
וַיְבָרֶךְ יַעֲקֹב אֶת־פַּרְעֹה וַיֵּצֵא מִלִּפְנֵי פַרְעֹֽה׃
Yaakov blessed Pharaoh, and left Pharaoh’s presence.
Yaakov blessed Pharaoh, and left Pharaoh’s presence.
Rashi
ויברך יעקב. כְּדֶרֶךְ כָּל הַנִּפְטָרִים מִלִּפְנֵי שָׂרִים מְבָרְכִים אוֹתָם וְנוֹטְלִים רְשׁוּת, וּמַה בְּרָכָה בֵּרְכוֹ? שֶׁיַּעֲלֶה נִילוּס לְרַגְלָיו, לְפִי שֶׁאֵין מִצְרַיִם שׁוֹתָה מֵי גְשָׁמִים אֶלָּא נִילוּס עוֹלֶה וּמַשְׁקֶה, וּמִבִּרְכָתוֹ שֶׁל יַעֲקֹב וָאֵילָךְ הָיָה פַרְעֹה בָא אֶל נִילוּס וְהוּא עוֹלֶה לִקְרָאתוֹ וּמַשְׁקֶה אֶת הָאָרֶץ (תַּנְחוּמָא):
וַיּוֹשֵׁב יוֹסֵף אֶת־אָבִיו וְאֶת־אֶחָיו וַיִּתֵּן לָהֶם אֲחֻזָּה בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם בְּמֵיטַב הָאָרֶץ בְּאֶרֶץ רַעְמְסֵס כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה פַרְעֹֽה׃
Yoseif settled his father and his brothers, and gave them a possession in the land of Egypt, in the best part of the land, in the land of Ramseis, as Pharaoh had ordered.
Yoseif settled his father and his brothers, and gave them a possession in the land of Egypt, in the best part of the land, in the land of Ramseis, as Pharaoh had ordered.
Rashi
רעמסס. מֵאֶרֶץ גֹּשֶׁן הִיא:
וַיְכַלְכֵּל יוֹסֵף אֶת־אָבִיו וְאֶת־אֶחָיו וְאֵת כׇּל־בֵּית אָבִיו לֶחֶם לְפִי הַטָּֽף׃
Yoseif provided his father, his brothers, and all his father’s household with bread according to [the needs of] the children.
Yoseif provided his father, his brothers, and all his father’s household with bread according to [the needs of] the children.
Rashi
לפי הטף. לְפִי הַצָּרִיךְ לְכָל בְּנֵי בֵיתָם:
וְלֶחֶם אֵין בְּכׇל־הָאָרֶץ כִּֽי־כָבֵד הָרָעָב מְאֹד וַתֵּלַהּ אֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם וְאֶרֶץ כְּנַעַן מִפְּנֵי הָרָעָֽב׃
There was no bread in all the land, for the famine was very severe. The land of Egypt, and Canaan were worn out because of the famine.
There was no bread in all the land, for the famine was very severe. The land of Egypt, and Canaan were worn out because of the famine.
Rashi
ולחם אין בכל הארץ. חוֹזֵר לָעִנְיָן הָרִאשׁוֹן – לִתְחִלַּת שְׁנֵי הָרָעָב:
ותלה. כְּמוֹ וַתִּלְאֶה, לְשׁוֹן עֲיֵפוּת, כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ; וְדוֹמֶה לוֹ כְּמִתְלַהְלֵהַּ הַיֹּרֶה זִקִּים (משלי כ"ו):
וַיְלַקֵּט יוֹסֵף אֶת־כׇּל־הַכֶּסֶף הַנִּמְצָא בְאֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרַיִם וּבְאֶרֶץ כְּנַעַן בַּשֶּׁבֶר אֲשֶׁר־הֵם שֹׁבְרִים וַיָּבֵא יוֹסֵף אֶת־הַכֶּסֶף בֵּיתָה פַרְעֹֽה׃
Yoseif gathered up all the money that was to be found in the land of Egypt, and in the land of Canaan, through the purchases they made. Yoseif brought the money to the house of Pharaoh.
Yoseif gathered up all the money that was to be found in the land of Egypt, and in the land of Canaan, through the purchases they made. Yoseif brought the money to the house of Pharaoh.
Rashi
בשבר אשר הם שברים. נוֹתְנִין לוֹ אֶת הַכֶּסֶף:
וַיִּתֹּם הַכֶּסֶף מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם וּמֵאֶרֶץ כְּנַעַן וַיָּבֹאוּ כׇל־מִצְרַיִם אֶל־יוֹסֵף לֵאמֹר הָֽבָה־לָּנוּ לֶחֶם וְלָמָּה נָמוּת נֶגְדֶּךָ כִּי אָפֵס כָּֽסֶף׃
When the money was used up in the land of Egypt, and in the land of Canaan, all [the people of] Egypt came to Yoseif, saying, Give us bread; why should we die in your presence, [just] because there is no money?
When the money was used up in the land of Egypt, and in the land of Canaan, all [the people of] Egypt came to Yoseif, saying, Give us bread; why should we die in your presence, [just] because there is no money?
Rashi
אפס. כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ שְׁלִים:
וַיֹּאמֶר יוֹסֵף הָבוּ מִקְנֵיכֶם וְאֶתְּנָה לָכֶם בְּמִקְנֵיכֶם אִם־אָפֵס כָּֽסֶף׃
Yoseif said, Bring your livestock, and I will give you [food] [in exchange] for your livestock if there is no more money.
Yoseif said, Bring your livestock, and I will give you [food] [in exchange] for your livestock if there is no more money.
וַיָּבִיאוּ אֶת־מִקְנֵיהֶם אֶל־יוֹסֵף וַיִּתֵּן לָהֶם יוֹסֵף לֶחֶם בַּסּוּסִים וּבְמִקְנֵה הַצֹּאן וּבְמִקְנֵה הַבָּקָר וּבַחֲמֹרִים וַיְנַהֲלֵם בַּלֶּחֶם בְּכׇל־מִקְנֵהֶם בַּשָּׁנָה הַהִֽוא׃
They brought their livestock to Yoseif, and Yoseif gave them bread [in exchange] for their horses, their flocks of sheep, their herds of cattle and their donkeys. He tended them with bread in exchange for all their livestock, in that year.
They brought their livestock to Yoseif, and Yoseif gave them bread [in exchange] for their horses, their flocks of sheep, their herds of cattle and their donkeys. He tended them with bread in exchange for all their livestock, in that year.
Rashi
וינהלם. כְּמוֹ וַיְנַהֲגֵם, וְדוֹמֶה לוֹ אֵין מְנַהֵל לָהּ (ישעיהו נ"א), עַל מֵי מְנֻחוֹת יְנַהֲלֵנִי (תהילים כ"ג):
וַתִּתֹּם הַשָּׁנָה הַהִוא וַיָּבֹאוּ אֵלָיו בַּשָּׁנָה הַשֵּׁנִית וַיֹּאמְרוּ לוֹ לֹֽא־נְכַחֵד מֵֽאֲדֹנִי כִּי אִם־תַּם הַכֶּסֶף וּמִקְנֵה הַבְּהֵמָה אֶל־אֲדֹנִי לֹא נִשְׁאַר לִפְנֵי אֲדֹנִי בִּלְתִּי אִם־גְּוִיָּתֵנוּ וְאַדְמָתֵֽנוּ׃
That year came to an end. They came to him in the second year, and they said to him, We are holding nothing back from my master, for the money is used up, and the herds of cattle belong to my master. There is nothing left before my master except our bodies and our land.
That year came to an end. They came to him in the second year, and they said to him, We are holding nothing back from my master, for the money is used up, and the herds of cattle belong to my master. There is nothing left before my master except our bodies and our land.
Rashi
בשנה השנית. לִשְׁנֵי הָרָעָב:
כי אם תם הכסף וגו'. כִּי אֲשֶׁר תַּם הַכֶּסֶף וְהַמִּקְנֶה וּבָא הַכֹּל אֶל יַד אֲדוֹנִי:
בלתי אם גויתנו. כְּמוֹ אִם לֹא גְּוִיָּתֵנוּ:
לָמָּה נָמוּת לְעֵינֶיךָ גַּם־אֲנַחְנוּ גַּם אַדְמָתֵנוּ קְנֵֽה־אֹתָנוּ וְאֶת־אַדְמָתֵנוּ בַּלָּחֶם וְנִֽהְיֶה אֲנַחְנוּ וְאַדְמָתֵנוּ עֲבָדִים לְפַרְעֹה וְתֶן־זֶרַע וְנִֽחְיֶה וְלֹא נָמוּת וְהָאֲדָמָה לֹא תֵשָֽׁם׃
Why should we die before your eyes, both we and our land? Buy us and our land [in exchange] for bread. We and our land will become slaves to Pharaoh. Give us seed grain, let us live and not die, and let the land not become desolate.
Why should we die before your eyes, both we and our land? Buy us and our land [in exchange] for bread. We and our land will become slaves to Pharaoh. Give us seed grain, let us live and not die, and let the land not become desolate.
Rashi
ותן זרע. לִזְרֹעַ הָאֲדָמָה; וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאָמַר יוֹסֵף וְעוֹד חָמֵשׁ שָׁנִים אֲשֶׁר אֵין חָרִישׁ וְקָצִיר, מִכֵּיוָן שֶׁבָּא יַעֲקֹב לְמִצְרַיִם בָּאָה בְרָכָה לְרַגְלָיו וְהִתְחִיל לִזְרֹעַ, וְכָלָה הָרָעָב, וְכֵן שָׁנִינוּ בְּתוֹסֶפְתָּא דְּסוֹטָה:
לא תשם. לֹא תְהֵא שְׁמָמָה; לָא תְבוּר – לְשׁוֹן שְׂדֵה בּוּר, שֶׁאֵינוֹ חָרוּשׁ:
וַיִּקֶן יוֹסֵף אֶת־כׇּל־אַדְמַת מִצְרַיִם לְפַרְעֹה כִּֽי־מָכְרוּ מִצְרַיִם אִישׁ שָׂדֵהוּ כִּֽי־חָזַק עֲלֵהֶם הָרָעָב וַתְּהִי הָאָרֶץ לְפַרְעֹֽה׃
Yoseif bought all the land of Egypt for Pharaoh, for every Egyptian sold his field, because the famine was severe upon them. Thus the land became Pharaoh’s [property.]
Yoseif bought all the land of Egypt for Pharaoh, for every Egyptian sold his field, because the famine was severe upon them. Thus the land became Pharaoh’s [property.]
Rashi
ותהי הארץ לפרעה. קְנוּיָה לוֹ:
וְאֶת־הָעָם הֶעֱבִיר אֹתוֹ לֶעָרִים מִקְצֵה גְבוּל־מִצְרַיִם וְעַד־קָצֵֽהוּ׃
He [Yoseif] then transferred the people to cities, from one end of the border of Egypt to the other.
He [Yoseif] then transferred the people to cities, from one end of the border of Egypt to the other.
Rashi
ואת העם העביר. יוֹסֵף מֵעִיר לְעִיר לְזִכָּרוֹן, שֶׁאֵין לָהֶם עוֹד חֵלֶק בָּאָרֶץ, וְהוֹשִׁיב שֶׁל עִיר זוֹ בַחֲבֶרְתָּהּ, וְלֹא הֻצְרַךְ הַכָּתוּב לִכְתֹּב זֹאת אֶלָּא לְהוֹדִיעֲךָ שִׁבְחוֹ שֶׁל יוֹסֵף שֶׁנִּתְכַּוֵּן לְהָסִיר חֶרְפָּה מֵעַל אֶחָיו, שֶׁלֹא יִהְיוּ קוֹרִין אוֹתָם גּוֹלִים (חולין ס'):
מקצה גבול מצרים וגו'. כֵּן עָשָׂה לְכָל הֶעָרִים אֲשֶׁר בְּמַלְכוּת מִצְרַיִם, מִקְצֵה גְבוּלָהּ וְעַד קְצֵה גְבוּלָהּ:
רַק אַדְמַת הַכֹּהֲנִים לֹא קָנָה כִּי חֹק לַכֹּהֲנִים מֵאֵת פַּרְעֹה וְאָֽכְלוּ אֶת־חֻקָּם אֲשֶׁר נָתַן לָהֶם פַּרְעֹה עַל־כֵּן לֹא מָכְרוּ אֶת־אַדְמָתָֽם׃
But the land of the priests he did not buy, because the priests had an allotment from Pharaoh. They ate the allotment that Pharaoh gave them, and therefore they did not sell their land.
But the land of the priests he did not buy, because the priests had an allotment from Pharaoh. They ate the allotment that Pharaoh gave them, and therefore they did not sell their land.
Rashi
הכהנים. הַכּוּמָרִים, כָּל לְשׁוֹן כֹּהֵן מְשָׁרֵת לֶאֱלֹהוּת הוּא, חוּץ מֵאוֹתָן שֶׁהֵם לְשׁוֹן גְּדֻלָּה, כְּמוֹ כֹּהֵן מִדְיָן, כֹּהֵן אוֹן:
חק לכהנים. חֹק כָּךְ וְכָךְ לֶחֶם לַיּוֹם:
וַיֹּאמֶר יוֹסֵף אֶל־הָעָם הֵן קָנִיתִי אֶתְכֶם הַיּוֹם וְאֶת־אַדְמַתְכֶם לְפַרְעֹה הֵֽא־לָכֶם זֶרַע וּזְרַעְתֶּם אֶת־הָאֲדָמָֽה׃
Yoseif said to the people, Behold, I have today purchased you and your lands for Pharaoh. Here is seed, plant [it in] the soil.
Yoseif said to the people, Behold, I have today purchased you and your lands for Pharaoh. Here is seed, plant [it in] the soil.
Rashi
הא. כְּמוֹ הִנֵּה, כְּמוֹ וְגַם אֲנִי הֵא דַּרְכֵּךְ בְּרֹאשׁ נָתַתִּי (יחזקאל ט"ז):
וְהָיָה בַּתְּבוּאֹת וּנְתַתֶּם חֲמִישִׁית לְפַרְעֹה וְאַרְבַּע הַיָּדֹת יִהְיֶה לָכֶם לְזֶרַע הַשָּׂדֶה וּֽלְאׇכְלְכֶם וְלַאֲשֶׁר בְּבָתֵּיכֶם וְלֶאֱכֹל לְטַפְּכֶֽם׃
When it produces you must give a fifth to Pharaoh. Four parts shall be yours for seed for your fields and for your food, and for those of your households, and for food for your little ones.
When it produces you must give a fifth to Pharaoh. Four parts shall be yours for seed for your fields and for your food, and for those of your households, and for food for your little ones.
Rashi
לזרע השדה. שֶׁבְּכָל שָׁנָה:
ולאשר בבתיכם. וְלֶאֱכֹל הָעֲבָדִים וְהַשְּׁפָחוֹת אֲשֶׁר בְּבָתֵּיכֶם:
לטפכם. בָּנִים קְטַנִּים:
וַיֹּאמְרוּ הֶחֱיִתָנוּ נִמְצָא־חֵן בְּעֵינֵי אֲדֹנִי וְהָיִינוּ עֲבָדִים לְפַרְעֹֽה׃
They said, You have saved our lives. May we find favor in the eyes of my master, and we will be slaves to Pharaoh.
They said, You have saved our lives. May we find favor in the eyes of my master, and we will be slaves to Pharaoh.
Rashi
נמצא חן. לַעֲשׂוֹת לָנוּ זֹאת כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמַרְתָּ:
והיינו עבדים לפרעה. לְהַעֲלוֹת לוֹ הַמַּס הַזֶּה בְּכָל שָׁנָה:
וַיָּשֶׂם אֹתָהּ יוֹסֵף לְחֹק עַד־הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה עַל־אַדְמַת מִצְרַיִם לְפַרְעֹה לַחֹמֶשׁ רַק אַדְמַת הַכֹּֽהֲנִים לְבַדָּם לֹא הָיְתָה לְפַרְעֹֽה׃
Yoseif enacted a statute over the land of Egypt to this day, that a fifth belongs to Pharaoh. Except the land of the priests alone, did not belong to Pharaoh.
Yoseif enacted a statute over the land of Egypt to this day, that a fifth belongs to Pharaoh. Except the land of the priests alone, did not belong to Pharaoh.
Rashi
לחק. שֶׁלֹּא יַעֲבֹר:
וַיֵּשֶׁב יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם בְּאֶרֶץ גֹּשֶׁן וַיֵּאָחֲזוּ בָהּ וַיִּפְרוּ וַיִּרְבּוּ מְאֹֽד׃
Yisrael lived in the land of Egypt, in the land of Goshen. They acquired property there. They were fruitful and [their population] increased greatly.
Yisrael lived in the land of Egypt, in the land of Goshen. They acquired property there. They were fruitful and [their population] increased greatly.
Rashi
וישב ישראל בארץ מצרים. וְהֵיכָן? בְּאֶרֶץ גֹּשֶׁן שֶׁהִיא מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם:
(ויאחזו בה. לְשׁוֹן אֲחֻזָּה):
ויגש אליו וגומר … דבר באזני אדני. יִכָּנְסוּ דְּבָרַי בְּאָזְנֶיךָ: