Tanach
Bamidbar 11:23-35 במדבר י״א:כ״ג-ל״ה
Part of: Beha'alotchaBeha'alotcha, Aliyah 6Beha'alotcha, Aliyah 7Chapter 11
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
וַיֹּאמֶר יְהֹוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה הֲיַד יְהֹוָה תִּקְצָר עַתָּה תִרְאֶה הֲיִקְרְךָ דְבָרִי אִם־לֹֽא׃
Adonoy said to Moshe: “Has the Hand of Adonoy become short ? Now you will see if My words will occur unto you or not.”
Adonoy said to Moshe: “Has the Hand of Adonoy become short ? Now you will see if My words will occur unto you or not.”
Rashi
וַיֵּצֵא מֹשֶׁה וַיְדַבֵּר אֶל־הָעָם אֵת דִּבְרֵי יְהֹוָה וַיֶּאֱסֹף שִׁבְעִים אִישׁ מִזִּקְנֵי הָעָם וַֽיַּעֲמֵד אֹתָם סְבִיבֹת הָאֹֽהֶל׃
Moshe went out and spoke the words of Adonoy to the people, and he gathered seventy men from the elders of the people and he had them stand around the Tent.
Moshe went out and spoke the words of Adonoy to the people, and he gathered seventy men from the elders of the people and he had them stand around the Tent.
וַיֵּרֶד יְהֹוָה ׀ בֶּעָנָן וַיְדַבֵּר אֵלָיו וַיָּאצֶל מִן־הָרוּחַ אֲשֶׁר עָלָיו וַיִּתֵּן עַל־שִׁבְעִים אִישׁ הַזְּקֵנִים וַיְהִי כְּנוֹחַ עֲלֵיהֶם הָרוּחַ וַיִּֽתְנַבְּאוּ וְלֹא יָסָֽפוּ׃
Adonoy descended in a cloud and spoke to him, and He magnified the spirit which was upon him and He gave it unto the seventy men, [who were] the elders. When the spirit came to rest upon them they prophesied, and they did not cease.
Adonoy descended in a cloud and spoke to him, and He magnified the spirit which was upon him and He gave it unto the seventy men, [who were] the elders. When the spirit came to rest upon them they prophesied, and they did not cease.
Rashi
ולא יספו. לֹא נִתְנַבְּאוּ אֶלָּא אוֹתוֹ הַיּוֹם לְבַדּוֹ, כָּךְ מְפֹרָשׁ בְּסִפְרֵי, וְאֻנְקְלוֹס תִּרְגֵּם "וְלָא פָסְקִין", שֶׁלֹּא פָסְקָה נְבוּאָה מֵהֶם:
And did not cease. They did not prophesy, except for that day alone — this is clearly stated by Sifri. But Onkelos renders “and did not cease” — prophesy did not cease from them.
וַיִּשָּׁאֲרוּ שְׁנֵֽי־אֲנָשִׁים ׀ בַּֽמַּחֲנֶה שֵׁם הָאֶחָד ׀ אֶלְדָּד וְשֵׁם הַשֵּׁנִי מֵידָד וַתָּנַח עֲלֵהֶם הָרוּחַ וְהֵמָּה בַּכְּתֻבִים וְלֹא יָצְאוּ הָאֹהֱלָה וַיִּֽתְנַבְּאוּ בַּֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃
Two people remained in the camp; one’s name was Eldad and the second one’s name was Meidad. The spirit rested upon them; they were among those inscribed, and they did not go out to the Tent, and they prophesied in the camp.
Two people remained in the camp; one’s name was Eldad and the second one’s name was Meidad. The spirit rested upon them; they were among those inscribed, and they did not go out to the Tent, and they prophesied in the camp.
Rashi
וישארו שני אנשים. מֵאוֹתָן שֶׁנִּבְחֲרוּ, אָמְרוּ אֵין אָנוּ כְּדַאי לִגְדֻלָּה זוֹ (עי' סנהדרין י"ז):
Two people remained. Of those chosen. They said, ‘We are not worthy of such greatness.’
והמה בכתבים. בַּמְבֹרָרִים שֶׁבָּהֶם לְסַנְהֶדְרִין, וְנִכְתְּבוּ כֻלָּם נְקוּבִים בְּשֵׁמוֹת וְעַ"יְ גּוֹרָל, לְפִי שֶׁהַחֶשְׁבּוֹן עוֹלֶה לְי"ב שְׁבָטִים שִׁשָּׁה שִׁשָּׁה לְכָל שֵׁבֶט וָשֵׁבֶט, חוּץ מִשְּׁנֵי שְׁבָטִים שֶׁאֵין מַגִּיעַ אֲלֵיהֶם אֶלָּא חֲמִשָּׁה חֲמִשָּׁה, אָמַר מֹשֶׁה אֵין שֵׁבֶט שׁוֹמֵעַ לִי לִפְחוֹת מִשִּׁבְטוֹ זָקֵן אֶחָד, מֶה עָשָׂה, נָטַל ע"ב פְתָקִין וְכָתַב עַל שִׁבְעִים "זָקֵן" וְעַל שְׁנַיִם חָלָק וּבֵרֵר מִכָּל שֵׁבֶט וָשֵׁבֶט שִׁשָּה, וְהָיוּ ע"ב, אָמַר לָהֶם, טְלוּ פִתְקֵיכֶם מִתּוֹךְ קַלְפִּי, מִי שֶׁעָלָה בְיָדוֹ "זָקֵן" נִתְקַדֵּשׁ, מִי שֶׁעָלָה בְיָדוֹ חָלָק אָמַר לוֹ, הַמָּקוֹם לֹא חָפֵץ בָּךְ (ספרי; סנהדרין י"ז):
They were among those inscribed. Among those chosen for the Sanhedrin. They were all inscribed specifically by names, and by drawing lots. Since the appropriate amount for twelve tribes was six for each tribe, except for two tribes, each of whom received only five, Moshe said: No tribe will listen to me to subtract one elder from its tribe. What did he do? He took seventy two notes, wrote “elder” on seventy and left two blank. He then chose six from each tribe, totaling seventy two. He told them, ‘Take your notes from the container.’ Whoever chose “elder” was sanctified; to those who chose the empty ones, he said, “The Omnipresent does not want you.”
וַיָּרׇץ הַנַּעַר וַיַּגֵּד לְמֹשֶׁה וַיֹּאמַר אֶלְדָּד וּמֵידָד מִֽתְנַבְּאִים בַּֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃
The youth ran and told Moshe, and said: “Eldad and Meidad are prophesying in the camp.”
The youth ran and told Moshe, and said: “Eldad and Meidad are prophesying in the camp.”
Rashi
וירץ הנער. יֵ"א גֵּרְשׁוֹם בֶּן מֹשֶׁה הָיָה (עי' ילקוט):
The youth ran. Some say this was Gershom, the son of Moshe.
וַיַּעַן יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בִּן־נוּן מְשָׁרֵת מֹשֶׁה מִבְּחֻרָיו וַיֹּאמַר אֲדֹנִי מֹשֶׁה כְּלָאֵֽם׃
Yehoshua the son of Nun answered, [he being] the attendant of Moshe, from his youth, and he said: “My master Moshe, destroy them!”
Yehoshua the son of Nun answered, [he being] the attendant of Moshe, from his youth, and he said: “My master Moshe, destroy them!”
Rashi
כלאם. הַטֵּל עֲלֵיהֶם צָרְכֵי צִבּוּר וְהֵם כָּלִים מֵאֲלֵיהֶם; דָּ"אַ, תְּנֵם אֶל בֵּית הַכֶּלֶא, לְפִי שֶׁהָיוּ מִתְנַבְּאִים מֹשֶׁה מֵת וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ מַכְנִיס אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל לָאָרֶץ (עי' ספרי):
Destroy them. Burden them with communal responsibility, and they will destroy themselves. Another interpretation: Detain them in prison, because they prophesied that Moshe would die and Yehoshua would bring the Israelites into the land.
וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ מֹשֶׁה הַֽמְקַנֵּא אַתָּה לִי וּמִי יִתֵּן כׇּל־עַם יְהֹוָה נְבִיאִים כִּי־יִתֵּן יְהֹוָה אֶת־רוּחוֹ עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃
Moshe said to him, “Are you vengeful for me? Would (that) it be that all Adonoy’s people were prophets, that Adonoy would give His Spirit upon them.”
Moshe said to him, “Are you vengeful for me? Would (that) it be that all Adonoy’s people were prophets, that Adonoy would give His Spirit upon them.”
Rashi
המקנא אתה לי. הֲקִנְאָתִי אַתָּה מְקַנֵּא:
Are you vengeful for me? Are you my avenger? Do you take my vengeance for me?
לי. כְּמוֹ בִּשְׁבִילִי; כָּל לְשׁוֹן קִנְאָה אָדָם הַנּוֹתֵן לֵב עַל הַדָּבָר, אוֹ לִנְקֹם, אוֹ לַעֲזֹר, אנפר"מנט בְּלַעַז, אוֹחֵז בְּעֹבִי הַמַּשָּׂא:
לִי meaning the same as בִּשְׁבִילִי, “for my sake.” קִנְאָה always denotes a person who takes something to heart, whether to avenge or to assist. “enprenment” in Old French, one who grasps the bulk of the burden.
וַיֵּאָסֵף מֹשֶׁה אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶה הוּא וְזִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
Moshe entered into the camp, he and the elders of Israel.
Moshe entered into the camp, he and the elders of Israel.
Rashi
ויאסף משה. מִפֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד:
Moshe entered From the entrance to the Tent of Meeting.
אל המחנה. נִכְנְסוּ אִישׁ לְאָהֳלוֹ:
Into the camp. Everyone entered his [own] tent.
ויאסף. לְשׁוֹן כְּנִיסָה אֶל הַבַּיִת, כְּמוֹ "וַאֲסַפְתּוֹ אֶל תּוֹךְ בֵּיתֶךָ" (דברים כב, ב), וְאָב לְכֻלָּם "יִצְבֹּר וְלֹא יֵדַע מִי אֹסְפָם" (תהלים לט, ז), מְלַמֵּד שֶׁלֹא הֵבִיא עֲלֵיהֶם פֻּרְעָנוּת עַד שֶׁנִּכְנְסוּ הַצַּדִּיקִים אִישׁ לְאָהֳלוֹ (ספרי):
Entered. The connotation is to enter a house, as in, “Bring it into your house.” The source for this general connotation is, “He gathers, but does not know who will bring it in.” This teaches that he did not visit punishment upon them until each of the righteous had entered his tent.
וְרוּחַ נָסַע ׀ מֵאֵת יְהֹוָה וַיָּגׇז שַׂלְוִים מִן־הַיָּם וַיִּטֹּשׁ עַל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶה כְּדֶרֶךְ יוֹם כֹּה וּכְדֶרֶךְ יוֹם כֹּה סְבִיבוֹת הַֽמַּחֲנֶה וּכְאַמָּתַיִם עַל־פְּנֵי הָאָֽרֶץ׃
From Adonoy there gusted a wind and He caused quail to fly from the sea and spread them over the camp, about a day’s journey from this side and about a day’s journey from that side, around the camp, and about two amo¯s above the ground’s surface.
From Adonoy there gusted a wind and He caused quail to fly from the sea and spread them over the camp, about a day’s journey from this side and about a day’s journey from that side, around the camp, and about two amo¯s above the ground’s surface.
Rashi
ויגז. וַיַּפְרִיחַ, וְכֵן "כִּי גָז חִישׁ" (תהילים צ'), וְכֵן "נָגוֹזּוּ וְעָבָר" (נחום א'):
And He caused to fly. Caused to fly. Similarly, “for it flies by quickly,” Also, “they flew by and passed through.”
ויטש. וַיַּפְשֵׁט, כְּמוֹ "וְהִנֵּה נְטֻשִׁים עַל פְּנֵי כָל הָאָרֶץ" (שמואל א ל'), "וּנְטַשְׁתִּיךָ הַמִּדְבָּרָה" (יחזקאל כ"ט):
And spread them. It spread, as in, “Behold, they are spread over the face of all the land,” “I will spread you into the wilderness.”
וכאמתים. פּוֹרְחוֹת בַּגֹּבַהּ, עַד שֶׁהֵן כְּנֶגֶד לִבּוֹ שֶׁל אָדָם, כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא טוֹרֵחַ בַּאֲסִיפָתָן לֹא לְהַגְבִּיהַּ וְלֹא לִשְׁחוֹת (ספרי):
About two amos. They flew to a height which corresponded with a person’s heart, so that it would not be tedious to gather them, neither to rise nor to bend.
וַיָּקׇם הָעָם כׇּל־הַיּוֹם הַהוּא וְכׇל־הַלַּיְלָה וְכֹל ׀ יוֹם הַֽמׇּחֳרָת וַיַּֽאַסְפוּ אֶת־הַשְּׂלָו הַמַּמְעִיט אָסַף עֲשָׂרָה חֳמָרִים וַיִּשְׁטְחוּ לָהֶם שָׁטוֹחַ סְבִיבוֹת הַֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃
The people arose all of that day, the entire night and the entire next day, and they gathered the quail. He who gathered the least amount, gathered ten heaps and they spread them for themselves around the camp.
The people arose all of that day, the entire night and the entire next day, and they gathered the quail. He who gathered the least amount, gathered ten heaps and they spread them for themselves around the camp.
Rashi
הממעיט. מִי שֶׁאוֹסֵף פָּחוֹת מִכֻּלָּם, הָעֲצֵלִים וְהַחִגְּרִים, אסף עשרה חמרים (שם):
He who gathered the least. The one who gathered least of all — the lazy and the lame — gathered ten heaps.
וישטחו. עָשׂוּ אוֹתָן מַשְׁטִיחִין מַשְׁטִיחִין (שם):
They spread them. They spread them into numerous piles.
הַבָּשָׂר עוֹדֶנּוּ בֵּין שִׁנֵּיהֶם טֶרֶם יִכָּרֵת וְאַף יְהֹוָה חָרָה בָעָם וַיַּךְ יְהֹוָה בָּעָם מַכָּה רַבָּה מְאֹֽד׃
The meat was still between their teeth before it was [even] finished, when the wrath of Adonoy was incited upon the people, and Adonoy smote the people an enormous blow.
The meat was still between their teeth before it was [even] finished, when the wrath of Adonoy was incited upon the people, and Adonoy smote the people an enormous blow.
Rashi
טרם יכרת. כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ "עַד לָא פְסַק"; דָּ"אַ, אֵינוֹ מַסְפִּיק לְפָסְקוֹ בְּשִׁנָּיו עַד שֶׁנִּשְׁמָתוֹ יוֹצְאָה:
Before it was finished. As Targum [Onkelos] renders, עַד לָא פְסַק, (before it was finished). Another interpretation: There was no opportunity to cut it with his teeth, when he expired.
וַיִּקְרָא אֶת־שֵֽׁם־הַמָּקוֹם הַהוּא קִבְרוֹת הַֽתַּאֲוָה כִּי־שָׁם קָֽבְרוּ אֶת־הָעָם הַמִּתְאַוִּֽים׃
He called the name of that place Kivros Hataavoh, for it was there that they buried the people who had these cravings.
He called the name of that place Kivros Hataavoh, for it was there that they buried the people who had these cravings.
מִקִּבְרוֹת הַֽתַּאֲוָה נָסְעוּ הָעָם חֲצֵרוֹת וַיִּהְיוּ בַּחֲצֵרֽוֹת׃ {פ}
From Kivros Hataavoh the people journeyed to Chatzeiros, and they stayed in Chatzeiros.
From Kivros Hataavoh the people journeyed to Chatzeiros, and they stayed in Chatzeiros.
עתה תראה היקרך דברי. רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל בְּנוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי יְהוּדָה הַנָּשִׂיא אוֹמֵר, אִי אֶפְשָׁר לַעֲמֹד עַל הַטָּפֵל, מֵאַחַר שֶׁאֵינָן מְבַקְשִׁים אֶלָּא עֲלִילָה, לֹא תַסְפִּיק לָהֶם, סוֹפָן לָדוּן אַחֲרֶיךָ: אִם אַתָּה נוֹתֵן לָהֶם בְּשַׂר בְּהֵמָה גַסָּה, יֹאמְרוּ דַּקָּה בִקַּשְׁנוּ, וְאִם אַתָּה נוֹתֵן לָהֶם דַּקָּה, יֹאמְרוּ גַּסָּה בִקַּשְׁנוּ, חַיָּה וָעוֹף בִּקַּשְׁנוּ, דָּגִים וַחֲגָבִים בִּקַּשְׁנוּ, אָמַר לוֹ, אִם כֵּן יֹאמְרוּ שֶׁקָּצְרָה יָדִי, אָמַר לְפָנָיו, הֲרֵינִי הוֹלֵךְ וּמְפַיְּסָן, אָמַר לוֹ עתה תראה היקרך דברי — שֶׁלֹּא יִשְׁמְעוּ לְךָ. הָלַךְ מֹשֶׁה לְפַיְּסָן, אָמַר לָהֶם היד ה' תקצר, "הֵן הִכָּה צוּר וַיָּזוּבוּ מַיִם וְגוֹ' הֲגַם לֶחֶם יוּכַל תֵּת" (תהלים ע"ח), אָמְרוּ, פְּשָׁרָה הִיא זוֹ, אֵין בּוֹ כֹּחַ לְמַלֹּאות שְׁאֵלָתֵנוּ; וְזֶהוּ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ויצא משה וידבר אל העם, כֵּיוָן שֶׁלֹּא שָׁמְעוּ לוֹ, ויאסף שבעים איש וגו' (עי' ספרי):
Now you will see if My words will occur. Raban Gamliel, son of R’ Yehudah Hanasi said: (Moshe said:) “It is impossible to maintain one’s position in [such] a dispute. Since they only seek a pretext, You cannot satisfy them, in the end they will judge You critically. If You give them beef, they will say ‘we wanted mutton,’ if You give them mutton, they will say ‘we wanted beef, we wanted wild game or fowl, we wanted fish or locusts.’ He (God) said to him: ‘If so, they will say My power is limited.’ He (Moshe) said before Him: ‘Here, I will go and appease them.’ He (God) said: ‘Now you will see if My word occurs — they will not listen to you.’ Moshe went to appease them. He said to them: ‘Is God’s power limited? Behold, He struck the rock and water flowed, etc., then He can also provide bread.’ They said: ‘This is a compromise — He does not have the power to fulfill our request.”’ This is what is meant when it says, “Moshe went out and spoke to the people.” When they didn’t listen to him — “He gathered seventy men, etc.”