Tanach
Yoel 2:1-14 יואל ב׳:א׳-י״ד
Part of: Chapter 2
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
תִּקְעוּ שׁוֹפָר בְּצִיּוֹן וְהָרִיעוּ בְּהַר קׇדְשִׁי יִרְגְּזוּ כֹּל יֹשְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ כִּי־בָא יוֹם־יְהֹוָה כִּי קָרֽוֹב׃
Blow the shofar in Żiyyon, and sound an alarm in my holy mountain: let all the inhabitants of the land tremble: for the day of the Lord comes, for it is near at hand;
Blow the shofar in Żiyyon, and sound an alarm in my holy mountain: let all the inhabitants of the land tremble: for the day of the Lord comes, for it is near at hand;
Rashi
יוֹם ה׳. מַה שֶׁאָמַרְנוּ לְמַעְלָה:
the day of the Lord—which we mentioned above.
יוֹם חֹשֶׁךְ וַאֲפֵלָה יוֹם עָנָן וַעֲרָפֶל כְּשַׁחַר פָּרֻשׂ עַל־הֶהָרִים עַם רַב וְעָצוּם כָּמֹהוּ לֹא נִֽהְיָה מִן־הָעוֹלָם וְאַֽחֲרָיו לֹא יוֹסֵף עַד־שְׁנֵי דּוֹר וָדֽוֹר׃
a day of darkness and of gloom, a day of clouds and of thick darkness. Like twilight spread over the mountains, a great people and a mighty; there has not been ever the like, nor shall there be any more such after them, to the years of many generations.
a day of darkness and of gloom, a day of clouds and of thick darkness. Like twilight spread over the mountains, a great people and a mighty; there has not been ever the like, nor shall there be any more such after them, to the years of many generations.
Rashi
כְּשַׁחַר פָּרֻשׂ עַל הֶהָרִים. הָאַרְבֶּה וְהַגָּזָם נִפְרָשִׂים עַל הֶהָרִים כְּשַׁחַר הַנִּפְרָשׂ בְּכָל הָעוֹלָם:
like the dawn, spread over the mountains—The increasing locusts and the shearing locusts are spread over the mountains as the dawn is spread over the entire world.
כָּמֹהוּ לֹא נִהְיָה מִן הָעוֹלָם. לָבוֹא כָּל הַמִּינִים הַלָּלוּ זֶה אַחַר זֶה, אֲבָל מִין אַרְבֶּה לְבַדּוֹ לֹא הָיָה כְּמוֹ אוֹתוֹ שֶׁל מִצְרַיִם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״וְאַחֲרָיו לֹא יִהְיֶה כֵּן״ (שמות י:יד):
the like of which has never been—that all these species should come one after the other, but the species of arbeh alone did not equal that of Egypt, concerning which it is stated: (Exodus 10:14) “And after it there shall not be so.”
לְפָנָיו אָכְלָה אֵשׁ וְאַחֲרָיו תְּלַהֵט לֶהָבָה כְּגַן־עֵדֶן הָאָרֶץ לְפָנָיו וְאַֽחֲרָיו מִדְבַּר שְׁמָמָה וְגַם־פְּלֵיטָה לֹא־הָיְתָה לּֽוֹ׃
A fire devours before them; and behind them blazes a flame: the land is like the garden of ῾Eden before them, and behind them a desolate wilderness; and nothing escapes them.
A fire devours before them; and behind them blazes a flame: the land is like the garden of ῾Eden before them, and behind them a desolate wilderness; and nothing escapes them.
Rashi
לְפָנָיו אָכְלָה אֵשׁ. מַשְׁחִיתִים אֶת הַכֹּל כְּאִלּוּ אֵשׁ אוֹכֶלֶת לִפְנֵיהֶם וְלֶהָבָה מְלַהֶטֶת אַחֲרֵיהֶם:
Fire consumes before it—They destroy everything as though a fire consumes before them and a flame blazes after them.
כְּגַן עֵדֶן. הָיְתָה הָאָרֶץ לִפְנֵי בּוֹאוֹ וְאַחַר שֶׁיֵּלֵךְ הִנִּיחַ אֶת הָאָרֶץ כְּמִדְבַּר שְׁמָמָה:
like the Garden of Eden—was the land before it came, and, after it goes, it leaves the land like a desert wasteland.
כְּמַרְאֵה סוּסִים מַרְאֵהוּ וּכְפָרָשִׁים כֵּן יְרוּצֽוּן׃
The appearance of them is like the appearance of horses; and as horsemen, so do they run.
The appearance of them is like the appearance of horses; and as horsemen, so do they run.
Rashi
כְּמַרְאֵה סוּסִים מַרְאֵהוּ. בִּמְרוּצָתוֹ:
Like the appearance of horses is its appearance—I.e., in their running.
כְּקוֹל מַרְכָּבוֹת עַל־רָאשֵׁי הֶהָרִים יְרַקֵּדוּן כְּקוֹל לַהַב אֵשׁ אֹכְלָה קָשׁ כְּעַם עָצוּם עֱרוּךְ מִלְחָמָֽה׃
Like the noise of chariots on the tops of mountains they leap; like the noise of a flame of fire that devours the stubble, like a strong people set in battle array.
Like the noise of chariots on the tops of mountains they leap; like the noise of a flame of fire that devours the stubble, like a strong people set in battle array.
Rashi
כְּקוֹל לַהַב. הָאוֹכֶלֶת קַשׁ מַשְׁמַעַת קוֹל:
like the sound of a flame—A flame, consuming stubble, makes noise.
עֱרוּךְ מִלְחָמָה. לְפִי שֶׁהוּא דָבוּק נָקוּד חֲטַף סְגוֹל:
arrayed for battle Heb. עֱרוּךְ. Since it is in the construct state, it is vowelized with a “hataf segol.”
מִפָּנָיו יָחִילוּ עַמִּים כׇּל־פָּנִים קִבְּצוּ פָארֽוּר׃
At their presence the peoples are in anguish: all faces are covered with blackness.
At their presence the peoples are in anguish: all faces are covered with blackness.
Rashi
קִבְּצוּ פָּארוּר. שַׁחֲרוּת כַּקְּדֵרָה כְּמָה דְאַתְּ אָמַר ״וּבִשְּׁלוּ בַפָּרוּר״ (במדבר יא:ח). וְאָלֶף הַכְּתוּבָה יְתֵרָה הִיא וְאֵינָהּ נִקְרֵאת:
gather blackness Heb. קִבְּצוּ פָּארוּר. Blackness like a pot, Cf. (Num. 11:8) “And they cooked in a pot (בַּפָּרוּר).” The “aleph” is superfluous, and it is not read.
כְּגִבּוֹרִים יְרֻצוּן כְּאַנְשֵׁי מִלְחָמָה יַעֲלוּ חוֹמָה וְאִישׁ בִּדְרָכָיו יֵֽלֵכוּן וְלֹא יְעַבְּטוּן אֹרְחוֹתָֽם׃
They run like mighty men; they climb the wall like men of war; and they march everyone on his ways; and they do not break their ranks:
They run like mighty men; they climb the wall like men of war; and they march everyone on his ways; and they do not break their ranks:
Rashi
וְלֹא יְעַבְּטוּן. אֵין לוֹ דִמְיוֹן וּפִתְרוֹנוֹ לְפִי עִנְיָנוֹ לֹא יְעַקְּלוּן:
and they do not make... crooked Heb. וְעַבְּטוּן. This has no comparison, but its interpretation according to its context is: they do not make crooked.
וְאִישׁ אָחִיו לֹא יִדְחָקוּן גֶּבֶר בִּמְסִלָּתוֹ יֵלֵכוּן וּבְעַד הַשֶּׁלַח יִפֹּלוּ לֹא יִבְצָֽעוּ׃
nor does one thrust another; they walk everyone in his path: and they burst through the weapons; they are not wounded.
nor does one thrust another; they walk everyone in his path: and they burst through the weapons; they are not wounded.
Rashi
וּבְעַד הַשֶּׁלַח. כְּמוֹ בְּעַד הַחַלּוֹנִים עַל פְּנֵי כְּלֵי זַיִן יִפְּלוּ וְיַחֲנוּ:
and upon the swords Heb. וּבְעַד הַשֶּׁלַח, (verse 9) “through the windows (בְּעַד הַחַלוֹנִים).” Upon the weapons they fall and camp.
וְלֹא יִבְצָעוּ. וְלֹא יְקַבְּלוּן מָמוֹן. וְיוֹנָתָן פָּתַר בּוֹ לְשׁוֹן ׳שְׁלִיחוּת׳ בִּשְׁבִיל שְׁלִיחוּת שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מַפִּילִין עַצְמָן וּבֶצַע כֶּסֶף לֹא לָקָחוּ:
they do not receive monetary gain Heb. לֹא יִבְצָעוּ. They do not receive monetary gain. And Jonathan interpreted it (הַשֶּׁלַח) as an expression of an errand. Because of the errand of the Holy One, blessed be He, they cast themselves down, and they do not receive monetary gain.
בָּעִיר יָשֹׁקּוּ בַּֽחוֹמָה יְרֻצוּן בַּבָּתִּים יַעֲלוּ בְּעַד הַחַלּוֹנִים יָבֹאוּ כַּגַּנָּֽב׃
They run to and fro in the city; they run upon the wall, they climb up into the houses; they enter in at the windows like a thief.
They run to and fro in the city; they run upon the wall, they climb up into the houses; they enter in at the windows like a thief.
Rashi
בָּעִיר יָשֹׁקּוּ. לְשׁוֹן הַשְׁמָעַת קוֹל כְּמוֹ ״כְּמַשַּׁק גֵּבִים״ (ישעיהו לג:ד) ״דֹּב שׁוֹקֵק״ (משלי כח) ״מִמְשַׁק חָרוּל״ (צפניה ב:ט). וְיוֹנָתָן תִּרְגֵּם לְשׁוֹן ׳נֶשֶׁק׳ ״מִזְדַּיְּנִין״:
In the city they clatter Heb. יָשֹׁקּוּ. This is an expression of making a din. Cf. (Isa. 33:4) “like the roaring (כְּמַשַּׁק) of the cisterns”; (Prov. 28: 15) “A growling (שּׁוֹקֵק) bear”; (Zeph. 2:9) “the clattering of (מִמְשַׁק) the thorns.” Jonathan, however, renders it as an expression of arms (נֶשֶק). They are armed.
לְפָנָיו רָגְזָה אֶרֶץ רָעֲשׁוּ שָׁמָיִם שֶׁמֶשׁ וְיָרֵחַ קָדָרוּ וְכוֹכָבִים אָסְפוּ נׇגְהָֽם׃
The earth quakes before them; the heavens tremble: the sun and the moon are darkened, and the stars withdraw their shining:
The earth quakes before them; the heavens tremble: the sun and the moon are darkened, and the stars withdraw their shining:
Rashi
רָעֲשׁוּ שָׁמָיִם. בִּשְׁבִיל פֻּרְעָנוּת הַבָּאָה עַל יִשְׂרָאֵל רוֹגְזִים וְרוֹעֲשִׁים:
the heavens tremble—Because of the retribution coming upon Israel, they quake and tremble.
אָסְפוּ נָגְהָם. הִכְנִיסוּ אוֹרָן:
withdraw their shining—Take in their light.
וַיהֹוָה נָתַן קוֹלוֹ לִפְנֵי חֵילוֹ כִּי רַב מְאֹד מַחֲנֵהוּ כִּי עָצוּם עֹשֵׂה דְבָרוֹ כִּֽי־גָדוֹל יוֹם־יְהֹוָה וְנוֹרָא מְאֹד וּמִי יְכִילֶֽנּוּ׃
and the Lord utters his voice before his army: for his camp is very great: for he who executes his word is strong: for the day of the Lord is great and very terrible; and who can abide it?
and the Lord utters his voice before his army: for his camp is very great: for he who executes his word is strong: for the day of the Lord is great and very terrible; and who can abide it?
Rashi
וַה׳ נָתַן. עֲלֵיהֶם קוֹלוֹ בְּמַאֲמַר נְבִיאָיו לִפְנֵי שָׁלְחוֹ בָּהֶם אֶת חֵילוֹ זֶה:
And the Lord gave forth (upon them) His voice—by the statement of His prophets prior to His sending this host of His.
כִּי רַב מְאֹד מַחֲנֵהוּ. אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁלַח בָּכֶם אִם לֹא תֵּטִיבוּן:
for His camp is great—I.e, the camp He will send against you if you do not improve.
וְגַם־עַתָּה נְאֻם־יְהֹוָה שֻׁבוּ עָדַי בְּכׇל־לְבַבְכֶם וּבְצוֹם וּבִבְכִי וּבְמִסְפֵּֽד׃
Yet even now, says the Lord, turn to me with all your heart, and with fasting, and with weeping, and with mourning:
Yet even now, says the Lord, turn to me with all your heart, and with fasting, and with weeping, and with mourning:
וְקִרְעוּ לְבַבְכֶם וְאַל־בִּגְדֵיכֶם וְשׁוּבוּ אֶל־יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם כִּֽי־חַנּוּן וְרַחוּם הוּא אֶרֶךְ אַפַּיִם וְרַב־חֶסֶד וְנִחָם עַל־הָרָעָֽה׃
and rend your hearts, and not your garments, and turn to the Lord your God: for he is gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and great in love, and repents of evil.
and rend your hearts, and not your garments, and turn to the Lord your God: for he is gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and great in love, and repents of evil.
Rashi
וְאַל בִּגְדֵיכֶם. כִּי אֵינִי חָשׁ לִקְרִיעַת בִּגְדֵיכֶם. דָּבָר אַחֵר קִרְעוּ לְבַבְכֶם וְאַל תִּצְטָרְכוּ לִקְרֹעַ בִּגְדֵיכֶם מֵחֲמַת אֵבֶל:
and not your garments—for I do not pay heed to the rending of your garments. Another explanation: Rend your hearts and you will not need to rend your garments because of mourning.
וְנִחָם עַל הָרָעָה. נֶהְפַּךְ לְמַחֲשָׁבָה אַחֶרֶת:
and He repents of the evil—I.e., He turns to another thought.
מִי יוֹדֵעַ יָשׁוּב וְנִחָם וְהִשְׁאִיר אַחֲרָיו בְּרָכָה מִנְחָה וָנֶסֶךְ לַיהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃ {פ}
Who knows whether he will not turn and relent, and leave a blessing behind him; a meal offering and a drink offering for the Lord your God?
Who knows whether he will not turn and relent, and leave a blessing behind him; a meal offering and a drink offering for the Lord your God?
Rashi
מִי יוֹדֵעַ. שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ עָוֹן יָשׁוּב וְנִחָם:
Whoever knows—that he is guilty of iniquity.
וְהִשְׁאִיר. הֶחָסִיל וְהַגָּזָם אַחֲרָיו בְּרָכָה עַל יְדֵי הַתְּשׁוּבָה תָּבֹא בְּרָכָה בַּפֵּרוֹת:
shall return and repent, and it shall leave—I.e., the hasil and the gazam will leave a blessing after it; through the repentance, a blessing will come in the produce.
תִּקְעוּ שׁוֹפָר. לְהַשְׁמִיעָם שֶׁיָּשׁוּבוּ בִּתְשׁוּבָה בְּטֶרֶם תְּבוֹאתָם הָרָעָה הַזֹּאת:
Sound a shophar—to announce to them that they should repent before the evil befalls them.