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Devarim 22

22:8

כִּי תִבְנֶה בַּיִת חָדָשׁ וְעָשִׂיתָ מַעֲקֶה לְגַגֶּךָ וְלֹֽא־תָשִׂים דָּמִים בְּבֵיתֶךָ כִּֽי־יִפֹּל הַנֹּפֵל מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃

When you build a new home, you are to make a fence for your roof; and do not place blood [liability] in your house, for someone who should fall may fall from it.

When you build a new home, you are to make a fence for your roof; and do not place blood [liability] in your house, for someone who should fall may fall from it.

Rashi

כי תבנה בית חדש. אִם קִיַּמְתָּ מִצְוַת שִׁלּוּחַ הַקֵּן, סוֹפְךָ לִבְנוֹת בַּיִת חָדָשׁ, וּתְקַיֵּם מִצְוַת מַעֲקֶה, שֶׁמִּצְוָה גּוֹרֶרֶת מִצְוָה, וְתַגִּיעַ לְכֶרֶם וְשָׂדֶה וְלִבְגָדִים נָאִים, לְכָךְ נִסְמְכוּ פָּרָשִׁיּוֹת הַלָּלוּ (תנחומא):

When you build a new home. If you fulfill the commandment of “sending from the nest,” you will ultimately build a new home and fulfill the commandment of [making] a fence, since one mitzvah engenders another mitzvah. And you will attain a vineyard, a field, and beautiful clothing. This is why these chapters adjoin each other.

מעקה. גָּדֵר סָבִיב לַגַּג, וְאֻנְקְלוֹס תִּרְגֵּם "תְּיָקָא", כְּגוֹן תִּיק שֶׁמְּשַׁמֵּר מַה שֶּׁבְּתוֹכוֹ:

A fence. A fence around the roof. Onkelos translates תְּיָקָא, like תִּיק, “a container,” which protects its contents.

כי יפל הנפל. רָאוּי זֶה לִפֹּל, וְאַעַ"פִּ כֵן לֹא תִתְגַּלְגֵּל מִיתָתוֹ עַל יָדְךָ, שֶׁמְּגַלְגְּלִין זְכוּת עַל יְדֵי זַכַּאי וְחוֹבָה עַל יְדֵי חַיָּב (ספרי):

For someone who should fall may fall. He deserves to fall, but still, let his death not come about through you, as benefit is brought about through the meritorious, and injury through the guilty.

22:9

לֹא־תִזְרַע כַּרְמְךָ כִּלְאָיִם פֶּן־תִּקְדַּשׁ הַֽמְלֵאָה הַזֶּרַע אֲשֶׁר תִּזְרָע וּתְבוּאַת הַכָּֽרֶם׃ {ס}        

Do not plant in your vineyard mixed species, lest the expansion become obnoxious—the seed that you plant—and the produce of the vineyard.

Do not plant in your vineyard mixed species, lest the expansion become obnoxious—the seed that you plant—and the produce of the vineyard.

Rashi

כלאים. חִטָּה וּשְׂעוֹרָה וְחַרְצָן בְּמַפֹּלֶת יָד (ברכות כ"ב):

Mixed species. Wheat, barley, and grapeseed, within a hand fling.

פן תקדש. כְּתַרְגוּמוֹ "תִּסְתָּאַב", כָּל דָּבָר הַנִּתְעָב עַל הָאָדָם, בֵּין לְשֶׁבַח כְּגוֹן הֶקְדֵּשׁ, בֵּין לִגְנַאי כְּגוֹן אִסּוּר, נוֹפֵל בּוֹ לְשׁוֹן קִדּוּשׁ, כְּמוֹ "אַל תִּגַּשׁ בִּי כִּי קִדַּשְׁתִּיךָ" (ישעיהו ס"ה):

Lest . . . becomes obnoxious. As Targum [Onkelos] renders, “becomes obnoxious.” Anything obnoxious to a person, whether laudable, as with sacred objects, or detestable, as with forbidden objects, is described by the term “obnoxious,” as in, “Do not approach me, for I have rendered you obnoxious.”

(המלאה. זֶה מִלּוּי וְתוֹסֶפֶת שֶׁהַזֶּרַע מוֹסִיף):

The expansion. This refers to the fullness and enlargement generated by the seed.

22:10

לֹֽא־תַחֲרֹשׁ בְּשׁוֹר־וּבַחֲמֹר יַחְדָּֽו׃

You may not plow with an ox and with a donkey together.

You may not plow with an ox and with a donkey together.

Rashi

לא תחרש בשור ובחמור. הוּא הַדִּין לְכָל שְׁנֵי מִינִים שֶׁבָּעוֹלָם (בבא קמא נ"ד), הוּא הַדִּין לְהַנְהִיגָם יַחַד קְשׁוּרִים זוּגִים בְּהוֹלָכַת שׁוּם מַשָּׂא (כלאים פ"ח מ"ב):

You may not plow with an ox and a donkey. This applies, as well, to any two species in the universe, and applies, as well, to leading them together, harnessed as a pair, in transporting any kind of burden.

22:11

לֹא תִלְבַּשׁ שַֽׁעַטְנֵז צֶמֶר וּפִשְׁתִּים יַחְדָּֽו׃ {ס}        

Do not don a mixture of threads, wool and flax together.

Do not don a mixture of threads, wool and flax together.

Rashi

שעטנז. לְשׁוֹן עֵרוּב. וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ פֵּרְשׁוּ — שׁוּעַ טָווּי וְנוּז (ספרי):

A mixture of threads. The meaning is “a mixture.” The Rabbis interpret, combed, spun, and woven.

22:12

גְּדִלִים תַּעֲשֶׂה־לָּךְ עַל־אַרְבַּע כַּנְפוֹת כְּסוּתְךָ אֲשֶׁר תְּכַסֶּה־בָּֽהּ׃ {ס}        

Make yourself pendant threads upon four corners of your garment that you cover with.

Make yourself pendant threads upon four corners of your garment that you cover with.

Rashi

גדלים תעשה לך. אַף מִן הַכִּלְאַיִם, לְכָךְ סְמָכָן הַכָּתוּב (יבמות ד'):

Make yourself pendant threads. Even out of the כִּלְאַיִם mixture — this is why Scripture places them near each other.

22:13

כִּֽי־יִקַּח אִישׁ אִשָּׁה וּבָא אֵלֶיהָ וּשְׂנֵאָֽהּ׃

If a man marries a woman, and he has relations with her and hates her.

If a man marries a woman, and he has relations with her and hates her.

Rashi

ובא אליה ושנאה. סוֹפוֹ,

He has relations with her and hates her. he will ultimately . . .

22:14

וְשָׂם לָהּ עֲלִילֹת דְּבָרִים וְהוֹצִא עָלֶיהָ שֵׁם רָע וְאָמַר אֶת־הָאִשָּׁה הַזֹּאת לָקַחְתִּי וָאֶקְרַב אֵלֶיהָ וְלֹא־מָצָאתִי לָהּ בְּתוּלִֽים׃

Then berates her with calumnies and alleges defamation about her, and he claims, ‘‘I married this woman and was intimate with her, and did not find signs of her virginity.’’

Then berates her with calumnies and alleges defamation about her, and he claims, ‘‘I married this woman and was intimate with her, and did not find signs of her virginity.’’

Rashi

ושם לה עלילת דברים – עֲבֵרָה גּוֹרֶרֶת עֲבֵרָה, עָבַר עַל לֹא תִשְׂנָא, סוֹפוֹ לָבֹא לִידֵי לָשׁוֹן הָרָע (עי' ספרי):

berate her with calumnies. One transgression engenders another. He transgressed “Do not hate” — he will ultimately reach the point of malicious slander.

את האשה הזאת. מִכָּאן שֶׁאֵין אוֹמֵר דָּבָר אֶלָּא בִּפְנֵי בַעַל דִּין (שם):

This woman. We derive from here that no statement may be made except in the presence of the defendant.

22:15

וְלָקַח אֲבִי הַֽנַּעֲרָ וְאִמָּהּ וְהוֹצִיאוּ אֶת־בְּתוּלֵי הַֽנַּעֲרָ אֶל־זִקְנֵי הָעִיר הַשָּֽׁעְרָה׃

The girl’s father and mother will take and will prove the girl’s virginity to the city judges in the court.

The girl’s father and mother will take and will prove the girl’s virginity to the city judges in the court.

Rashi

אבי הנערה ואמה. מִי שֶׁגִּדְּלוּ גִּדּוּלִים הָרָעִים יִתְבַּזּוּ עָלֶיהָ (עי' שם):

The girl’s father and mother. Those who nurtured the evil branch must suffer humiliation over it.

22:16

וְאָמַר אֲבִי הַֽנַּעֲרָ אֶל־הַזְּקֵנִים אֶת־בִּתִּי נָתַתִּי לָאִישׁ הַזֶּה לְאִשָּׁה וַיִּשְׂנָאֶֽהָ׃

The girl’s father should assert to the judges, ‘‘My daughter did I marry to this man as a wife and he hates her.

The girl’s father should assert to the judges, ‘‘My daughter did I marry to this man as a wife and he hates her.

Rashi

ואמר אבי הנערה. מְלַמֵּד שֶׁאֵין רְשׁוּת לָאִשָּׁה לְדַבֵּר בִּפְנֵי הָאִישׁ (שם):

The girl’s father should assert. This teaches that a woman is not permitted to speak before a man.

22:17

וְהִנֵּה־הוּא שָׂם עֲלִילֹת דְּבָרִים לֵאמֹר לֹֽא־מָצָאתִי לְבִתְּךָ בְּתוּלִים וְאֵלֶּה בְּתוּלֵי בִתִּי וּפָֽרְשׂוּ הַשִּׂמְלָה לִפְנֵי זִקְנֵי הָעִֽיר׃

Look! He has promulgated libelous words, claiming ‘I did not find signs of your daughter’s virginity.’ But this is [the proof of] my daughter’s virginity.’’ And let them spread the cloth before the city judges.

Look! He has promulgated libelous words, claiming ‘I did not find signs of your daughter’s virginity.’ But this is [the proof of] my daughter’s virginity.’’ And let them spread the cloth before the city judges.

Rashi

ופרשו השמלה. הֲרֵי זֶה מָשָׁל, מְחֻוָּרִין הַדְּבָרִים כַּשִּׂמְלָה (שם; כתובות שם):

Let them spread the cloth. This is figurative — the matter is as clearcut as a cloth.

22:18

וְלָקְחוּ זִקְנֵי הָֽעִיר־הַהִוא אֶת־הָאִישׁ וְיִסְּרוּ אֹתֽוֹ׃

The judges of that city will take the man and will chastise him.

The judges of that city will take the man and will chastise him.

Rashi

ויסרו אתו. מַלְקוּת (שם):

And chastise him. Flogging.

22:19

וְעָנְשׁוּ אֹתוֹ מֵאָה כֶסֶף וְנָתְנוּ לַאֲבִי הַֽנַּעֲרָה כִּי הוֹצִיא שֵׁם רָע עַל בְּתוּלַת יִשְׂרָאֵל וְלֽוֹ־תִהְיֶה לְאִשָּׁה לֹא־יוּכַל לְשַׁלְּחָהּ כׇּל־יָמָֽיו׃ {ס}        

And they will fine him one hundred silver [shekels] and give [them] to the girl’s father, because he defamed a virgin of Yisroel; and she shall remain his wife, he may not divorce her all his life.

And they will fine him one hundred silver [shekels] and give [them] to the girl’s father, because he defamed a virgin of Yisroel; and she shall remain his wife, he may not divorce her all his life.

22:20

וְאִם־אֱמֶת הָיָה הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה לֹא־נִמְצְאוּ בְתוּלִים לַֽנַּעֲרָֽ׃

However, if the allegation is true; signs of the girl’s virginity were not found.

However, if the allegation is true; signs of the girl’s virginity were not found.

Rashi

ואם אמת היה הדבר. בְּעֵדִים וְהַתְרָאָה, שֶׁזִּנְּתָה לְאַחַר אֵרוּסִין (כתובות מ"ד):

However, if the allegation is true. Through witnesses, and with a pre-warning, that she committed adultery after her אֵירוּסִין — marriage.

22:21

וְהוֹצִיאוּ אֶת־הַֽנַּעֲרָ אֶל־פֶּתַח בֵּית־אָבִיהָ וּסְקָלוּהָ אַנְשֵׁי עִירָהּ בָּאֲבָנִים וָמֵתָה כִּֽי־עָשְׂתָה נְבָלָה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל לִזְנוֹת בֵּית אָבִיהָ וּבִֽעַרְתָּ הָרָע מִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ׃ {ס}        

They are to take the girl out to the entrance of her father’s home and the people of her city will stone her with stones to death, because she committed a disgraceful act against Yisroel by behaving promiscuously [in] her father’s house; and you will eliminate the evil within you.

They are to take the girl out to the entrance of her father’s home and the people of her city will stone her with stones to death, because she committed a disgraceful act against Yisroel by behaving promiscuously [in] her father’s house; and you will eliminate the evil within you.

Rashi

אל פתח בית אביה. רְאוּ גִּדּוּלִים שֶׁגִּדַּלְתֶּם (שם מ"ה):

To the entrance of her father’s home. Look at the branch you nurtured.

אנשי עירה. בְּמַעֲמַד כָּל אַנְשֵׁי עִירָהּ (ספרי):

The people of her city. In the presence of all the people of her city.

לזנות בית אביה. כְּמוֹ בְּבֵית אָבִיהָ:

Behaving promiscuously [in] her father’s house. As if it had said “in” her father’s house.

22:22

כִּֽי־יִמָּצֵא אִישׁ שֹׁכֵב ׀ עִם־אִשָּׁה בְעֻֽלַת־בַּעַל וּמֵתוּ גַּם־שְׁנֵיהֶם הָאִישׁ הַשֹּׁכֵב עִם־הָאִשָּׁה וְהָאִשָּׁה וּבִֽעַרְתָּ הָרָע מִיִּשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ {ס}        

If a man is found having intercourse with a woman who is the wife of a man, even both of them shall die—the man who had intercourse with the woman and the woman—and you will eliminate the evil from Yisroel.

If a man is found having intercourse with a woman who is the wife of a man, even both of them shall die—the man who had intercourse with the woman and the woman—and you will eliminate the evil from Yisroel.

Rashi

ומתו גם שניהם. לְהוֹצִיא מַעֲשֵׂה חִדּוּדִים שֶׁאֵין הָאִשָּׁה נֶהֱנֵית מֵהֶם (ספרי; סנהדרין ס"ו):

Even both of them shall die. This excludes lascivious activity from which the woman does not derive pleasure.

גם. לְרַבּוֹת הַבָּאִים אַחֲרֵיהֶם (ספרי); דָּבָר אַחֵר, גם שניהם לְרַבּוֹת אֶת הַוָּלָד, שֶׁאִם הָיְתָה מְעֻבֶּרֶת אֵין מַמְתִּינִין לָהּ עַד שֶׁתֵּלֵד (ערכין ז'):

Even. This adds those following them. (Another version of Rashi’s text: “those committing sodomy.”) Another interpretation: “Even both of them” adds the fetus — if she was pregnant, we do not wait until she gives birth.

22:23

כִּי יִהְיֶה נַעֲרָ בְתוּלָה מְאֹרָשָׂה לְאִישׁ וּמְצָאָהּ אִישׁ בָּעִיר וְשָׁכַב עִמָּֽהּ׃

If there will be a virgin girl married to a man, and a man encounters her in the city and has intercourse with her,

If there will be a virgin girl married to a man, and a man encounters her in the city and has intercourse with her,

Rashi

ומצאה איש בעיר. לְפִיכָךְ שָׁכַב עִמָּהּ – פִּרְצָה קוֹרְאָה לַגַּנָּב, הָא אִלּוּ יָשְׁבָה בְּבֵיתָהּ, לֹא אֵרַע לָהּ (ספרי):

And a man encounters her in the city. This is why he was intimate with her — the breach summons the thief. But if she had remained at home, this would not have occurred to her.

22:24

וְהוֹצֵאתֶם אֶת־שְׁנֵיהֶם אֶל־שַׁעַר ׀ הָעִיר הַהִוא וּסְקַלְתֶּם אֹתָם בָּאֲבָנִים וָמֵתוּ אֶת־הַֽנַּעֲרָ עַל־דְּבַר אֲשֶׁר לֹא־צָעֲקָה בָעִיר וְאֶת־הָאִישׁ עַל־דְּבַר אֲשֶׁר־עִנָּה אֶת־אֵשֶׁת רֵעֵהוּ וּבִֽעַרְתָּ הָרָע מִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ׃ {ס}        

You are to take them both out to the court of that city and stone them with stones to death, the girl for the fact that she did not scream in the city and the man for the fact that he oppressed the wife of his peer; and you will eliminate the evil within you.

You are to take them both out to the court of that city and stone them with stones to death, the girl for the fact that she did not scream in the city and the man for the fact that he oppressed the wife of his peer; and you will eliminate the evil within you.

22:25

וְֽאִם־בַּשָּׂדֶה יִמְצָא הָאִישׁ אֶת־הַֽנַּעֲרָ הַמְאֹרָשָׂה וְהֶחֱזִֽיק־בָּהּ הָאִישׁ וְשָׁכַב עִמָּהּ וּמֵת הָאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־שָׁכַב עִמָּהּ לְבַדּֽוֹ׃

But if in the field the man encounters the married girl, and the man holds her and had intercourse with her; then he shall die—only the man who had intercourse with her.

But if in the field the man encounters the married girl, and the man holds her and had intercourse with her; then he shall die—only the man who had intercourse with her.

22:26

וְלַֽנַּעֲרָ לֹא־תַעֲשֶׂה דָבָר אֵין לַֽנַּעֲרָ חֵטְא מָוֶת כִּי כַּאֲשֶׁר יָקוּם אִישׁ עַל־רֵעֵהוּ וּרְצָחוֹ נֶפֶשׁ כֵּן הַדָּבָר הַזֶּֽה׃

But to the girl you will not do a thing, the girl has no death liability; for, just as if a man rises up against his peer and murders him, so is this matter.

But to the girl you will not do a thing, the girl has no death liability; for, just as if a man rises up against his peer and murders him, so is this matter.

Rashi

כי כאשר יקום וגו'. לְפִי פְשׁוּטוֹ זֶהוּ מַשְׁמָעוֹ: כִּי אֲנוּסָה הִיא וּבְחָזְקָה עָמַד עָלֶיהָ, כְּאָדָם הָעוֹמֵד עַל חֲבֵרוֹ לְהָרְגוֹ. וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ דָּרְשׁוּ בוֹ הֲרֵי זֶה בָא לְלַמֵּד וְנִמְצָא לָמֵד וְכוּ' (סנהדרין ע"ג):

For, just as if a man rises up, etc. According to the plain interpretation, this is its meaning; ‘For she was coerced, he overpowered her, similar to a man who rises up against his fellow murderously.’ Our Sages expound, here, ‘This appears to teach, but subsequently learns, etc.’

22:27

כִּי בַשָּׂדֶה מְצָאָהּ צָעֲקָה הַֽנַּעֲרָ הַמְאֹרָשָׂה וְאֵין מוֹשִׁיעַ לָֽהּ׃ {ס}        

For he encountered her in the field; the married girl screamed, but there was no one to rescue her.

For he encountered her in the field; the married girl screamed, but there was no one to rescue her.

22:28

כִּֽי־יִמְצָא אִישׁ נַעֲרָ בְתוּלָה אֲשֶׁר לֹא־אֹרָשָׂה וּתְפָשָׂהּ וְשָׁכַב עִמָּהּ וְנִמְצָֽאוּ׃

If a man encounters a virgin girl who was not married and grabs her and has intercourse with her; and they are discovered.

If a man encounters a virgin girl who was not married and grabs her and has intercourse with her; and they are discovered.

22:29

וְנָתַן הָאִישׁ הַשֹּׁכֵב עִמָּהּ לַאֲבִי הַֽנַּעֲרָ חֲמִשִּׁים כָּסֶף וְלֽוֹ־תִהְיֶה לְאִשָּׁה תַּחַת אֲשֶׁר עִנָּהּ לֹא־יוּכַל שַׁלְּחָהּ כׇּל־יָמָֽיו׃ {ס}        

The man who had intercourse with her must give to the girl’s father fifty silver [shekels]; and she shall be his wife, since he oppressed her; he may not divorce her all his life.

The man who had intercourse with her must give to the girl’s father fifty silver [shekels]; and she shall be his wife, since he oppressed her; he may not divorce her all his life.

Devarim 23

23:1

לֹא־יִקַּח אִישׁ אֶת־אֵשֶׁת אָבִיו וְלֹא יְגַלֶּה כְּנַף אָבִֽיו׃ {ס}        

A man may not marry his father’s wife, and may not expose the edge of his father’s garment.

A man may not marry his father’s wife, and may not expose the edge of his father’s garment.

Rashi

לא יקח. אֵין לוֹ בָּהּ לִקּוּחִין וְאֵין קִדּוּשִׁין תּוֹפְסִין בָּהּ (עי' קידושין ס"ז):

A man may not marry. He cannot effect marriage with her — marriage with her is legally invalid.

ולא יגלה כנף אביו. שׁוֹמֶרֶת יָבָם שֶׁל אָבִיו הָרְאוּיָה לְאָבִיו, וַהֲרֵי כְּבָר הֻזְהַר עָלֶיהָ מִשּׁוּם עֶרְוַת אֲחִי אָבִיךָ (ויקרא י"ח) אֶלָּא לַעֲבֹר עַל זוֹ בִּשְׁנֵי לָאוִין, וְלִסְמֹךְ לָהּ לֹא יָבֹא מַמְזֵר, לְלַמֵּד שֶׁאֵין מַמְזֵר אֶלָּא מֵחַיָּבֵי כָּרֵתוֹת, וְקַל וָחֹמֶר מֵחַיָּבֵי מִיתוֹת בֵּית דִּין, שֶׁאֵין בָּעֲרָיוֹת מִיתַת בֵּית דִּין שֶׁאֵין בָּהּ כָּרֵת (יבמות מ"ט):

And may not expose the edge of his father’s garment. His father’s prospective levirate partner, appropriate for his father. But he was already warned concerning her, from “the nakedness of your father’s brother.” Evidently, to transgress, with her, against two prohibitions, and to place, next to her, “the bastard may not enter,” to teach that the bastard is only [someone born] of those liable to kares excision; certainly judicial execution, as no act of incest or adultery subject to judicial execution is exempt from kares excision.

23:2

לֹֽא־יָבֹא פְצֽוּעַ־דַּכָּא*(בספרי ספרד ורוב ספרי אשכנז דַּכָּה) וּכְרוּת שׇׁפְכָה בִּקְהַל יְהֹוָֽה׃ {ס}        

One may not enter—with injured or crushed genitals or with a gash causing spilling—into Adonoy’s community.

One may not enter—with injured or crushed genitals or with a gash causing spilling—into Adonoy’s community.

Rashi

פצוע דכה. שֶׁנִּפְצְעוּ אוֹ שֶׁנִּדְכְּאוּ בֵיצִים שֶׁלּוֹ:

With injured or crushed. Whose testicles were injured or crushed.

וכרות שפכה. שֶׁנִּכְרַת הַגִּיד וְשׁוּב אֵינוֹ יוֹרֶה קִלּוּחַ זֶרַע אֶלָּא שׁוֹפֵךְ וְשׁוֹתֵת וְאֵינוֹ מוֹלִיד (ספרי; יבמות ע'):

Or with a gash causing spilling. The organ was gashed, and no longer ejects a stream of semen, but spills and dribbles, and is sterile.

23:3

לֹא־יָבֹא מַמְזֵר בִּקְהַל יְהֹוָה גַּם דּוֹר עֲשִׂירִי לֹא־יָבֹא לוֹ בִּקְהַל יְהֹוָֽה׃ {ס}        

A base-born may not enter into Adonoy’s community, even his tenth generation may not enter into Adonoy’s community.

A base-born may not enter into Adonoy’s community, even his tenth generation may not enter into Adonoy’s community.

Rashi

לא יבא ממזר בקהל ה'. לֹא יִשָּׂא יִשְׂרְאֵלִית:

A base-born may not enter into Adonoy’s community. He may not marry an Israelite woman.

23:4

לֹֽא־יָבֹא עַמּוֹנִי וּמוֹאָבִי בִּקְהַל יְהֹוָה גַּם דּוֹר עֲשִׂירִי לֹא־יָבֹא לָהֶם בִּקְהַל יְהֹוָה עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃

[Neither] an Ammonite nor a Moavite may enter into Adonoy’s community; even their tenth generation may not enter into Adonoy’s community forever.

[Neither] an Ammonite nor a Moavite may enter into Adonoy’s community; even their tenth generation may not enter into Adonoy’s community forever.

Rashi

לא יבא עמוני. לֹא יִשָּׂא יִשְׂרְאֵלִית:

An Ammonite may not enter. He may not marry an Israelite woman.

23:5

עַל־דְּבַר אֲשֶׁר לֹא־קִדְּמוּ אֶתְכֶם בַּלֶּחֶם וּבַמַּיִם בַּדֶּרֶךְ בְּצֵאתְכֶם מִמִּצְרָיִם וַאֲשֶׁר שָׂכַר עָלֶיךָ אֶת־בִּלְעָם בֶּן־בְּעוֹר מִפְּתוֹר אֲרַם נַהֲרַיִם לְקַֽלְלֶֽךָּ׃

Because of the matter that they did not greet you with bread and water on the way when you came out of Egypt; and because he hired against you Bilam son of Beor from Pesor in Aram Naharayim to curse you.

Because of the matter that they did not greet you with bread and water on the way when you came out of Egypt; and because he hired against you Bilam son of Beor from Pesor in Aram Naharayim to curse you.

Rashi

על דבר. עַל הָעֵצָה שֶׁיָּעֲצוּ אֶתְכֶם לְהַחֲטִיאֲכֶם:

Because of the matter. Because of their advice concerning you, to incite you to sin [as written in the affair of Bilam].

בדרך. כְּשֶׁהֱיִיתֶם בְּטֵרוּף (ספרי):

On the way. When you were harried.

23:6

וְלֹֽא־אָבָה יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ לִשְׁמֹעַ אֶל־בִּלְעָם וַיַּהֲפֹךְ יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ לְּךָ אֶת־הַקְּלָלָה לִבְרָכָה כִּי אֲהֵֽבְךָ יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃

Adonoy, your God, was unwilling to heed Bilam, and Adonoy, your God, turned for you the curse into a blessing, because Adonoy, your God, loved you.

Adonoy, your God, was unwilling to heed Bilam, and Adonoy, your God, turned for you the curse into a blessing, because Adonoy, your God, loved you.

23:7

לֹא־תִדְרֹשׁ שְׁלֹמָם וְטֹבָתָם כׇּל־יָמֶיךָ לְעוֹלָֽם׃ {ס}        

Do not pursue their peace and their benefit all your life forever.

Do not pursue their peace and their benefit all your life forever.

Rashi

לא תדרש שלמם. מִכְּלָל שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר עִמְּךָ יֵשֵׁב בְּקִרְבְּךָ יָכוֹל אַף זֶה כֵּן, תַּ"לֹ לא תדרש שלמם (עי' ספרי):

Do not pursue their peace. By inference from what is said, “He may remain with you, in your midst,” perhaps this one as well? The Torah therefore teaches, “Do not pursue their peace.”

Texts

  • Hebrew: Miqra according to the Masorah · License: CC-BY-SA
  • English: Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 · License: CC-BY
  • Hebrew: Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934 · License: PD
  • English: Rashi Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 · License: CC-BY

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