Tanach
Devarim 24:14-15 דברים כ״ד:י״ד-ט״ו
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
לֹא־תַעֲשֹׁק שָׂכִיר עָנִי וְאֶבְיוֹן מֵאַחֶיךָ אוֹ מִגֵּרְךָ אֲשֶׁר בְּאַרְצְךָ בִּשְׁעָרֶֽיךָ׃
Do not steal from the wage earner who is poor or destitute; from your brothers or your converts who are in your land in your cities.
Do not steal from the wage earner who is poor or destitute; from your brothers or your converts who are in your land in your cities.
Rashi
אביון. הַתָּאֵב לְכָל דָּבָר:
Destitute. In want of all things.
מגרך. זֶה גֵּר צֶדֶק:
Your converts. This refers to the righteous proselyte.
בשעריך. זֶה גֵּר תּוֹשָׁב הָאוֹכֵל נְבֵלוֹת:
In your cities. This refers to the alien settler, who eats meat which was not ritually slaughtered.
אשר בארצך. לְרַבּוֹת שְׂכַר בְּהֵמָה וְכֵלִים (בבא מציעא קי"א):
Who are in your land. This is added to include rental fees for animals and tools.
בְּיוֹמוֹ תִתֵּן שְׂכָרוֹ וְֽלֹא־תָבוֹא עָלָיו הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ כִּי עָנִי הוּא וְאֵלָיו הוּא נֹשֵׂא אֶת־נַפְשׁוֹ וְלֹֽא־יִקְרָא עָלֶיךָ אֶל־יְהֹוָה וְהָיָה בְךָ חֵֽטְא׃ {ס}
On its day give his wage and let the sun not set upon it, for he is a poor man, and he places his life in jeopardy for it; [so that] he should not complain about you to Adonoy, and you will have a sin.
On its day give his wage and let the sun not set upon it, for he is a poor man, and he places his life in jeopardy for it; [so that] he should not complain about you to Adonoy, and you will have a sin.
Rashi
ואליו הוא נשא את נפשו. אֶל הַשָּׂכָר הַזֶּה הוּא נוֹשֵׂא אֶת נַפְשׁוֹ לָמוּת, עָלָה בַכֶּבֶשׁ וְנִתְלָה בְאִילָן (ספרי; ב"מ קי"ב):
And he places his life in jeopardy for it. For these wages, he places himself in mortal danger — he climbs a wall, or suspends himself from a tree.
והיה בך חטא. מִכָּל מָקוֹם, אֶלָּא שֶׁמְּמַהֲרִין לִפָּרֵעַ עַל יְדֵי הַקּוֹרֵא (ספרי):
And you will have a sin. Regardless, except that punishment is swiftly dispatched when someone cries out.
לא תעשק שכיר. וַהֲלֹא כְבָר כָּתוּב? אֶלָּא לַעֲבֹר עַל הָאֶבְיוֹן בִּשְׁנֵי לָאוין, "לֹא תַעֲשֹׁק שְׂכַר שָׂכִיר" שֶׁהוּא עָנִי וְאֶבְיוֹן, וְעַל הֶעָשִׁיר כְּבָר הֻזְהַר (ויקרא י"ט) "לֹא תַעֲשֹׁק אֶת רֵעֲךָ" (ב"מ ס"א):
Do not steal from the wage earner. But isn’t it already written? Evidently, to violate, against the destitute, two negative commandments: ‘Do not steal the pay of the wage earner who is poor or destitute;’ and, against the wealthy, he has already been warned, “Do not steal from your fellow.”