Tanach
Devarim 8 דברים ח׳
Part of: EikevEikev, Aliyah 1Eikev, Aliyah 2Petuchah, Deuteronomy 8:1Petuchah, Deuteronomy 8:19
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
כׇּל־הַמִּצְוָה אֲשֶׁר אָנֹכִי מְצַוְּךָ הַיּוֹם תִּשְׁמְרוּן לַעֲשׂוֹת לְמַעַן תִּֽחְיוּן וּרְבִיתֶם וּבָאתֶם וִֽירִשְׁתֶּם אֶת־הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר־נִשְׁבַּע יְהֹוָה לַאֲבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃
The entire mitzvah that I am commanding you today, are you to guard so as to fulfill; in order that you live and multiply and arrive to inherit the land that Adonoy swore to your forefathers.
The entire mitzvah that I am commanding you today, are you to guard so as to fulfill; in order that you live and multiply and arrive to inherit the land that Adonoy swore to your forefathers.
Rashi
וְזָכַרְתָּ אֶת־כׇּל־הַדֶּרֶךְ אֲשֶׁר הוֹלִֽיכְךָ יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ זֶה אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה בַּמִּדְבָּר לְמַעַן עַנֹּֽתְךָ לְנַסֹּֽתְךָ לָדַעַת אֶת־אֲשֶׁר בִּֽלְבָבְךָ הֲתִשְׁמֹר מִצְוֺתָו אִם־לֹֽא׃
You are to recall the entire way on which Adonoy, your God, led you these forty years in the wilderness; in order to oppress you, to test you, to know what is in your heart—will you guard His commandments or not?
You are to recall the entire way on which Adonoy, your God, led you these forty years in the wilderness; in order to oppress you, to test you, to know what is in your heart—will you guard His commandments or not?
Rashi
התשמר מצותו. שֶׁלֹּא תְנַסֵּהוּ וְלֹא תְהַרְהֵר אַחֲרָיו:
Will you guard His mitzvos — not to test Him and not to be critical of Him.
וַֽיְעַנְּךָ וַיַּרְעִבֶךָ וַיַּאֲכִֽלְךָ אֶת־הַמָּן אֲשֶׁר לֹא־יָדַעְתָּ וְלֹא יָדְעוּן אֲבֹתֶיךָ לְמַעַן הוֹדִֽיעֲךָ כִּי לֹא עַל־הַלֶּחֶם לְבַדּוֹ יִחְיֶה הָֽאָדָם כִּי עַל־כׇּל־מוֹצָא פִֽי־יְהֹוָה יִחְיֶה הָאָדָֽם׃
He oppressed you and made you hungry, and He fed you the mon that neither you knew nor your forefathers knew, in order to inform you that not by bread alone does man live, rather by the entire expression of Adonoy’s word does man live.
He oppressed you and made you hungry, and He fed you the mon that neither you knew nor your forefathers knew, in order to inform you that not by bread alone does man live, rather by the entire expression of Adonoy’s word does man live.
שִׂמְלָתְךָ לֹא בָֽלְתָה מֵֽעָלֶיךָ וְרַגְלְךָ לֹא בָצֵקָה זֶה אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָֽה׃
Your garment did not wear out on you, nor did your foot swell these forty years.
Your garment did not wear out on you, nor did your foot swell these forty years.
Rashi
שמלתך לא בלתה. עַנְנֵי כָבוֹד הָיוּ שָׁפִים בִּכְסוּתָם וּמְגַהֲצִים אוֹתָם כְּמִין כֵּלִים מְגֹהָצִים, וְאַף קְטַנֵּיהֶם כְּמוֹ שֶׁהָיוּ גְדֵלִים הָיָה גָּדֵל לְבוּשָׁן עִמָּהֶם, כַּלְּבוּשׁ הַזֶּה שֶׁל חֹמֶט שֶׁגָּדֵל עִמּוֹ (עי' ילקוט שמעוני תת"ן):
Your garment did not wear out on you. The clouds of Divine Glory rubbed the grime off their clothes and pressed them like pressed garments; and their children too, as they grew, their clothes grew with them, similar to the covering (shell) of a snail which grows with it.
לא בצקה. לֹא נָפְחָה כְּבָצֵק, כְּדֶרֶךְ הוֹלְכֵי יָחֵף שֶׁרַגְלֵיהֶם נְפוּחוֹת:
Nor did . . . swell. It did not blow up like dough (בָּצֵק). This usually happens to those who walk barefoot, that their feet become swollen.
וְיָדַעְתָּ עִם־לְבָבֶךָ כִּי כַּאֲשֶׁר יְיַסֵּר אִישׁ אֶת־בְּנוֹ יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ מְיַסְּרֶֽךָּ׃
You will know with your heart that the way a man trains his son does Adonoy, your God, train you.
You will know with your heart that the way a man trains his son does Adonoy, your God, train you.
וְשָׁמַרְתָּ אֶת־מִצְוֺת יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ לָלֶכֶת בִּדְרָכָיו וּלְיִרְאָה אֹתֽוֹ׃
You are to guard the commandments of Adonoy, your God, to go in His ways and to fear Him.
You are to guard the commandments of Adonoy, your God, to go in His ways and to fear Him.
כִּי יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ מְבִֽיאֲךָ אֶל־אֶרֶץ טוֹבָה אֶרֶץ נַחֲלֵי מָיִם עֲיָנֹת וּתְהֹמֹת יֹצְאִים בַּבִּקְעָה וּבָהָֽר׃
For Adonoy, your God, is bringing you to a good land, a land with streams of water, springs and groundwater that emerge in valley and hill.
For Adonoy, your God, is bringing you to a good land, a land with streams of water, springs and groundwater that emerge in valley and hill.
אֶרֶץ חִטָּה וּשְׂעֹרָה וְגֶפֶן וּתְאֵנָה וְרִמּוֹן אֶֽרֶץ־זֵית שֶׁמֶן וּדְבָֽשׁ׃
A land of wheat and barley, and grapes and figs and pomegranates; a land of olives and honey.
A land of wheat and barley, and grapes and figs and pomegranates; a land of olives and honey.
Rashi
זית שמן. זֵיתִים הָעוֹשִׂים שֶׁמֶן:
זֵית שֶׁמֶן — (literally, the olive of oil). Its meaning is, olives that produce oil.
אֶרֶץ אֲשֶׁר לֹא בְמִסְכֵּנֻת תֹּֽאכַל־בָּהּ לֶחֶם לֹֽא־תֶחְסַר כֹּל בָּהּ אֶרֶץ אֲשֶׁר אֲבָנֶיהָ בַרְזֶל וּמֵהֲרָרֶיהָ תַּחְצֹב נְחֹֽשֶׁת׃
A land where you will not eat bread in poverty, you will lack nothing there; a land whose stones are iron, and from whose hills you will mine copper.
A land where you will not eat bread in poverty, you will lack nothing there; a land whose stones are iron, and from whose hills you will mine copper.
וְאָכַלְתָּ וְשָׂבָעְתָּ וּבֵֽרַכְתָּ אֶת־יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ עַל־הָאָרֶץ הַטֹּבָה אֲשֶׁר נָֽתַן־לָֽךְ׃
You will eat and be full, and you will bless Adonoy, your God, for the good land He has given you.
You will eat and be full, and you will bless Adonoy, your God, for the good land He has given you.
הִשָּׁמֶר לְךָ פֶּן־תִּשְׁכַּח אֶת־יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ לְבִלְתִּי שְׁמֹר מִצְוֺתָיו וּמִשְׁפָּטָיו וְחֻקֹּתָיו אֲשֶׁר אָנֹכִי מְצַוְּךָ הַיּֽוֹם׃
Look out for yourself lest you forget Adonoy, your God, to not guard His commandments, His laws, and His statutes that I am commanding you today.
Look out for yourself lest you forget Adonoy, your God, to not guard His commandments, His laws, and His statutes that I am commanding you today.
פֶּן־תֹּאכַל וְשָׂבָעְתָּ וּבָתִּים טֹבִים תִּבְנֶה וְיָשָֽׁבְתָּ׃
Lest you eat and be full, and build good houses and live [in them.]
Lest you eat and be full, and build good houses and live [in them.]
וּבְקָֽרְךָ וְצֹֽאנְךָ יִרְבְּיֻן וְכֶסֶף וְזָהָב יִרְבֶּה־לָּךְ וְכֹל אֲשֶׁר־לְךָ יִרְבֶּֽה׃
And your cattle and your sheep multiply, and silver and gold multiply for you, and everything you own multiplies.
And your cattle and your sheep multiply, and silver and gold multiply for you, and everything you own multiplies.
וְרָם לְבָבֶךָ וְשָֽׁכַחְתָּ אֶת־יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ הַמּוֹצִיאֲךָ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם מִבֵּית עֲבָדִֽים׃
And your pride increases, and you forget Adonoy, your God, Who took you out of the land of Egypt, from the house of slavery;
And your pride increases, and you forget Adonoy, your God, Who took you out of the land of Egypt, from the house of slavery;
הַמּוֹלִיכְךָ בַּמִּדְבָּר ׀ הַגָּדֹל וְהַנּוֹרָא נָחָשׁ ׀ שָׂרָף וְעַקְרָב וְצִמָּאוֹן אֲשֶׁר אֵֽין־מָיִם הַמּוֹצִיא לְךָ מַיִם מִצּוּר הַֽחַלָּמִֽישׁ׃
Who led you through the wilderness—the great and awesome[one]— snake, serpent and scorpion, and thirst where there is no water; Who took water out for you from solid rock;
Who led you through the wilderness—the great and awesome[one]— snake, serpent and scorpion, and thirst where there is no water; Who took water out for you from solid rock;
הַמַּאֲכִלְךָ מָן בַּמִּדְבָּר אֲשֶׁר לֹא־יָדְעוּן אֲבֹתֶיךָ לְמַעַן עַנֹּֽתְךָ וּלְמַעַן נַסֹּתֶךָ לְהֵיטִֽבְךָ בְּאַחֲרִיתֶֽךָ׃
Who fed you mon in the wilderness that your forefathers had not known, in order to oppress you and in order to test you, to ultimately benefit you—
Who fed you mon in the wilderness that your forefathers had not known, in order to oppress you and in order to test you, to ultimately benefit you—
וְאָמַרְתָּ בִּלְבָבֶךָ כֹּחִי וְעֹצֶם יָדִי עָשָׂה לִי אֶת־הַחַיִל הַזֶּֽה׃
And you think, ‘‘My strength and the power of my hand have acquired this wealth for me.’’
And you think, ‘‘My strength and the power of my hand have acquired this wealth for me.’’
וְזָֽכַרְתָּ אֶת־יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ כִּי הוּא הַנֹּתֵן לְךָ כֹּחַ לַעֲשׂוֹת חָיִל לְמַעַן הָקִים אֶת־בְּרִיתוֹ אֲשֶׁר־נִשְׁבַּע לַאֲבֹתֶיךָ כַּיּוֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ {פ}
Recall Adonoy, your God, for it is He Who gives you counsel to acquire wealth, in order to establish His covenant that He swore to your forefathers this day.
Recall Adonoy, your God, for it is He Who gives you counsel to acquire wealth, in order to establish His covenant that He swore to your forefathers this day.
וְהָיָה אִם־שָׁכֹחַ תִּשְׁכַּח אֶת־יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ וְהָֽלַכְתָּ אַחֲרֵי אֱלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים וַעֲבַדְתָּם וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתָ לָהֶם הַעִדֹתִי בָכֶם הַיּוֹם כִּי אָבֹד תֹּאבֵדֽוּן׃
When and if you forget Adonoy, your God, and follow other gods, and serve them and bow to them, I testify about you today that you will surely be destroyed.
When and if you forget Adonoy, your God, and follow other gods, and serve them and bow to them, I testify about you today that you will surely be destroyed.
כַּגּוֹיִם אֲשֶׁר יְהֹוָה מַאֲבִיד מִפְּנֵיכֶם כֵּן תֹּאבֵדוּן עֵקֶב לֹא תִשְׁמְעוּן בְּקוֹל יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃ {פ}
Like the nations that Adonoy is destroying before you, so will you be destroyed, as a consequence of your not heeding Adonoy, your God.
Like the nations that Adonoy is destroying before you, so will you be destroyed, as a consequence of your not heeding Adonoy, your God.
כל המצוה. כִּפְשׁוּטוֹ; וּמִדְרַשׁ אַגָּדָה אִם הִתְחַלְתָּ בְּמִצְוָה גְּמֹר אוֹתָהּ, שֶׁאֵינָהּ נִקְרֵאת אֶלָּא עַל שֵׁם הַגּוֹמְרָהּ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר "וְאֶת עַצְמוֹת יוֹסֵף אֲשֶׁר הֶעֱלוּ בְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מִמִּצְרַיִם קָבְרוּ בִשְׁכֶם" (יהושע כ"ד), וַהֲלֹא מֹשֶׁה לְבַדּוֹ נִתְעַסֵּק בָּהֶם לְהַעֲלוֹתָם? אֶלָּא לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא הִסְפִּיק לְגָמְרָהּ וּגְמָרוּהָ יִשְׂרָאֵל נִקְרֵאת עַל שְׁמָם (תנחומא):
The entire mitzvah. This can be understood in its plain sense. There is also a Midrashic explanation: If you began to fulfill a mitzvah, complete it; for the mitzvah carries the name only [it is only accredited] of the one who completes it, as it is said, “And the bones of Yoseif which Bnei Yisroel brought up from Egypt they buried in Shechem.” Now, didn’t Moshe himself attend to them [the bones] to bring them [up from Egypt]? However, since he had no opportunity to complete it, and Bnei Yisroel did complete it, it is called by their name.