Tanach
Devarim 22:8-9 דברים כ״ב:ח׳-ט׳
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
כִּי תִבְנֶה בַּיִת חָדָשׁ וְעָשִׂיתָ מַעֲקֶה לְגַגֶּךָ וְלֹֽא־תָשִׂים דָּמִים בְּבֵיתֶךָ כִּֽי־יִפֹּל הַנֹּפֵל מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃
When you build a new home, you are to make a fence for your roof; and do not place blood [liability] in your house, for someone who should fall may fall from it.
When you build a new home, you are to make a fence for your roof; and do not place blood [liability] in your house, for someone who should fall may fall from it.
Rashi
מעקה. גָּדֵר סָבִיב לַגַּג, וְאֻנְקְלוֹס תִּרְגֵּם "תְּיָקָא", כְּגוֹן תִּיק שֶׁמְּשַׁמֵּר מַה שֶּׁבְּתוֹכוֹ:
A fence. A fence around the roof. Onkelos translates תְּיָקָא, like תִּיק, “a container,” which protects its contents.
כי יפל הנפל. רָאוּי זֶה לִפֹּל, וְאַעַ"פִּ כֵן לֹא תִתְגַּלְגֵּל מִיתָתוֹ עַל יָדְךָ, שֶׁמְּגַלְגְּלִין זְכוּת עַל יְדֵי זַכַּאי וְחוֹבָה עַל יְדֵי חַיָּב (ספרי):
For someone who should fall may fall. He deserves to fall, but still, let his death not come about through you, as benefit is brought about through the meritorious, and injury through the guilty.
לֹא־תִזְרַע כַּרְמְךָ כִּלְאָיִם פֶּן־תִּקְדַּשׁ הַֽמְלֵאָה הַזֶּרַע אֲשֶׁר תִּזְרָע וּתְבוּאַת הַכָּֽרֶם׃ {ס}
Do not plant in your vineyard mixed species, lest the expansion become obnoxious—the seed that you plant—and the produce of the vineyard.
Do not plant in your vineyard mixed species, lest the expansion become obnoxious—the seed that you plant—and the produce of the vineyard.
Rashi
כלאים. חִטָּה וּשְׂעוֹרָה וְחַרְצָן בְּמַפֹּלֶת יָד (ברכות כ"ב):
Mixed species. Wheat, barley, and grapeseed, within a hand fling.
פן תקדש. כְּתַרְגוּמוֹ "תִּסְתָּאַב", כָּל דָּבָר הַנִּתְעָב עַל הָאָדָם, בֵּין לְשֶׁבַח כְּגוֹן הֶקְדֵּשׁ, בֵּין לִגְנַאי כְּגוֹן אִסּוּר, נוֹפֵל בּוֹ לְשׁוֹן קִדּוּשׁ, כְּמוֹ "אַל תִּגַּשׁ בִּי כִּי קִדַּשְׁתִּיךָ" (ישעיהו ס"ה):
Lest . . . becomes obnoxious. As Targum [Onkelos] renders, “becomes obnoxious.” Anything obnoxious to a person, whether laudable, as with sacred objects, or detestable, as with forbidden objects, is described by the term “obnoxious,” as in, “Do not approach me, for I have rendered you obnoxious.”
(המלאה. זֶה מִלּוּי וְתוֹסֶפֶת שֶׁהַזֶּרַע מוֹסִיף):
The expansion. This refers to the fullness and enlargement generated by the seed.
כי תבנה בית חדש. אִם קִיַּמְתָּ מִצְוַת שִׁלּוּחַ הַקֵּן, סוֹפְךָ לִבְנוֹת בַּיִת חָדָשׁ, וּתְקַיֵּם מִצְוַת מַעֲקֶה, שֶׁמִּצְוָה גּוֹרֶרֶת מִצְוָה, וְתַגִּיעַ לְכֶרֶם וְשָׂדֶה וְלִבְגָדִים נָאִים, לְכָךְ נִסְמְכוּ פָּרָשִׁיּוֹת הַלָּלוּ (תנחומא):
When you build a new home. If you fulfill the commandment of “sending from the nest,” you will ultimately build a new home and fulfill the commandment of [making] a fence, since one mitzvah engenders another mitzvah. And you will attain a vineyard, a field, and beautiful clothing. This is why these chapters adjoin each other.