Tanach
Shmuel I 20:5-8 שמואל א כ׳:ה׳-ח׳
Part of: Chapter 20
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
וַיֹּאמֶר דָּוִד אֶל־יְהוֹנָתָן הִֽנֵּה־חֹדֶשׁ מָחָר וְאָנֹכִי יָשֹׁב־אֵשֵׁב עִם־הַמֶּלֶךְ לֶאֱכוֹל וְשִׁלַּחְתַּנִי וְנִסְתַּרְתִּי בַשָּׂדֶה עַד הָעֶרֶב הַשְּׁלִשִֽׁית׃
Dovid said to Yonoson, "Behold, tomorrow is the New Moon, and I usually sit with the king to eat. Let me leave and I will hide in the field until the third evening.
Dovid said to Yonoson, "Behold, tomorrow is the New Moon, and I usually sit with the king to eat. Let me leave and I will hide in the field until the third evening.
Rashi
ואנכי ישוב אשב עם המלך לאכול. לשון הווה הוא, ואנכי רגיל לישב עם המלך תמיד לאכול סמוך לו:
And I usually sit with the king to eat. This is the present tense [meaning] 'and I am accustomed to sit with the king regularly, to eat beside him.'
ושלחתני. מעתה, ונסתרתי עד הערב של יום שלישי, ולא אהיה עם האוכלים, ויפקד מושבי, ויתמה המלך עלי, או מחר או למחרתו:
Let me leave. From now, and I will hide until the evening of the third day, and I will not be with the people eating, and my seat will be empty; the king will wonder about me either tomorrow or the following day.
אִם־פָּקֹד יִפְקְדֵנִי אָבִיךָ וְאָמַרְתָּ נִשְׁאֹל נִשְׁאַל מִמֶּנִּי דָוִד לָרוּץ בֵּֽית־לֶחֶם עִירוֹ כִּי זֶבַח הַיָּמִים שָׁם לְכׇל־הַמִּשְׁפָּחָֽה׃
If your father notices my absence, then say, 'Dovid asked me to let him hurry off to Beis Lechem, his city, for there is an annual feast-offering there for the entire family.'
If your father notices my absence, then say, 'Dovid asked me to let him hurry off to Beis Lechem, his city, for there is an annual feast-offering there for the entire family.'
Rashi
נשאול נשאל. רשות שאל ממני:
Asked. He asked me for permission.
זבח הימים. משנה לשנה בזמן הזה:
An annual feast-offering. From year to year at this time.4It was customary for family members to offer a yearly sacrifice. Elkonoh, too, used to go to Shiloh every year [See above 1:21].
אִם־כֹּה יֹאמַר טוֹב שָׁלוֹם לְעַבְדֶּךָ וְאִם־חָרֹה יֶחֱרֶה לוֹ דַּע כִּֽי־כָלְתָה הָרָעָה מֵעִמּֽוֹ׃
If he says thus, 'Good,' then it is well for your servant. But if he gets very angry, you should know that he has decided upon evil.
If he says thus, 'Good,' then it is well for your servant. But if he gets very angry, you should know that he has decided upon evil.
Rashi
אם כה יאמר טוב. שלא יחרה לו:
If he says thus, 'Good'. I.e., he is not angry.5It is a sign that he harbors no evil.
שלום לעבדך. אין בלבו להרגני:
It is well for your servant. He has no intention to kill me.
ואם חרה יחרה. זהו שאהא לו מצוי להרגני:
But if he gets very angry. This is because he wants me to be accessible so that he can kill me.
כלתה הרעה מעמו. סוף דבר מחשבה רעה לו עלי:
He has decided upon evil. The conclusion is, that he has an evil thought concerning me.
וְעָשִׂיתָֽ חֶסֶד עַל־עַבְדֶּךָ כִּי בִּבְרִית יְהֹוָה הֵבֵאתָ אֶֽת־עַבְדְּךָ עִמָּךְ וְאִם־יֶשׁ־בִּי עָוֺן הֲמִיתֵנִי אַתָּה וְעַד־אָבִיךָ לָמָּה־זֶּה תְבִיאֵֽנִי׃ {פ}
Be kind to your servant, for into a covenant of Adonoy you have brought your servant with you; if I am guilty of any sin, kill me yourself, why bring me to your father?"
Be kind to your servant, for into a covenant of Adonoy you have brought your servant with you; if I am guilty of any sin, kill me yourself, why bring me to your father?"
Rashi
ועשית חסד. לשלחני:
Be kind. To let me go.6Or by notifying me of what is happening.—Metzudas Dovid.
הנה חדש מחר. חידוש הלבנה, וכל אוכלי שולחן המלך אין נמנע איש מלבא ביום טוב אל הלחם:
Behold, tomorrow is the New Moon. The renewal of the moon.2From the word חָדָשׁ [=new]. He could not state that tomorrow is Rosh Chodesh, because Rosh Chodesh could only be declared by בֵּית דִין and the actual day of Rosh Chodesh is unknown until it is sanctified by בֵּית דִין. And of all those who eat at the king's table, no one declines from coming to the repast on the festive day.3The New Moon [=Rosh Chodesh] was celebrated as a festive day. See II Melachim 4:23 and Hosheia 2:13.