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5:9

וַיִּתֵּן אֱלֹהִים חׇכְמָה לִשְׁלֹמֹה וּתְבוּנָה הַרְבֵּה מְאֹד וְרֹחַב לֵב כַּחוֹל אֲשֶׁר עַל־שְׂפַת הַיָּֽם׃

And God gave wisdom to Shlomo, also tremendous understanding and broadness of heart like the sand that is on the seashore.

And God gave wisdom to Shlomo, also tremendous understanding and broadness of heart like the sand that is on the seashore.

5:10

וַתֵּרֶב חׇכְמַת שְׁלֹמֹה מֵחׇכְמַת כׇּל־בְּנֵי־קֶדֶם וּמִכֹּל חׇכְמַת מִצְרָֽיִם׃

Shlomo’s wisdom was greater than the wisdom of all the Eastern people and all the wisdom of Mitzrayim.

Shlomo’s wisdom was greater than the wisdom of all the Eastern people and all the wisdom of Mitzrayim.

Rashi

מחכמת כל בני קדם. מה היא חכמת בני קדם, יודעים במזלות וכו' כדאיתא בפסיקתא דפרה אדומה, וכל הפרשה הזאת נדרשת שם לפי משמעה:

Than the wisdom of all the Eastern people. What was the wisdom of the children of the East? They were learned in the field of astronomy, etc. as it is [stated] in the Pesikta of Parah Adumah, and this entire chapter is expounded there according to its plain meaning.

5:11

וַיֶּחְכַּם מִכׇּל־הָאָדָם מֵאֵיתָן הָאֶזְרָחִי וְהֵימָן וְכַלְכֹּל וְדַרְדַּע בְּנֵי מָחוֹל וַיְהִֽי־שְׁמוֹ בְכׇֽל־הַגּוֹיִם סָבִֽיב׃

He was wiser than any man, [wiser] than Eison, the Ezrachite, and Heimon, Chalkol and Darda, the sons of Mochol. His name was known among all the nations around.

He was wiser than any man, [wiser] than Eison, the Ezrachite, and Heimon, Chalkol and Darda, the sons of Mochol. His name was known among all the nations around.

Rashi

ויחכם מכל האדם. כמשמעו:

He was wiser than any man. [To be understood] according to its plain meaning.4Alternatively, “he gained wisdom from every man,” as the Mishmah in Avos 4:1 states, “Who is wise? He who learns from every man.”

איתן והימן וכלכל ודרדע. אחין היו, בני זרח בן יהודה, שנאמר (בדברי הימים א ב ו): ובני זרח זמרי ואיתן (היו לוים משוררים):

Eison the Ezrachite and Heimon, Chalkol and Darda. They were brothers, the sons of Zerach son of Yehudah, as it is stated, “And the children of Zerach were Zimri and Eison [and Heimon and Chalkol and Dora]”5I Divrei Hayomim 2:6. (who were Leviyim who played musical instruments).

בני מחול. היו יודעים ליסד מזמורים האמורים במחולות שיר, שהיו הלוים אומרים על דוכנם מזמורים שיסדו בספר תהלים (מזמורים פח פט): משכיל לאיתן האזרחי; ומשכיל להימן האזרחי. מדרש אגדה בפסיקתא: מכל האדם, זה אדם הראשון, איתן האזרחי, זה אברהם, הימן, זה משה, וכלכל, זה יוסף, ודרדע, זה דור המדבר, מחול, שנמחל להם על מעשה העגל:

The sons of Mochol. They knew how to compose psalms which are recited with the accompaniment of dance and song; the Leviyim recited on their platform psalms which were composed in the book of Tehillim, [e.g.,] “An instruction of Eison the Ezrachi,”6Tehillim 89:1. [and,] “An instruction to Heimon the Ezrachi.”7Ibid. 88:1. The Midrash Aggadah in the Pesikta [expounds]: “Than all men,” refers to Adam; “Eison Ha’ezrachi,” refers to Avrohom; “Heimon,” refers to Moshe; “Chalkol,” refers to Yoseif; “Darda,” refers to the generation of the wilderness; “Mochol,” who were forgiven for the act of the golden calf.

5:12

וַיְדַבֵּר שְׁלֹשֶׁת אֲלָפִים מָשָׁל וַיְהִי שִׁירוֹ חֲמִשָּׁה וָאָֽלֶף׃

He articulated three thousand parables, and his songs numbered one thousand and five.

He articulated three thousand parables, and his songs numbered one thousand and five.

Rashi

שלשת אלפים משל. שלשת למודי משלות, שלש פעמים כתוב 'משלי שלמה' בספר משלי:

Three thousand parables. Three parabolical studies [=אלפים]. It is written three times, “the proverbs of Shlomo,” in the book of Mishlei.

ויהי שירו חמשה. שלשה אלה, ושיר השירים, וקהלת:

And his songs numbered [one thousand and] five. The above three, and Shir Hashirim and Koheles.

ואלף. בכל אחד כדי הוא ללמוד ומדרש אגדה (ערובין כא ב): שהיה אומר בכל פסוק שלשת אלפים משל, ועל כל משל, אלף וחמשה טעמים:

One thousand. Each on its own is worthy of studying [=ואלף]. The Midrash Aggadah [states that Shlomo’s wisdom] enabled him to say three thousand allegories for each verse, and for each of the allegories [he was able to say] one thousand and five reasons.8See Maseches Eruvin 21b.

5:13

וַיְדַבֵּר עַל־הָעֵצִים מִן־הָאֶרֶז אֲשֶׁר בַּלְּבָנוֹן וְעַד הָאֵזוֹב אֲשֶׁר יֹצֵא בַּקִּיר וַיְדַבֵּר עַל־הַבְּהֵמָה וְעַל־הָעוֹף וְעַל־הָרֶמֶשׂ וְעַל־הַדָּגִֽים׃

He spoke of trees, from the cedar tree of Levonon to the hyssop that grows out of the wall. He spoke of the animals and of the birds and of the creeping things and of the fish.

He spoke of trees, from the cedar tree of Levonon to the hyssop that grows out of the wall. He spoke of the animals and of the birds and of the creeping things and of the fish.

Rashi

וידבר על העצים. מה רפואת כל אחד, ועץ פלוני יפה לבנין פלוני, וליטע בקרקע פלונית וכן על הבהמה, מה רפואתה, ועיקר גדוליה ומאכלה ומדרש אגדה (ילקוט שמעוני רמז קעח): מה ראה מצורע ליטהר בגבוה שבגבוהים, ובנמוך שבנמוכים, ועל הבהמה ועל העוף, מה ראה זה להיות כשר בשחיטה בסימן אחד, וזה בשני סימנין, ודגים וחגבים בלא כלום:

He spoke of trees. Which medical remedy is derived from each [tree], and that a particular tree is best suited for that type of building or to be planted in a particular field. And similarly regarding to animals, what is its cure and the vital elements needed for its development and its food. The Midrash Aggadah [expounds]: Why did God see [fit] that a leper becomes ritually clean with the tallest of the tall [trees]9I.e., cedar tree. and the lowest of the low [trees]?10I.e., hyssop tree. “And of the animals and the fowl,” why did God see fit that this one11Fowl. should become permissible through Shechitah, by severing one organ,12The trachea or the esophagus. and this one,13E.g., cattle, etc. by [severing] both [organs],14The trachea and the esophagus. and fish and grasshoppers without anything [i.e., slaughtering].

5:14

וַיָּבֹאוּ מִכׇּל־הָעַמִּים לִשְׁמֹעַ אֵת חׇכְמַת שְׁלֹמֹה מֵאֵת כׇּל־מַלְכֵי הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר שָׁמְעוּ אֶת־חׇכְמָתֽוֹ׃ {ס}        

From all the nations, they came to hear the wisdom of Shlomo, from all the kings of the earth, who heard about his wisdom.

From all the nations, they came to hear the wisdom of Shlomo, from all the kings of the earth, who heard about his wisdom.

Texts

  • Hebrew: Miqra according to the Masorah · License: CC-BY-SA
  • English: The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J · License: CC-BY
  • Hebrew: On Your Way -- new · License: PD

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