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9:1

וֶֽאֱלִישָׁע הַנָּבִיא קָרָא לְאַחַד מִבְּנֵי הַנְּבִיאִים וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ חֲגֹר מׇתְנֶיךָ וְקַח פַּךְ הַשֶּׁמֶן הַזֶּה בְּיָדֶךָ וְלֵךְ רָמֹת גִּלְעָֽד׃

And Elisha the prophet called one of the children of the prophets, and said to him, Gird up thy loins, and take this flask of oil in thy hand, and go to Ramot-gil῾ad:

And Elisha the prophet called one of the children of the prophets, and said to him, Gird up thy loins, and take this flask of oil in thy hand, and go to Ramot-gil῾ad:

Rashi

ואלישע הנביא קרא וגו'. באותו הפרק שהיה יהורם חולה ביזרעאל:

Elisha the prophet called, etc. At the same time that Yehorom was ill in Yizre’el.

לאחד מבני הנביאים. יונה בן אמתי היה:

One of the prophets’ disciples. It was Yonah son of Amitai.

חגור מתניך. כל חגורת מתנים לשון זירוז גבורה הוא, לפי שהוא שלוח לדבר הסכנה (צריך זירוז):

“Gird you loins.” Every “girding of the loins” is an expression of hurry1See above 4:29, and Shemos 12:11. [and] might; because he was sent on a perilous mission (he needed to hurry).2Even though one who performs a mitzvah is ordinarily immune from any harm befalling him, this does not apply to exceptionally dangerous activities such as this. See Maseches Chulin 142a.

9:2

וּבָאתָ־שָּׁמָּה וּרְאֵה־שָׁם יֵהוּא בֶן־יְהוֹשָׁפָט בֶּן־נִמְשִׁי וּבָאתָ וַהֲקֵֽמֹתוֹ מִתּוֹךְ אֶחָיו וְהֵבֵיאתָ אֹתוֹ חֶדֶר בְּחָֽדֶר׃

and when thou comest there, look out there Yehu the son of Yehoshafat the son of Nimshi, and go in, and make him rise up from among his brethren, and carry him to an inner chamber;

and when thou comest there, look out there Yehu the son of Yehoshafat the son of Nimshi, and go in, and make him rise up from among his brethren, and carry him to an inner chamber;

9:3

וְלָקַחְתָּ פַךְ־הַשֶּׁמֶן וְיָצַקְתָּ עַל־רֹאשׁוֹ וְאָֽמַרְתָּ כֹּה־אָמַר יְהֹוָה מְשַׁחְתִּיךָ לְמֶלֶךְ אֶל־יִשְׂרָאֵל וּפָתַחְתָּ הַדֶּלֶת וְנַסְתָּה וְלֹא תְחַכֶּֽה׃

then take the flask of oil, and pour it on his head, and say, Thus says the Lord, I have anointed thee king over Yisra᾽el. Then open the door, and flee, and do not wait.

then take the flask of oil, and pour it on his head, and say, Thus says the Lord, I have anointed thee king over Yisra᾽el. Then open the door, and flee, and do not wait.

9:4

וַיֵּלֶךְ הַנַּעַר הַנַּעַר הַנָּבִיא רָמֹת גִּלְעָֽד׃

So the young man, namely, the young man, the prophet, went to Ramot-gil῾ad.

So the young man, namely, the young man, the prophet, went to Ramot-gil῾ad.

Rashi

הנער הנביא. נערו של אלישע הנביא, כך תרגם יונתן: ואזל עולימא תלמידא דנביא:

The lad, the prophet’s disciple. The disciple of Elisha the prophet,3Rashi is explaining the reason for the repetition of הַנַּעַר in this verse. so rendered [Targum] Yonoson, “and the lad, the disciple of the prophet, went.”4Alternatively, “and the lad, the lad who was a prophet [in his own right], went.”—Malbim

9:5

וַיָּבֹא וְהִנֵּה שָׂרֵי הַחַיִל יֹֽשְׁבִים וַיֹּאמֶר דָּבָר לִי אֵלֶיךָ הַשָּׂר וַיֹּאמֶר יֵהוּא אֶל־מִי מִכֻּלָּנוּ וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלֶיךָ הַשָּֽׂר׃

And when he came, behold, the captains of the host were sitting; and he said, I have an errand to thee, O captain. And Yehu said, To which of us all? And he said, To thee, O captain.

And when he came, behold, the captains of the host were sitting; and he said, I have an errand to thee, O captain. And Yehu said, To which of us all? And he said, To thee, O captain.

9:6

וַיָּקׇם וַיָּבֹא הַבַּיְתָה וַיִּצֹק הַשֶּׁמֶן אֶל־רֹאשׁוֹ וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ כֹּֽה־אָמַר יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מְשַׁחְתִּיךָ לְמֶלֶךְ אֶל־עַם יְהֹוָה אֶל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

And he arose, and went into the house; and he poured the oil on his head, and said to him, Thus says the Lord God of Yisra᾽el, I have anointed thee king over the people of the Lord, over Yisra᾽el.

And he arose, and went into the house; and he poured the oil on his head, and said to him, Thus says the Lord God of Yisra᾽el, I have anointed thee king over the people of the Lord, over Yisra᾽el.

9:7

וְהִכִּיתָה אֶת־בֵּית אַחְאָב אֲדֹנֶיךָ וְנִקַּמְתִּי דְּמֵי ׀ עֲבָדַי הַנְּבִיאִים וּדְמֵי כׇּל־עַבְדֵי יְהֹוָה מִיַּד אִיזָֽבֶל׃

And thou shalt smite the house of Aĥ᾽av thy master, that I may avenge the blood of my servants the prophets, and the blood of all the servants of the Lord, at the hand of Izevel.

And thou shalt smite the house of Aĥ᾽av thy master, that I may avenge the blood of my servants the prophets, and the blood of all the servants of the Lord, at the hand of Izevel.

9:8

וְאָבַד כׇּל־בֵּית אַחְאָב וְהִכְרַתִּי לְאַחְאָב מַשְׁתִּין בְּקִיר וְעָצוּר וְעָזוּב בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

For the whole house of Aĥ᾽av shall perish: and I will cut off from Aĥ᾽av every male person, and him that is shut up and him that is left free in Yisra᾽el:

For the whole house of Aĥ᾽av shall perish: and I will cut off from Aĥ᾽av every male person, and him that is shut up and him that is left free in Yisra᾽el:

9:9

וְנָֽתַתִּי אֶת־בֵּית אַחְאָב כְּבֵית יָרׇבְעָם בֶּן־נְבָט וּכְבֵית בַּעְשָׁא בֶן־אֲחִיָּֽה׃

and I will make the house of Aĥ᾽av like the house of Yorov῾am the son of Nevat, and like the house of Ba῾asha the son of Aĥiyya:

and I will make the house of Aĥ᾽av like the house of Yorov῾am the son of Nevat, and like the house of Ba῾asha the son of Aĥiyya:

9:10

וְאֶת־אִיזֶבֶל יֹאכְלוּ הַכְּלָבִים בְּחֵלֶק יִזְרְעֶאל וְאֵין קֹבֵר וַיִּפְתַּח הַדֶּלֶת וַיָּנֹֽס׃

and the dogs shall eat Izevel in the portion of Yizre῾el, and there shall be none to bury her. And he opened the door, and fled.

and the dogs shall eat Izevel in the portion of Yizre῾el, and there shall be none to bury her. And he opened the door, and fled.

9:11

וְיֵהוּא יָצָא אֶל־עַבְדֵי אֲדֹנָיו וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ הֲשָׁלוֹם מַדּוּעַ בָּֽא־הַמְשֻׁגָּע הַזֶּה אֵלֶיךָ וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵיהֶם אַתֶּם יְדַעְתֶּם אֶת־הָאִישׁ וְאֶת־שִׂיחֽוֹ׃

Then Yehu came out to the servants of his lord: and one said to him, Is all well? why did this mad fellow come to thee? And he said to them, you know the man, and his way of talking.

Then Yehu came out to the servants of his lord: and one said to him, Is all well? why did this mad fellow come to thee? And he said to them, you know the man, and his way of talking.

Rashi

אתם ידעתם את האיש. אתם מכירים את האיש, שהוא משוגע:

“You know the man.” You recognize the man, that he is insane.5Occasionally, prophets under the influence of prophecy lost control of themselves and acted strangely.—Metzudas Dovid. See I Shmuel 19:24. Also, followers of the Baal were making these derogatory remarks about the prophet.—Radak

9:12

וַיֹּאמְרוּ שֶׁקֶר הַגֶּד־נָא לָנוּ וַיֹּאמֶר כָּזֹאת וְכָזֹאת אָמַר אֵלַי לֵאמֹר כֹּה אָמַר יְהֹוָה מְשַׁחְתִּיךָ לְמֶלֶךְ אֶל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

And they said, It is false; tell us now. And he said, Thus and thus spoke he to me, saying, Thus says the Lord, I have anointed thee king over Yisra᾽el.

And they said, It is false; tell us now. And he said, Thus and thus spoke he to me, saying, Thus says the Lord, I have anointed thee king over Yisra᾽el.

Rashi

ויאמרו שקר. אתה אומר, מעלים אתה מה שאמר לך:

They said, “That is a lie.” [What] you are saying; you are hiding what he said to you.6Yeihu wanted to conceal the prophecy and wait for a more opportune time to reveal it.

9:13

וַֽיְמַהֲרוּ וַיִּקְחוּ אִישׁ בִּגְדוֹ וַיָּשִׂימוּ תַחְתָּיו אֶל־גֶּרֶם הַֽמַּעֲלוֹת וַֽיִּתְקְעוּ בַּשּׁוֹפָר וַיֹּאמְרוּ מָלַךְ יֵהֽוּא׃

Then they hastened, and took every man his garment, and put it under him on the top of the stairs, and blew with the shofar, saying, Yehu is king.

Then they hastened, and took every man his garment, and put it under him on the top of the stairs, and blew with the shofar, saying, Yehu is king.

Rashi

אל גרם המעלות. (תרגום:) על דרג שעיא, כמין מעלות עשויות למול שעות היום, לדעת על כל שעה ושעה, כשהצל יורד שעה אחת. גרם, אורלי"ו בלע"ז, לשון פגם, וה'גרמה' שבהלכות שחיטה, מן הלשון הזה הוא, ששורט והולך ויורד, ונראה כמין גבשושית למעלה:

On the top step. (Targum) [Yonoson rendered,] עַל דְּרַג שָׁעַיָּא7Our text reads לִדְּרַג שָׁrַיָּא [=on the step of the hours], a type of steps made corresponding to the hours of the day,8I.e., the steps were a type of a sundial, each step representing one hour of the day. to know each hour, when the shade descends one hour. גֶּרֶם, ourle, in O.F., an expression of a notch. “הַגְרָמָה,” pertaining to the laws of שְׁחִיטָה [=ritual slaughtering] is from this derivation, that one slaughters in a straight line, and then [cuts] downwards, making an appearance of a mound above.

9:14

וַיִּתְקַשֵּׁר יֵהוּא בֶּן־יְהוֹשָׁפָט בֶּן־נִמְשִׁי אֶל־יוֹרָם וְיוֹרָם הָיָה שֹׁמֵר בְּרָמֹת גִּלְעָד הוּא וְכׇל־יִשְׂרָאֵל מִפְּנֵי חֲזָאֵל מֶלֶךְ־אֲרָֽם׃

So Yehu the son of Yehoshafat the son of Nimshi conspired against Yoram. (Now Yoram had been guarding Ramot-gil῾ad, he and all Yisra᾽el, because of Ḥaza᾽el king of Aram.

So Yehu the son of Yehoshafat the son of Nimshi conspired against Yoram. (Now Yoram had been guarding Ramot-gil῾ad, he and all Yisra᾽el, because of Ḥaza᾽el king of Aram.

9:15

וַיָּשׇׁב יְהוֹרָם הַמֶּלֶךְ לְהִתְרַפֵּא בְיִזְרְעֶאל מִן־הַמַּכִּים אֲשֶׁר יַכֻּהוּ אֲרַמִּים בְּהִלָּחֲמוֹ אֶת־חֲזָאֵל מֶלֶךְ אֲרָם וַיֹּאמֶר יֵהוּא אִם־יֵשׁ נַפְשְׁכֶם אַל־יֵצֵא פָלִיט מִן־הָעִיר לָלֶכֶת (לגיד) [לְהַגִּיד] בְּיִזְרְעֶֽאל׃

But king Yoram was returned to be healed in Yizre῾el of the wounds which the Arammim had given him, when he fought with Ḥaza᾽el king of Aram.) And Yehu said, If this be your mind, then let none go out or escape from the city to go to tell it in Yizre῾el.

But king Yoram was returned to be healed in Yizre῾el of the wounds which the Arammim had given him, when he fought with Ḥaza᾽el king of Aram.) And Yehu said, If this be your mind, then let none go out or escape from the city to go to tell it in Yizre῾el.

Rashi

אם יש נפשכם. שאמלוך:

“If you really want.” That I reign.

מן העיר. מן רמות גלעד:

The city. From Ramos-Gilod.

לגיד. כמו להגיד:

[To] report. [לַגִּיד means the] same as לְהַגִּיד [=to tell].

9:16

וַיִּרְכַּב יֵהוּא וַיֵּלֶךְ יִזְרְעֶאלָה כִּי יוֹרָם שֹׁכֵב שָׁמָּה וַֽאֲחַזְיָה מֶלֶךְ יְהוּדָה יָרַד לִרְאוֹת אֶת־יוֹרָֽם׃

So Yehu rode in a chariot, and went to Yizre῾el; for Yoram lay there. And Aĥazya king of Yehuda had come down to see Yoram.

So Yehu rode in a chariot, and went to Yizre῾el; for Yoram lay there. And Aĥazya king of Yehuda had come down to see Yoram.

9:17

וְהַצֹּפֶה עֹמֵד עַֽל־הַמִּגְדָּל בְּיִזְרְעֶאל וַיַּרְא אֶת־שִׁפְעַת יֵהוּא בְּבֹאוֹ וַיֹּאמֶר שִׁפְעַת אֲנִי רֹאֶה וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוֹרָם קַח רַכָּב וּֽשְׁלַח לִקְרָאתָם וְיֹאמַר הֲשָׁלֽוֹם׃

And there stood a watchman on the tower in Yizre῾el, and he saw the company of Yehu as he came, and said, I see a company. And Yehoram said, Take a horseman, and send to meet them, and let him say, Is it peace?

And there stood a watchman on the tower in Yizre῾el, and he saw the company of Yehu as he came, and said, I see a company. And Yehoram said, Take a horseman, and send to meet them, and let him say, Is it peace?

Rashi

שפעת. גדוד:

Troop. Troop.9Alternatively, “a multitude of people.”—Ralbag

9:18

וַיֵּלֶךְ רֹכֵב הַסּוּס לִקְרָאתוֹ וַיֹּאמֶר כֹּֽה־אָמַר הַמֶּלֶךְ הֲשָׁלוֹם וַיֹּאמֶר יֵהוּא מַה־לְּךָ וּלְשָׁלוֹם סֹב אֶֽל־אַחֲרָי וַיַּגֵּד הַצֹּפֶה לֵאמֹר בָּא־הַמַּלְאָךְ עַד־הֵם וְלֹא־שָֽׁב׃

So there went one on horseback to meet him, and said, Thus says the king, Is it peace? And Yehu said, What hast thou to do with peace? turn round and ride behind me. And the watchman told, saying, The messenger came to them, but he does not return.

So there went one on horseback to meet him, and said, Thus says the king, Is it peace? And Yehu said, What hast thou to do with peace? turn round and ride behind me. And the watchman told, saying, The messenger came to them, but he does not return.

9:19

וַיִּשְׁלַח רֹכֵב סוּס שֵׁנִי וַיָּבֹא אֲלֵהֶם וַיֹּאמֶר כֹּה־אָמַר הַמֶּלֶךְ שָׁלוֹם וַיֹּאמֶר יֵהוּא מַה־לְּךָ וּלְשָׁלוֹם סֹב אֶֽל־אַחֲרָֽי׃

Then he sent out a second on horseback, who came to them, and said, Thus say the king, Is it peace? And Yehu answered, What hast thou to do with peace? turn round and ride behind me.

Then he sent out a second on horseback, who came to them, and said, Thus say the king, Is it peace? And Yehu answered, What hast thou to do with peace? turn round and ride behind me.

9:20

וַיַּגֵּד הַצֹּפֶה לֵאמֹר בָּא עַד־אֲלֵיהֶם וְלֹא־שָׁב וְהַמִּנְהָג כְּמִנְהַג יֵהוּא בֶן־נִמְשִׁי כִּי בְשִׁגָּעוֹן יִנְהָֽג׃

And the watchman told, saying, He came to them, and does not return: and the driving is like the driving of Yehu the son of Nimshi; for he drives furiously.

And the watchman told, saying, He came to them, and does not return: and the driving is like the driving of Yehu the son of Nimshi; for he drives furiously.

9:21

וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוֹרָם אֱסֹר וַיֶּאְסֹר רִכְבּוֹ וַיֵּצֵא יְהוֹרָם מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵל וַאֲחַזְיָהוּ מֶלֶךְ־יְהוּדָה אִישׁ בְּרִכְבּוֹ וַיֵּֽצְאוּ לִקְרַאת יֵהוּא וַיִּמְצָאֻהוּ בְּחֶלְקַת נָבוֹת הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִֽי׃

And Yehoram said, Harness. And they harnessed his chariot. And Yehoram king of Yisra᾽el and Aĥazyahu king of Yehuda went out, each in his chariot, and they went out against Yehu, and met him in the portion of Navot the Yizre῾elite.

And Yehoram said, Harness. And they harnessed his chariot. And Yehoram king of Yisra᾽el and Aĥazyahu king of Yehuda went out, each in his chariot, and they went out against Yehu, and met him in the portion of Navot the Yizre῾elite.

9:22

וַיְהִי כִּרְאוֹת יְהוֹרָם אֶת־יֵהוּא וַיֹּאמֶר הֲשָׁלוֹם יֵהוּא וַיֹּאמֶר מָה הַשָּׁלוֹם עַד־זְנוּנֵי אִיזֶבֶל אִמְּךָ וּכְשָׁפֶיהָ הָרַבִּֽים׃

And it came to pass, when Yehoram saw Yehu, that he said, Is it peace, Yehu? And he answered, What peace can there be, so long as the lewd practices of thy mother Izevel and her witchcrafts are so many?

And it came to pass, when Yehoram saw Yehu, that he said, Is it peace, Yehu? And he answered, What peace can there be, so long as the lewd practices of thy mother Izevel and her witchcrafts are so many?

9:23

וַיַּהֲפֹךְ יְהוֹרָם יָדָיו וַיָּנֹס וַיֹּאמֶר אֶל־אֲחַזְיָהוּ מִרְמָה אֲחַזְיָֽה׃

And Yehoram turned his hands, and fled, and said to Aĥazyahu, Treachery, Aĥazya.

And Yehoram turned his hands, and fled, and said to Aĥazyahu, Treachery, Aĥazya.

9:24

וְיֵהוּא מִלֵּא יָדוֹ בַקֶּשֶׁת וַיַּךְ אֶת־יְהוֹרָם בֵּין זְרֹעָיו וַיֵּצֵא הַחֵצִי מִלִּבּוֹ וַיִּכְרַע בְּרִכְבּֽוֹ׃

And Yehu drew a bow with his full strength, and smote Yehoram between his arms, and the arrows went out at his heart, and he sank down in his chariot.

And Yehu drew a bow with his full strength, and smote Yehoram between his arms, and the arrows went out at his heart, and he sank down in his chariot.

9:25

וַיֹּאמֶר אֶל־בִּדְקַר שָׁלִשֹׁה שָׂא הַשְׁלִכֵהוּ בְּחֶלְקַת שְׂדֵה נָבוֹת הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִי כִּֽי־זְכֹר אֲנִי וָאַתָּה אֵת רֹכְבִים צְמָדִים אַֽחֲרֵי אַחְאָב אָבִיו וַֽיהֹוָה נָשָׂא עָלָיו אֶת־הַמַּשָּׂא הַזֶּֽה׃

Then said Yehu to Bidqar his captain, Take him up, and cast him in the portion of the field of Navot the Yizre῾elite: for remember how that, when I and thou rode together after Aĥ᾽av his father, the Lord pronounced this burden upon him;

Then said Yehu to Bidqar his captain, Take him up, and cast him in the portion of the field of Navot the Yizre῾elite: for remember how that, when I and thou rode together after Aĥ᾽av his father, the Lord pronounced this burden upon him;

Rashi

את רוכבים צמדים. את אשר אני ואתה היינו רוכבים צמדים (ספרים אחרים מצומדים), אחר אחאב, ביום שהרג את נבות:

Were riding together. How you and I were riding together (other texts: as a pair) after Achov on the day that he killed Navos.

וה' נשא עליו. ביד אליהו הנביא המשא הזה, ואנחנו שמענו:

When Adonoy put upon him. This prophecy through Eliyahu the prophet,10See I Melochim 21:17-26. and we heard.

9:26

אִם־לֹא אֶת־דְּמֵי נָבוֹת וְאֶת־דְּמֵי בָנָיו רָאִיתִֽי אֶמֶשׁ נְאֻם־יְהֹוָה וְשִׁלַּמְתִּי לְךָ בַּחֶלְקָה הַזֹּאת נְאֻם־יְהֹוָה וְעַתָּה שָׂא הַשְׁלִכֵהוּ בַּחֶלְקָה כִּדְבַר יְהֹוָֽה׃

Surely I have seen yesterday the blood of Navot, and the blood of his sons, says the Lord; and I will repay thee in this plot of ground says the Lord. Now therefore take him and cast him into the plot of ground, according to the word of the Lord.

Surely I have seen yesterday the blood of Navot, and the blood of his sons, says the Lord; and I will repay thee in this plot of ground says the Lord. Now therefore take him and cast him into the plot of ground, according to the word of the Lord.

9:27

וַאֲחַזְיָה מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָה רָאָה וַיָּנׇס דֶּרֶךְ בֵּית הַגָּן וַיִּרְדֹּף אַחֲרָיו יֵהוּא וַיֹּאמֶר גַּם־אֹתוֹ הַכֻּהוּ אֶל־הַמֶּרְכָּבָה בְּמַֽעֲלֵה־גוּר אֲשֶׁר אֶֽת־יִבְלְעָם וַיָּנׇס מְגִדּוֹ וַיָּמׇת שָֽׁם׃

But when Aĥazya the king of Yehuda saw this, he fled by the way of Bet-haggan, And Yehu followed after him, and said, Smite him also in the chariot. And they did so at the ascent of Gur, which is by Yivle῾am. And he fled to Megiddo, and died there.

But when Aĥazya the king of Yehuda saw this, he fled by the way of Bet-haggan, And Yehu followed after him, and said, Smite him also in the chariot. And they did so at the ascent of Gur, which is by Yivle῾am. And he fled to Megiddo, and died there.

Rashi

הכהו אל המרכבה וגו'. ובדברי הימים (ב כב ט) הוא אומר: ויבקש את אחזיה וילכדוהו והוא מתחבא בשומרון ויביאוהו אל יהוא, יש לישב המקראות, וינס דרך הגן, מיזרעאל לשומרון, וירדוף אחריו יהוא. אך יש גמגום בדבר, שהרי לא היתה ממשלת יהוא בשומרון עד יום המחרת, כמו שמפורש בענין (לקמן יא): ויכתוב יהוא ספרים וישלח שומרון וגו'. רבותינו פירשו באגדת חלק (סנהדרין קב ב) והוא מתחבא בשומרון, שהיה קודר אזכרות וכותב עבודת כוכבים תחתיהם ולפי דבריהם יש לומר, שאין החבאה זו מפני יהוא, אלא כך פירושו, ויבקש את אחזיהו וילכדוהו כשהיה נס דרך הגן, והוא היה מרשיע לעשות מתחילה, שהיה בא לשומרון והתחבא מפני שרי יהודה, לעשות התועבה הזאת, לפי שיושבי שומרון עובדי עבודת כוכבים ומזלות היו, ויביאוהו אל יהוא, אנשי יהוא שרדפו אחריו, ויאמר הכהו אל המרכבה:

“Strike him down in the chariot, etc.” And in Divrei Hayomim it states, “And he sought Achazyohu, and they captured him when he was hiding in Shomron, and they brought him to Yeihu. ”11II Divrei Hayomim 22:9. The verses can be reconciled as follows: “And [he] fled by way of the Beis-Hagan,” from Yizre’el to Shomron, and Yeihu pursued him. There is, however, a discrepancy in the matter, because Yeihu did not reign in Shomron until the following day, as it is explained in this account, “Yeihu wrote letters and sent them to Shomron, etc.”12Below 10:1. Our Rabbis explained in the Aggadah [entitled] “Cheilek,”13Maseches Sanhedrin 102b. “When he was hiding in Shomron,”14II Divrei Hayomim 22:9. that he would cut out the Divine Names and write [names of] pagan deities in their place. According to their opinion, one can say that his hiding was not because of Yeihu, rather the following is its explanation: “And he sought Achazyohu, and they captured him when he was escaping by way of the garden.” He had been acting wickedly from the beginning, for he would come to Shomron and hide from the officers of Yehudah, to commit this abomination, because the inhabitants of Shomron were idolaters. “And they brought him to Yeihu,”15Ibid. [i.e.,] Yeihu’s men, who had pursued him, [after which it states,] “And he said, ‘Strike him in the chariot.’”16Alternatively, Achazyohu was wounded on the way up to Gur, and he fled to Megido where his condition worsened. The verse therefore uses the expression וַיָמָת [literally=“and he died”] to express his condition although he was still alive. See I Shmuel 25:37 where “וַיָמָת” is used to express the condition of a live person. He then went to hide in Shomron where he was discovered by Yeihu’s men. They brought Achazyohu to Yeihu in Yizre’el and he was executed there.—Radak

במעלה גור. ששם הביאוהו אליו:

On the way up to Gur. For they brought him [Achazyoh] there to him [Yeihu].

וינס מגדו. מוכה בנכליות:

And he fled to Meggido. He was struck as a result of a conspiracy [=בְנִכְלִיּוּת].17See Rashi in Bereishis 37:18. In some editions Rashi’s text is מוּכָּה בְלוּנְכִּיוֹת [=struck by spears].

9:28

וַיַּרְכִּבוּ אֹתוֹ עֲבָדָיו יְרוּשָׁלָ͏ְמָה וַיִּקְבְּרוּ אֹתוֹ בִקְבֻרָתוֹ עִם־אֲבֹתָיו בְּעִיר דָּוִֽד׃ {פ}

And his servants carried him in a chariot to Yerushalayim, and buried him in his tomb with his fathers in the city of David.

And his servants carried him in a chariot to Yerushalayim, and buried him in his tomb with his fathers in the city of David.

9:29

וּבִשְׁנַת אַחַת עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה לְיוֹרָם בֶּן־אַחְאָב מָלַךְ אֲחַזְיָה עַל־יְהוּדָֽה׃

And in the eleventh year of Yoram the son of Aĥ᾽av had Aĥazya begun to reign over Yehuda.

And in the eleventh year of Yoram the son of Aĥ᾽av had Aĥazya begun to reign over Yehuda.

Rashi

ובשנת אחת עשרה שנה ליורם בן אחאב מלך אחזיה. למעלה הוא אומר בשנת שתים עשרה, ועל כרחך יהורם אביו לא מת אלא בשנת שתים עשרה ליורם, שהרי בשנת חמש ליורם מלך, ושמונה שנים מלך, ומהו שאמר כאן בשנת אחת עשרה, אומר אני, שמלך בחיי אביו שנה, לפי שהיה נגוף בתחלואים רעים, כמו שנאמר בדברי הימים (ב כא יח): ואחרי כל זאת נגפו ה' לחלי לאין מרפא, ויהי לימים מימים יצאו מעיו עם חליו וגו', וימליכו יושבי ירושלים את אחזיהו. כאן הוא אומר בן עשרים ושתים שנה אחזיהו במלכו, ובדברי הימים (ב כב ב) בן ארבעים ושתים שנה היה במלכו, וכל ימי יהורם אביו ארבעים שנה היו ולא יותר, שנאמר בו שלושים ושתים שנה במלכו, ושמונה שנה מלך, והיאך אפשר לבן להיות גדול מאביו שתי שנים, אלא עשרים שנה לפני שנולד, שהם שתי שנים קודם שנולד אביו, נגזרה גזרה זו, מיום שנשא אסא את בת עמרי ליהושפט בנו נגזרה גזירה על בית דוד, שתכלה עם בית אחאב, וכן הוא אומר (שם פסוק ז): ומאלהים היתה תבוסת אחזיהו לבא אל יורם וגו'. כך שנויה בסדר עולם, ובתוספתא דסוטה (יב ג) אך בכל המקרא לא מצינו שנשא יהושפט את בת עמרי, אך מצאתי בדברי הימים (ב יח א) ויתחתן לאחאב, ושמא זו היא אחותו שנשא, ובשנת שלושים ואחת לאסא נשאה, שנאמר (מלכים א טז כג): בשנת שלושים ואחת לאסא מלך עמרי. ושנינו בסדר עולם, שמלך מלכות שלימה, שהרי שש שנים קודם לכן מלך על חצי העם, וכשנשא אסא את בתו ליהושפט, נתעלה עמרי והרגו את תבני, צא וחשוב משנת שלושים ואחת לאסא עד מות אחזיהו, ותמצאם ארבעים ושתים:

In the eleventh year of Yorom, son of Achov, Achazyoh became king. Above it states, “In the twelfth year.”188:25. And you are forced [to say] that Yehorom his father died in the twelfth year of Yorom, because he became king in the fifth year of Yorom and he reigned for eight years. Why then does it say here, “In the eleventh year”? I say that he reigned one year during his father’s lifetime because he was afflicted with severe maladies, as it is stated, “And after all this, Adonoy afflicted him [in his intestines] with incurable illness, and it was at the end of a year … his intestines came out because of his illness, etc.,”19II Divrei Hayomim 21:18-19. “and the inhabitants of Yerusholayim made king—Achazyohu.”20Ibid. 22:1. Here it states, “Achazyohu was twenty-two years old when he became king,”21Above 8:26. but in Divrei Hayomim [it states], “He was forty-two years old when he reigned.”22II Divrei Hayomim 22:2. Yehorom, his father, lived for forty years, no more, as it is stated, concerning him, “He was thirty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned eight years [in Yerusholayim].”23Above 8:17. How then is it possible for a son to be two years older than his father? Rather, twenty years before he was born, which is two years before his father was born, this decree was issued. From the day that Asa took Omri’s daughter in marriage for Yehoshophot his son, a decree was issued upon the House of Dovid that it be destroyed with the House of Achov. And similarly it states, “And from God [it was decreed] for the ruination of Achazyohu, that he come to Yorom, etc.”24II Divrei Hayomim 22:7. Thus it is taught in Seder Olam and in the Tosefta of [Maseches] Sotah.2512:3. However, in all of Scripture, we do not find that Yehoshophot married Omri’s daughter. However, I did find in Divrei Hayomim, “And he intermarried with Achov.”26II Divrei Hayomim 18:1. Perhaps this [refers to] his sister whom he married. He married her in the thirty-first year of Asa, as it is stated, “In the thirty-first year of the reign of Asa, [King of Yehudah], Omri reigned [over Yisroel].”27I Melochim 16:23. And we learned in Seder Olam that he reigned over the entire kingdom, for six years before then he reigned over half the people, and when Asa took his [Imri’s] daughter in marriage to [his son] Yehoshophot, Imri gained prestige, and they assassinated Tivni. Proceed and calculate from the thirty-first year of Asa until Achazyohu’s death and you will find them to be forty-two [years].

9:30

וַיָּבוֹא יֵהוּא יִזְרְעֶאלָה וְאִיזֶבֶל שָֽׁמְעָה וַתָּשֶׂם בַּפּוּךְ עֵינֶיהָ וַתֵּיטֶב אֶת־רֹאשָׁהּ וַתַּשְׁקֵף בְּעַד הַחַלּֽוֹן׃

And when Yehu was come to Yizre῾el, Izevel heard of it; and she painted her eyes, and adorned her head, and looked out at the window.

And when Yehu was come to Yizre῾el, Izevel heard of it; and she painted her eyes, and adorned her head, and looked out at the window.

Rashi

ותיטב את ראשה. (תרגום:) ותקנת ית רישה, כדי שתהא לחן בעיני יהוא, וישאנה:

And made up her hair. [Targum Yonoson] (renders) וּתְקָנַת יַת רֵישָׁהּ [=she adorned her head], in order to have charm in Yeihu’s eyes and he would marry her.28Alternatively, she made herself look beautiful hoping that Yeihu would spare her life.—Metzudas Dovid

9:31

וְיֵהוּא בָּא בַשָּׁעַר וַתֹּאמֶר הֲשָׁלוֹם זִמְרִי הֹרֵג אֲדֹנָֽיו׃

And as Yehu entered in at the gate, she said, Is it peace? thou Zimri, who murdered his master.

And as Yehu entered in at the gate, she said, Is it peace? thou Zimri, who murdered his master.

Rashi

ותאמר השלום. תרצה להיות עמו בשלום:

And she said, “Is everything alright?” Do you wish to be with me in peace?

זמרי הרג אדניו. אם הרגת את אדוניך אין זה דבר חדש, שהרי זמרי גם הוא הרג את אלה בן בעשא:

Zimri, murderer of his master. It is nothing new if you assassinated your master,29She was attempting to minimize this murderous act by citing that what he had done had precedent and was therefore acceptable.—Metzudas Dovid for Zimri too assassinated Eilah, son of Ba’asha.30See I Melochim 16:9-10.

9:32

וַיִּשָּׂא פָנָיו אֶל־הַחַלּוֹן וַיֹּאמֶר מִי אִתִּי מִי וַיַּשְׁקִיפוּ אֵלָיו שְׁנַיִם שְׁלֹשָׁה סָרִיסִֽים׃

And he lifted up his face to the window, and said, Who is on my side? who? And there looked out to him two or three eunuchs.

And he lifted up his face to the window, and said, Who is on my side? who? And there looked out to him two or three eunuchs.

Rashi

מי אתי. מי בכם לעזרתי:

“Who is with me?” Who among you will come to help me?31He was also addressing Ezevel’s allies, inviting them to join forces with him.

9:33

וַיֹּאמֶר (שמטהו) [שִׁמְטוּהָ] וַֽיִּשְׁמְטוּהָ וַיִּז מִדָּמָהּ אֶל־הַקִּיר וְאֶל־הַסּוּסִים וַֽיִּרְמְסֶֽנָּה׃

And he said, Throw her down. So they threw her down: and some of her blood was sprinkled on the wall, and on the horses: and he trampled her under foot.

And he said, Throw her down. So they threw her down: and some of her blood was sprinkled on the wall, and on the horses: and he trampled her under foot.

Rashi

שמטוה. מן החלון ארצה:

“Push her out!” Of the window to the ground.

9:34

וַיָּבֹא וַיֹּאכַל וַיֵּשְׁתְּ וַיֹּאמֶר פִּקְדוּ־נָא אֶת־הָאֲרוּרָה הַזֹּאת וְקִבְרוּהָ כִּי בַת־מֶלֶךְ הִֽיא׃

And when he was come in, he did eat and drink, and said, Go, see now to this cursed woman, and bury her: for she is a king’s daughter.

And when he was come in, he did eat and drink, and said, Go, see now to this cursed woman, and bury her: for she is a king’s daughter.

9:35

וַיֵּלְכוּ לְקׇבְרָהּ וְלֹא־מָצְאוּ בָהּ כִּי אִם־הַגֻּלְגֹּלֶת וְהָרַגְלַיִם וְכַפּוֹת הַיָּדָֽיִם׃

And they went to bury her: but they found no more of her than the skull, and the feet, and the palms of her hands.

And they went to bury her: but they found no more of her than the skull, and the feet, and the palms of her hands.

Rashi

הגלגולת והרגלים. אמרו רבותינו (פרקי דרבי אליעזר פרק יז): שהיתה מרקדת לפני חתנים בידיה וברגליה ומכשכשת בראשה:

The skull [and] the feet. Our Rabbis said, that she would dance before bridegrooms with her hands and feet, and shake her head.32Because these limbs participated in performing acts of kindness, the merit that she had thereby earned was not forgotten. Therefore these limbs were spared from being devoured by dogs. See Pirkei Derabi Eliezer Chapter 17. Also, she would join funeral processions and clap her hands and lament for the dead.33The prophecy in v. 10 above that “no one will bury her,” referring to Ezevel was fulfilled, because most of her body had been devoured, and was not buried.—Radak

9:36

וַיָּשֻׁבוּ וַיַּגִּידוּ לוֹ וַיֹּאמֶר דְּבַר־יְהֹוָה הוּא אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר בְּיַד־עַבְדּוֹ אֵלִיָּהוּ הַתִּשְׁבִּי לֵאמֹר בְּחֵלֶק יִזְרְעֶאל יֹאכְלוּ הַכְּלָבִים אֶת־בְּשַׂר אִיזָֽבֶל׃

So they came back, and told him. And he said, This is the word of the Lord, which he spoke by his servant Eliyyahu the Tishbite, saying, In the portion of Yizre῾el, shall dogs eat the flesh of Izevel:

So they came back, and told him. And he said, This is the word of the Lord, which he spoke by his servant Eliyyahu the Tishbite, saying, In the portion of Yizre῾el, shall dogs eat the flesh of Izevel:

9:37

(והית) [וְֽהָיְתָה] נִבְלַת אִיזֶבֶל כְּדֹמֶן עַל־פְּנֵי הַשָּׂדֶה בְּחֵלֶק יִזְרְעֶאל אֲשֶׁר לֹא־יֹאמְרוּ זֹאת אִיזָֽבֶל׃ {ס}        

And the carcass of Izevel shall be as dung upon the open field in the portion of Yizre῾el; so that they shall not be able to say, This is Izevel.

And the carcass of Izevel shall be as dung upon the open field in the portion of Yizre῾el; so that they shall not be able to say, This is Izevel.

Rashi

כדומן. תרגומו: כזבל:

Like dung. [Targum Yonoson] renders כזבל34Her name indicated her future, אִיזֶבֶל is an acronym for אִי [=woe] that she will be like זֶבֶל [=dung].—Kli Yakar [=as dung].

Texts

  • Hebrew: Miqra according to the Masorah · License: CC-BY-SA
  • English: The Koren Jerusalem Bible · License: CC-BY-NC
  • Hebrew: On Your Way -- new · License: PD
  • English: The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J · License: CC-BY

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