Tanach
Bamidbar 33:50-56 במדבר ל״ג:נ׳-נ״ו
Part of: MaseiMasei, Aliyah 3Chapter 33
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
וַיְדַבֵּר יְהֹוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה בְּעַֽרְבֹת מוֹאָב עַל־יַרְדֵּן יְרֵחוֹ לֵאמֹֽר׃
Adonoy spoke to Moshe in the plains of Moav along the Yardein [near] Yereicho, saying:
Adonoy spoke to Moshe in the plains of Moav along the Yardein [near] Yereicho, saying:
דַּבֵּר אֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵהֶם כִּי אַתֶּם עֹבְרִים אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּן אֶל־אֶרֶץ כְּנָֽעַן׃
“Speak to Bnei Yisroel and say to them: ‘When you cross the Yardein to the land of Canaan,
“Speak to Bnei Yisroel and say to them: ‘When you cross the Yardein to the land of Canaan,
Rashi
וְהוֹרַשְׁתֶּם אֶת־כׇּל־יֹשְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ מִפְּנֵיכֶם וְאִבַּדְתֶּם אֵת כׇּל־מַשְׂכִּיֹּתָם וְאֵת כׇּל־צַלְמֵי מַסֵּֽכֹתָם תְּאַבֵּדוּ וְאֵת כׇּל־בָּמוֹתָם תַּשְׁמִֽידוּ׃
you must drive out all of the inhabitants of the land before you. You must destroy all their carved stones, and demolish all their cast metal idols and tear down all their altars.
you must drive out all of the inhabitants of the land before you. You must destroy all their carved stones, and demolish all their cast metal idols and tear down all their altars.
Rashi
והורשתם. וְגֵרַשְׁתֶּם:
You must drive out. You shall oust.
משכיתם. כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ — "בֵּית סִגְדַּתְהוֹן", עַל שֵׁם שֶׁהָיוּ מְסַכְּכִין אֶת הַקַּרְקַע בְּרִצְפַּת אֲבָנִים שֶׁל שַׁיִשׁ לְהִשְׁתַּחֲווֹת עֲלֵיהֶם בְּפִשּׁוּט יָדַיִם וְרַגְלַיִם, כְּדִכְתִיב "וְאֶבֶן מַשְׂכִּית לֹא תִתְּנוּ בְּאַרְצְכֶם לְהִשְׁתַּחֲוֹת עָלֶיהָ" (ויקרא כ"ו):
Their carved stones. As Targum [Onkelos] renders, בֵּית סִגְדַּתְהוֹן, “their houses of worship,” so named because they would overlay the ground with a marblestone floor on which to prostrate themselves with arms and legs extended, as it is written, “overlaid stones you shall not place, in your land, on which to prostrate yourselves.”
מסכתם. כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ — "מַתְּכַתְהוֹן":
Their cast. As Targum [Onkelos] renders, מַתְּכַתְהוֹן, “their molten.”
וְהוֹרַשְׁתֶּם אֶת־הָאָרֶץ וִֽישַׁבְתֶּם־בָּהּ כִּי לָכֶם נָתַתִּי אֶת־הָאָרֶץ לָרֶשֶׁת אֹתָֽהּ׃
Drive out [the inhabitants of] the land and settle in it, because I have given this land to you to possess.
Drive out [the inhabitants of] the land and settle in it, because I have given this land to you to possess.
Rashi
והורשתם את הארץ. וְהוֹרַשְׁתֶּם אוֹתָהּ מִיּוֹשְׁבֶיהָ, וְאָז וישבתם בה — תּוּכְלוּ לְהִתְקַיֵּם בָּהּ, וְאִם לָאו — לֹא תוּכְלוּ לְהִתְקַיֵּם בָּהּ:
Drive out [the inhabitants of] the land. Make it vacant of its inhabitants, and then “you shall dwell in it” — you shall be able to endure there, but if not, you shall be unable to endure there.
וְהִתְנַחַלְתֶּם אֶת־הָאָרֶץ בְּגוֹרָל לְמִשְׁפְּחֹֽתֵיכֶם לָרַב תַּרְבּוּ אֶת־נַחֲלָתוֹ וְלַמְעַט תַּמְעִיט אֶת־נַחֲלָתוֹ אֶל אֲשֶׁר־יֵצֵא לוֹ שָׁמָּה הַגּוֹרָל לוֹ יִהְיֶה לְמַטּוֹת אֲבֹתֵיכֶם תִּתְנֶחָֽלוּ׃
You shall give the land as an inheritance to your families by means of a lottery; to the large [family] you shall increase its portion, to the small [family] you shall decrease its portion. To whomever the lottery [system] ordains, it shall be his; according to your paternal tribes shall you inherit.
You shall give the land as an inheritance to your families by means of a lottery; to the large [family] you shall increase its portion, to the small [family] you shall decrease its portion. To whomever the lottery [system] ordains, it shall be his; according to your paternal tribes shall you inherit.
Rashi
אל אשר יצא לו שמה. מִקְרָא קָצָר הוּא זֶה: אֶל מָקום אשר יצא לו שמה הגורל לו יהיה:
To whomever the lottery [system] ordains. This is a shortened passage, [meaning] “whichever ‘plot’ the lot indicates, shall belong to him’.”
למטות אבתיכם. לְפִי חֶשְׁבּוֹן יוֹצְאֵי מִצְרַיִם (בבא בתרא קי"ז); דָּ"אַ — בְּי"ב גְּבוּלִין כְּמִנְיַן הַשְּׁבָטִים:
According to your paternal tribes. Taking into account those who came out of Egypt. Another interpretation: With twelve border demarcations, following the number of tribes.
וְאִם־לֹא תוֹרִישׁוּ אֶת־יֹשְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ מִפְּנֵיכֶם וְהָיָה אֲשֶׁר תּוֹתִירוּ מֵהֶם לְשִׂכִּים בְּעֵינֵיכֶם וְלִצְנִינִם בְּצִדֵּיכֶם וְצָרְרוּ אֶתְכֶם עַל־הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר אַתֶּם יֹשְׁבִים בָּֽהּ׃
But if you do not drive out the inhabitants of the land before you, those whom you will leave over will be spikes in your eyes and thorns in your sides, and they will persecute you upon the land in which you settle.
But if you do not drive out the inhabitants of the land before you, those whom you will leave over will be spikes in your eyes and thorns in your sides, and they will persecute you upon the land in which you settle.
Rashi
והיה אשר תותירו מהם. יִהְיוּ לָכֶם לְרָעָה:
Those whom you will leave over. Shall be evil to you.
לשכים בעיניכם. לִיתֵדוֹת הַמְנַקְּרוֹת עֵינֵיכֶם, תַּרְגּוּם שֶׁל יְתֵדוֹת "שִׂיכַיָּא":
As spikes in your eyes. As spikes which will gouge your eyes out. Targum [Onkelos] renders “spikes” שִׂיכַּיָא .
ולצנינם. פּוֹתְרִין בּוֹ הַפּוֹתְרִים לְשׁוֹן מְסוּכַת קוֹצִים הַסּוֹכֶכֶת אֶתְכֶם, לִסְגֹּר וְלִכְלֹא אֶתְכֶם מֵאֵין יוֹצֵא וָבָא:
And thorns. The linguists construe this as denoting a barrier of thorns, which will enclose you, locking and confining you without exit or entrance.
וצררו אתכם. כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ:
And they will persecute you. As Targum [Onkelos] renders.
וְהָיָה כַּאֲשֶׁר דִּמִּיתִי לַעֲשׂוֹת לָהֶם אֶֽעֱשֶׂה לָכֶֽם׃ {פ}
And it shall be that what I had intended to do to them I will do to you.’”
And it shall be that what I had intended to do to them I will do to you.’”
כי אתם עברים את הירדן וגו' והורשתם וגו'. וַהֲלֹא כַמָּה פְעָמִים הֻזְהֲרוּ עַל כָּךְ? אֶלָּא כָּךְ אָמַר לָהֶם מֹשֶׁה כְּשֶׁאַתֶּם עוֹבְרִים בַּיַּרְדֵּן בַּיַּבָּשָׁה עַל מְנָת כֵּן תַּעַבְרוּ, וְאִם לָאו — מַיִם בָּאִין וְשׁוֹטְפִין אֶתְכֶם, וְכֵן מָצִינוּ שֶׁאָמַר לָהֶם יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (יהושע ד') בְּעוֹדָם בַּיַּרְדֵּן (סוטה ל"ד):
When you cross the Yardein, etc. You must drive out, etc. Were they not admonished several times concerning this? But this is what Moshe said to them: “When you cross the Yardein on dry land, you must cross on this condition, and if you do not, the waters will come and inundate you.” We find that Yehoshua spoke to them similarly while they were still in the Yardein.