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20:2

וַיְהִי דְבַר־יְהֹוָה אֵלַי לֵאמֹֽר׃

Then the word of the Lord came to me, saying,

Then the word of the Lord came to me, saying,

20:3

בֶּן־אָדָם דַּבֵּר אֶת־זִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵהֶם כֹּה אָמַר אֲדֹנָי יֱהֹוִה הֲלִדְרֹשׁ אֹתִי אַתֶּם בָּאִים חַי־אָנִי אִם־אִדָּרֵשׁ לָכֶם נְאֻם אֲדֹנָי יֱהֹוִֽה׃

Son of man, speak to the elders of Yisra᾽el, and say to them, Thus says the Lord God; Are you come to inquire of me? As I live, says the Lord God, I will not be inquired of by you.

Son of man, speak to the elders of Yisra᾽el, and say to them, Thus says the Lord God; Are you come to inquire of me? As I live, says the Lord God, I will not be inquired of by you.

Rashi

אם אדרש לכם. בבקשתכם ובסוף הספר הזה הוא אמר אדרש לבית ישראל זו אחת מן המקומות המלמדים אותנו שהקב"ה חוזר בו על הרעה ועל כיוצא בזה ההוא אמר ולא יעשה (במדבר כ״ג:י״ט) מדרש תנחומא:

20:4

הֲתִשְׁפֹּט אֹתָם הֲתִשְׁפּוֹט בֶּן־אָדָם אֶת־תּוֹעֲבֹת אֲבוֹתָם הוֹדִיעֵֽם׃

Wilt thou judge them, son of man, wilt thou judge them? cause them to know the abominations of their fathers:

Wilt thou judge them, son of man, wilt thou judge them? cause them to know the abominations of their fathers:

Rashi

התשפוט אותם. לשון ויכוח:

20:5

וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵיהֶם כֹּה־אָמַר אֲדֹנָי יֱהֹוִה בְּיוֹם בׇּחֳרִי בְיִשְׂרָאֵל וָאֶשָּׂא יָדִי לְזֶרַע בֵּית יַעֲקֹב וָאִוָּדַע לָהֶם בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם וָאֶשָּׂא יָדִי לָהֶם לֵאמֹר אֲנִי יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃

and say to them, Thus says the Lord God; In the day when I chose Yisra᾽el and lifted up my hand to the seed of the house of Ya῾aqov, and made myself known to them in the land of Miżrayim, when I lifted up my hand to them, saying, I am the Lord your God;

and say to them, Thus says the Lord God; In the day when I chose Yisra᾽el and lifted up my hand to the seed of the house of Ya῾aqov, and made myself known to them in the land of Miżrayim, when I lifted up my hand to them, saying, I am the Lord your God;

Rashi

ביום בחרי בישראל. הרי שהיתה שנאה זו כבושה לפני המקום קרוב לתשע מאות שנה משהיו במצרי' עד יחזקאל והיתה אהבתו מחפ' עליהם ועל ידי שהיו עתה מרבים לפשוע נתעוררה ועל זה נאמר שנאה תעורר מדנים וגו' (משלי י׳:י״ב):

20:6

בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא נָשָׂאתִי יָדִי לָהֶם לְהוֹצִיאָם מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם אֶל־אֶרֶץ אֲשֶׁר־תַּרְתִּי לָהֶם זָבַת חָלָב וּדְבַשׁ צְבִי הִיא לְכׇל־הָאֲרָצֽוֹת׃

in the day that I lifted up my hand to them, to bring them out of the land of Miżrayim into a land that I had spied out for them, flowing with milk and honey, which is an ornament for all the lands:

in the day that I lifted up my hand to them, to bring them out of the land of Miżrayim into a land that I had spied out for them, flowing with milk and honey, which is an ornament for all the lands:

20:7

וָאֹמַר אֲלֵהֶם אִישׁ שִׁקּוּצֵי עֵינָיו הַשְׁלִיכוּ וּבְגִלּוּלֵי מִצְרַיִם אַל־תִּטַּמָּאוּ אֲנִי יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃

then I said to them, Cast away every man the abominations of his eyes, and do not defile yourselves with the idols of Miżrayim: I am the Lord your God.

then I said to them, Cast away every man the abominations of his eyes, and do not defile yourselves with the idols of Miżrayim: I am the Lord your God.

Rashi

ואומר אליהם. אהרן ניבא להם נבואה זו קודם שנגלה הקב"ה על משה בסנה וזהו שנאמר (שמואל א ב׳:כ״ז) לעלי הנגלה נגלתי אל בית אביך בהיותם במצרים וגו':

20:8

וַיַּמְרוּ־בִי וְלֹא אָבוּ לִשְׁמֹעַ אֵלַי אִישׁ אֶת־שִׁקּוּצֵי עֵֽינֵיהֶם לֹא הִשְׁלִיכוּ וְאֶת־גִּלּוּלֵי מִצְרַיִם לֹא עָזָבוּ וָאֹמַר לִשְׁפֹּךְ חֲמָתִי עֲלֵיהֶם לְכַלּוֹת אַפִּי בָּהֶם בְּתוֹךְ אֶרֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃

But they rebelled against me, and would not hearken to me: they did not cast away every man the abominations of their eyes, neither did they forsake the idols of Miżrayim: then I said, I will pour out my fury upon them, to accomplish my anger against them in the midst of the land of Miżrayim.

But they rebelled against me, and would not hearken to me: they did not cast away every man the abominations of their eyes, neither did they forsake the idols of Miżrayim: then I said, I will pour out my fury upon them, to accomplish my anger against them in the midst of the land of Miżrayim.

Rashi

וימרו בי. הם הרשעים רובם של ישראל שמתו בשלשת ימי אפלה כמו שנאמר וחמושים עלו בני ישראל וגו' (שמות יד) אחד מחמשים ויש אומרים אחד מחמש מאות:

20:9

וָאַעַשׂ לְמַעַן שְׁמִי לְבִלְתִּי הֵחֵל לְעֵינֵי הַגּוֹיִם אֲשֶׁר־הֵמָּה בְתוֹכָם אֲשֶׁר נוֹדַעְתִּי אֲלֵיהֶם לְעֵינֵיהֶם לְהוֹצִיאָם מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃

But I acted for my name’s sake, that it should not be profaned in the sight of the nations, among whom they were, in whose sight I made myself known to them, in bringing them out of the land of Miżrayim.

But I acted for my name’s sake, that it should not be profaned in the sight of the nations, among whom they were, in whose sight I made myself known to them, in bringing them out of the land of Miżrayim.

Rashi

לבלתי החל. שלא יתחלל שמי מאחר שנודעתי להם והבטחתים להוציאם והכירו מצרים שהם עמי אילו הייתי משחיתם היו אומרים אויביהם מבלתי יכולת בידו להוציאם:

20:10

וָאוֹצִיאֵם מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם וָאֲבִאֵם אֶל־הַמִּדְבָּֽר׃

And I caused them to go out of the land of Miżrayim, and brought them into the wilderness.

And I caused them to go out of the land of Miżrayim, and brought them into the wilderness.

20:11

וָאֶתֵּן לָהֶם אֶת־חֻקּוֹתַי וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַי הוֹדַעְתִּי אוֹתָם אֲשֶׁר יַעֲשֶׂה אוֹתָם הָאָדָם וָחַי בָּהֶֽם׃

And I gave them my statutes, and made my judgments known to them, which if a man do, he may live by them.

And I gave them my statutes, and made my judgments known to them, which if a man do, he may live by them.

20:12

וְגַם אֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַי נָתַתִּי לָהֶם לִהְיוֹת לְאוֹת בֵּינִי וּבֵינֵיהֶם לָדַעַת כִּי אֲנִי יְהֹוָה מְקַדְּשָֽׁם׃

Moreover also I gave them my sabbaths, to be a sign between me and them, that they might know that I am the Lord who sanctifies them.

Moreover also I gave them my sabbaths, to be a sign between me and them, that they might know that I am the Lord who sanctifies them.

Rashi

להיות לאות. אות גדול הוא להם שנתתי את יום מנוחתי להם למנוחה הרי היכר גדול שקדשתים לי:

20:13

וַיַּמְרוּ־בִי בֵֽית־יִשְׂרָאֵל בַּמִּדְבָּר בְּחֻקּוֹתַי לֹא־הָלָכוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַי מָאָסוּ אֲשֶׁר יַעֲשֶׂה אֹתָם הָֽאָדָם וָחַי בָּהֶם וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתַי חִלְּלוּ מְאֹד וָאֹמַר לִשְׁפֹּךְ חֲמָתִי עֲלֵיהֶם בַּמִּדְבָּר לְכַלּוֹתָֽם׃

But the house of Yisra᾽el rebelled against me in the wilderness: they did not follow my statutes, and they rejected my judgments, which if a man do, he may live by them; and my sabbaths they greatly profaned: then I said, I would pour out my fury upon them in the wilderness, to consume them.

But the house of Yisra᾽el rebelled against me in the wilderness: they did not follow my statutes, and they rejected my judgments, which if a man do, he may live by them; and my sabbaths they greatly profaned: then I said, I would pour out my fury upon them in the wilderness, to consume them.

Rashi

בחוקותי לא הלכו. נסו אותי בעגל וברפידים מלקבל את התורה והותירו מן המן:

ואת שבתותי חללו. יצאו מן העם ללקוט מן:

20:14

וָאֶעֱשֶׂה לְמַעַן שְׁמִי לְבִלְתִּי הֵחֵל לְעֵינֵי הַגּוֹיִם אֲשֶׁר הוֹצֵאתִים לְעֵינֵיהֶֽם׃

But I acted for my name’s sake, that it should not be profaned in the sight of the nations, in whose sight I brought them out.

But I acted for my name’s sake, that it should not be profaned in the sight of the nations, in whose sight I brought them out.

20:15

וְגַם־אֲנִי נָשָׂאתִי יָדִי לָהֶם בַּמִּדְבָּר לְבִלְתִּי הָבִיא אוֹתָם אֶל־הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר־נָתַתִּי זָבַת חָלָב וּדְבַשׁ צְבִי הִיא לְכׇל־הָאֲרָצֽוֹת׃

Indeed, I also lifted up my hand to them in the wilderness, that I would not bring them into the land which I had given them, one flowing with milk and honey, which is the ornament of all the lands;

Indeed, I also lifted up my hand to them in the wilderness, that I would not bring them into the land which I had given them, one flowing with milk and honey, which is the ornament of all the lands;

20:16

יַעַן בְּמִשְׁפָּטַי מָאָסוּ וְאֶת־חֻקּוֹתַי לֹא־הָלְכוּ בָהֶם וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַי חִלֵּלוּ כִּי אַחֲרֵי גִלּוּלֵיהֶם לִבָּם הֹלֵֽךְ׃

because they rejected my judgments, and did not follow my statutes, but profaned my sabbaths: for their heart went after their idols.

because they rejected my judgments, and did not follow my statutes, but profaned my sabbaths: for their heart went after their idols.

20:17

וַתָּחׇס עֵינִי עֲלֵיהֶם מִֽשַּׁחֲתָם וְלֹא־עָשִׂיתִי אוֹתָם כָּלָה בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃

Nevertheless my eye spared them, and I did not destroy them, neither did I make an end of them in the wilderness.

Nevertheless my eye spared them, and I did not destroy them, neither did I make an end of them in the wilderness.

20:18

וָאֹמַר אֶל־בְּנֵיהֶם בַּמִּדְבָּר בְּחוּקֵּי אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶם אַל־תֵּלֵכוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפְּטֵיהֶם אַל־תִּשְׁמֹרוּ וּבְגִלּוּלֵיהֶם אַל־תִּטַּמָּֽאוּ׃

But I said to their children in the wilderness, Do not follow the statutes of your fathers, nor observe their judgments, nor defile yourselves with their idols:

But I said to their children in the wilderness, Do not follow the statutes of your fathers, nor observe their judgments, nor defile yourselves with their idols:

20:19

אֲנִי יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם בְּחֻקּוֹתַי לֵכוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַי שִׁמְרוּ וַעֲשׂוּ אוֹתָֽם׃

I am the Lord your God; follow my statutes, and keep my judgments, and do them;

I am the Lord your God; follow my statutes, and keep my judgments, and do them;

20:20

וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַי קַדֵּשׁוּ וְהָיוּ לְאוֹת בֵּינִי וּבֵינֵיכֶם לָדַעַת כִּי אֲנִי יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃

and hallow my sabbaths; and they shall be a sign between me and you, that you may know that I am the Lord your God.

and hallow my sabbaths; and they shall be a sign between me and you, that you may know that I am the Lord your God.

20:21

וַיַּמְרוּ־בִי הַבָּנִים בְּחֻקּוֹתַי לֹֽא־הָלָכוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַי לֹֽא־שָׁמְרוּ לַעֲשׂוֹת אוֹתָם אֲשֶׁר יַעֲשֶׂה אוֹתָם הָאָדָם וָחַי בָּהֶם אֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַי חִלֵּלוּ וָאֹמַר לִשְׁפֹּךְ חֲמָתִי עֲלֵיהֶם לְכַלּוֹת אַפִּי בָּם בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃

But the children rebelled against me: they did not follow my statutes, nor did they keep my judgments to do them, which if a man do, he may live by them; they profaned my sabbaths: then I said, I would pour out my fury upon them, to spend my anger against them in the wilderness.

But the children rebelled against me: they did not follow my statutes, nor did they keep my judgments to do them, which if a man do, he may live by them; they profaned my sabbaths: then I said, I would pour out my fury upon them, to spend my anger against them in the wilderness.

Rashi

וימרו בי הבנים. שבטו של דן וכן הנצמדים לבעל פעור (במדבר כה ה) לאחר שמתו דור המדבר:

20:22

וַהֲשִׁבֹתִי אֶת־יָדִי וָאַעַשׂ לְמַעַן שְׁמִי לְבִלְתִּי הֵחֵל לְעֵינֵי הַגּוֹיִם אֲשֶׁר־הוֹצֵאתִי אוֹתָם לְעֵינֵיהֶֽם׃

Nevertheless I withdrew my hand, and acted for my name’s sake, that it should not be profaned in the sight of the nations, in whose sight I brought them out.

Nevertheless I withdrew my hand, and acted for my name’s sake, that it should not be profaned in the sight of the nations, in whose sight I brought them out.

20:23

גַּם־אֲנִי נָשָׂאתִי אֶת־יָדִי לָהֶם בַּמִּדְבָּר לְהָפִיץ אֹתָם בַּגּוֹיִם וּלְזָרוֹת אוֹתָם בָּאֲרָצֽוֹת׃

I lifted up my hand to them also in the wilderness, declaring that I would scatter them among the nations, and disperse them through the countries;

I lifted up my hand to them also in the wilderness, declaring that I would scatter them among the nations, and disperse them through the countries;

Rashi

להפיץ אותם. מאז הבטחתים להפיצם כי תוליד בנים ובני בנים וגו' (דברים ד׳:כ״ה):

20:24

יַעַן מִשְׁפָּטַי לֹֽא־עָשׂוּ וְחֻקּוֹתַי מָאָסוּ וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַי חִלֵּלוּ וְאַֽחֲרֵי גִּלּוּלֵי אֲבוֹתָם הָיוּ עֵינֵיהֶֽם׃

because they had not executed my judgments, but had rejected my statutes, and had profaned my sabbaths, and their eyes were after their fathers’ idols.

because they had not executed my judgments, but had rejected my statutes, and had profaned my sabbaths, and their eyes were after their fathers’ idols.

20:25

וְגַם־אֲנִי נָתַתִּי לָהֶם חֻקִּים לֹא טוֹבִים וּמִשְׁפָּטִים לֹא יִֽחְיוּ בָּהֶֽם׃

So I too gave them statutes that were not good, and judgments whereby they should not live;

So I too gave them statutes that were not good, and judgments whereby they should not live;

Rashi

נתתי להם חוקים לא טובים. מסרתם ביד יצרם להכשל בעוונם וכן ת"י ומסרתינון ביד יצרהון טפשא ואזלו ועבדו גזירן דלא תקנן ונמוסין דלא יתקיימו בהון:

20:26

וָאֲטַמֵּא אוֹתָם בְּמַתְּנוֹתָם בְּהַעֲבִיר כׇּל־פֶּטֶר רָחַם לְמַעַן אֲשִׁמֵּם לְמַעַן אֲשֶׁר יֵדְעוּ אֲשֶׁר אֲנִי יְהֹוָֽה׃ {ס}        

and I polluted them by their gifts, in that they caused to pass (through the fire) all that opens the womb, that I might blight them, that they might know that I am the Lord.

and I polluted them by their gifts, in that they caused to pass (through the fire) all that opens the womb, that I might blight them, that they might know that I am the Lord.

Rashi

ואטמא אותם במתנותם. אותם מתנות שחקקתי להם לקדש לי כל בכור מסרתים ביד יצרם להעבירם לאותם בכורות למולך הרי חוקים לא טובים:

למען אשמם. אשימם ואחריב אותם, אשמם לשון שממה והמפרשו לשון אשמה טועה הוא שהאל"ף אינה משרשי התיבה:

אשר ידעו. כשאביא עליהם הרעה:

Texts

  • Hebrew: Miqra according to the Masorah · License: CC-BY-SA
  • English: The Koren Jerusalem Bible · License: CC-BY-NC
  • Hebrew: On Your Way · License: PD

Where next