Tanach
Melachim II 9:29-37 מלכים ב ט׳:כ״ט-ל״ז
Part of: Chapter 9
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
וּבִשְׁנַת אַחַת עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה לְיוֹרָם בֶּן־אַחְאָב מָלַךְ אֲחַזְיָה עַל־יְהוּדָֽה׃
And in the eleventh year of Yoram the son of Aĥ᾽av had Aĥazya begun to reign over Yehuda.
And in the eleventh year of Yoram the son of Aĥ᾽av had Aĥazya begun to reign over Yehuda.
Rashi
וַיָּבוֹא יֵהוּא יִזְרְעֶאלָה וְאִיזֶבֶל שָֽׁמְעָה וַתָּשֶׂם בַּפּוּךְ עֵינֶיהָ וַתֵּיטֶב אֶת־רֹאשָׁהּ וַתַּשְׁקֵף בְּעַד הַחַלּֽוֹן׃
And when Yehu was come to Yizre῾el, Izevel heard of it; and she painted her eyes, and adorned her head, and looked out at the window.
And when Yehu was come to Yizre῾el, Izevel heard of it; and she painted her eyes, and adorned her head, and looked out at the window.
Rashi
ותיטב את ראשה. (תרגום:) ותקנת ית רישה, כדי שתהא לחן בעיני יהוא, וישאנה:
And made up her hair. [Targum Yonoson] (renders) וּתְקָנַת יַת רֵישָׁהּ [=she adorned her head], in order to have charm in Yeihu’s eyes and he would marry her.28Alternatively, she made herself look beautiful hoping that Yeihu would spare her life.—Metzudas Dovid
וְיֵהוּא בָּא בַשָּׁעַר וַתֹּאמֶר הֲשָׁלוֹם זִמְרִי הֹרֵג אֲדֹנָֽיו׃
And as Yehu entered in at the gate, she said, Is it peace? thou Zimri, who murdered his master.
And as Yehu entered in at the gate, she said, Is it peace? thou Zimri, who murdered his master.
Rashi
ותאמר השלום. תרצה להיות עמו בשלום:
And she said, “Is everything alright?” Do you wish to be with me in peace?
זמרי הרג אדניו. אם הרגת את אדוניך אין זה דבר חדש, שהרי זמרי גם הוא הרג את אלה בן בעשא:
Zimri, murderer of his master. It is nothing new if you assassinated your master,29She was attempting to minimize this murderous act by citing that what he had done had precedent and was therefore acceptable.—Metzudas Dovid for Zimri too assassinated Eilah, son of Ba’asha.30See I Melochim 16:9-10.
וַיִּשָּׂא פָנָיו אֶל־הַחַלּוֹן וַיֹּאמֶר מִי אִתִּי מִי וַיַּשְׁקִיפוּ אֵלָיו שְׁנַיִם שְׁלֹשָׁה סָרִיסִֽים׃
And he lifted up his face to the window, and said, Who is on my side? who? And there looked out to him two or three eunuchs.
And he lifted up his face to the window, and said, Who is on my side? who? And there looked out to him two or three eunuchs.
Rashi
מי אתי. מי בכם לעזרתי:
“Who is with me?” Who among you will come to help me?31He was also addressing Ezevel’s allies, inviting them to join forces with him.
וַיֹּאמֶר (שמטהו) [שִׁמְטוּהָ] וַֽיִּשְׁמְטוּהָ וַיִּז מִדָּמָהּ אֶל־הַקִּיר וְאֶל־הַסּוּסִים וַֽיִּרְמְסֶֽנָּה׃
And he said, Throw her down. So they threw her down: and some of her blood was sprinkled on the wall, and on the horses: and he trampled her under foot.
And he said, Throw her down. So they threw her down: and some of her blood was sprinkled on the wall, and on the horses: and he trampled her under foot.
Rashi
שמטוה. מן החלון ארצה:
“Push her out!” Of the window to the ground.
וַיָּבֹא וַיֹּאכַל וַיֵּשְׁתְּ וַיֹּאמֶר פִּקְדוּ־נָא אֶת־הָאֲרוּרָה הַזֹּאת וְקִבְרוּהָ כִּי בַת־מֶלֶךְ הִֽיא׃
And when he was come in, he did eat and drink, and said, Go, see now to this cursed woman, and bury her: for she is a king’s daughter.
And when he was come in, he did eat and drink, and said, Go, see now to this cursed woman, and bury her: for she is a king’s daughter.
וַיֵּלְכוּ לְקׇבְרָהּ וְלֹא־מָצְאוּ בָהּ כִּי אִם־הַגֻּלְגֹּלֶת וְהָרַגְלַיִם וְכַפּוֹת הַיָּדָֽיִם׃
And they went to bury her: but they found no more of her than the skull, and the feet, and the palms of her hands.
And they went to bury her: but they found no more of her than the skull, and the feet, and the palms of her hands.
Rashi
הגלגולת והרגלים. אמרו רבותינו (פרקי דרבי אליעזר פרק יז): שהיתה מרקדת לפני חתנים בידיה וברגליה ומכשכשת בראשה:
The skull [and] the feet. Our Rabbis said, that she would dance before bridegrooms with her hands and feet, and shake her head.32Because these limbs participated in performing acts of kindness, the merit that she had thereby earned was not forgotten. Therefore these limbs were spared from being devoured by dogs. See Pirkei Derabi Eliezer Chapter 17. Also, she would join funeral processions and clap her hands and lament for the dead.33The prophecy in v. 10 above that “no one will bury her,” referring to Ezevel was fulfilled, because most of her body had been devoured, and was not buried.—Radak
וַיָּשֻׁבוּ וַיַּגִּידוּ לוֹ וַיֹּאמֶר דְּבַר־יְהֹוָה הוּא אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר בְּיַד־עַבְדּוֹ אֵלִיָּהוּ הַתִּשְׁבִּי לֵאמֹר בְּחֵלֶק יִזְרְעֶאל יֹאכְלוּ הַכְּלָבִים אֶת־בְּשַׂר אִיזָֽבֶל׃
So they came back, and told him. And he said, This is the word of the Lord, which he spoke by his servant Eliyyahu the Tishbite, saying, In the portion of Yizre῾el, shall dogs eat the flesh of Izevel:
So they came back, and told him. And he said, This is the word of the Lord, which he spoke by his servant Eliyyahu the Tishbite, saying, In the portion of Yizre῾el, shall dogs eat the flesh of Izevel:
(והית) [וְֽהָיְתָה] נִבְלַת אִיזֶבֶל כְּדֹמֶן עַל־פְּנֵי הַשָּׂדֶה בְּחֵלֶק יִזְרְעֶאל אֲשֶׁר לֹא־יֹאמְרוּ זֹאת אִיזָֽבֶל׃ {ס}
And the carcass of Izevel shall be as dung upon the open field in the portion of Yizre῾el; so that they shall not be able to say, This is Izevel.
And the carcass of Izevel shall be as dung upon the open field in the portion of Yizre῾el; so that they shall not be able to say, This is Izevel.
Rashi
כדומן. תרגומו: כזבל:
Like dung. [Targum Yonoson] renders כזבל34Her name indicated her future, אִיזֶבֶל is an acronym for אִי [=woe] that she will be like זֶבֶל [=dung].—Kli Yakar [=as dung].
ובשנת אחת עשרה שנה ליורם בן אחאב מלך אחזיה. למעלה הוא אומר בשנת שתים עשרה, ועל כרחך יהורם אביו לא מת אלא בשנת שתים עשרה ליורם, שהרי בשנת חמש ליורם מלך, ושמונה שנים מלך, ומהו שאמר כאן בשנת אחת עשרה, אומר אני, שמלך בחיי אביו שנה, לפי שהיה נגוף בתחלואים רעים, כמו שנאמר בדברי הימים (ב כא יח): ואחרי כל זאת נגפו ה' לחלי לאין מרפא, ויהי לימים מימים יצאו מעיו עם חליו וגו', וימליכו יושבי ירושלים את אחזיהו. כאן הוא אומר בן עשרים ושתים שנה אחזיהו במלכו, ובדברי הימים (ב כב ב) בן ארבעים ושתים שנה היה במלכו, וכל ימי יהורם אביו ארבעים שנה היו ולא יותר, שנאמר בו שלושים ושתים שנה במלכו, ושמונה שנה מלך, והיאך אפשר לבן להיות גדול מאביו שתי שנים, אלא עשרים שנה לפני שנולד, שהם שתי שנים קודם שנולד אביו, נגזרה גזרה זו, מיום שנשא אסא את בת עמרי ליהושפט בנו נגזרה גזירה על בית דוד, שתכלה עם בית אחאב, וכן הוא אומר (שם פסוק ז): ומאלהים היתה תבוסת אחזיהו לבא אל יורם וגו'. כך שנויה בסדר עולם, ובתוספתא דסוטה (יב ג) אך בכל המקרא לא מצינו שנשא יהושפט את בת עמרי, אך מצאתי בדברי הימים (ב יח א) ויתחתן לאחאב, ושמא זו היא אחותו שנשא, ובשנת שלושים ואחת לאסא נשאה, שנאמר (מלכים א טז כג): בשנת שלושים ואחת לאסא מלך עמרי. ושנינו בסדר עולם, שמלך מלכות שלימה, שהרי שש שנים קודם לכן מלך על חצי העם, וכשנשא אסא את בתו ליהושפט, נתעלה עמרי והרגו את תבני, צא וחשוב משנת שלושים ואחת לאסא עד מות אחזיהו, ותמצאם ארבעים ושתים:
In the eleventh year of Yorom, son of Achov, Achazyoh became king. Above it states, “In the twelfth year.”188:25. And you are forced [to say] that Yehorom his father died in the twelfth year of Yorom, because he became king in the fifth year of Yorom and he reigned for eight years. Why then does it say here, “In the eleventh year”? I say that he reigned one year during his father’s lifetime because he was afflicted with severe maladies, as it is stated, “And after all this, Adonoy afflicted him [in his intestines] with incurable illness, and it was at the end of a year … his intestines came out because of his illness, etc.,”19II Divrei Hayomim 21:18-19. “and the inhabitants of Yerusholayim made king—Achazyohu.”20Ibid. 22:1. Here it states, “Achazyohu was twenty-two years old when he became king,”21Above 8:26. but in Divrei Hayomim [it states], “He was forty-two years old when he reigned.”22II Divrei Hayomim 22:2. Yehorom, his father, lived for forty years, no more, as it is stated, concerning him, “He was thirty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned eight years [in Yerusholayim].”23Above 8:17. How then is it possible for a son to be two years older than his father? Rather, twenty years before he was born, which is two years before his father was born, this decree was issued. From the day that Asa took Omri’s daughter in marriage for Yehoshophot his son, a decree was issued upon the House of Dovid that it be destroyed with the House of Achov. And similarly it states, “And from God [it was decreed] for the ruination of Achazyohu, that he come to Yorom, etc.”24II Divrei Hayomim 22:7. Thus it is taught in Seder Olam and in the Tosefta of [Maseches] Sotah.2512:3. However, in all of Scripture, we do not find that Yehoshophot married Omri’s daughter. However, I did find in Divrei Hayomim, “And he intermarried with Achov.”26II Divrei Hayomim 18:1. Perhaps this [refers to] his sister whom he married. He married her in the thirty-first year of Asa, as it is stated, “In the thirty-first year of the reign of Asa, [King of Yehudah], Omri reigned [over Yisroel].”27I Melochim 16:23. And we learned in Seder Olam that he reigned over the entire kingdom, for six years before then he reigned over half the people, and when Asa took his [Imri’s] daughter in marriage to [his son] Yehoshophot, Imri gained prestige, and they assassinated Tivni. Proceed and calculate from the thirty-first year of Asa until Achazyohu’s death and you will find them to be forty-two [years].