Tanach
Ezra 5 עזרא ה׳
Part of: Petuchah, Ezra 5:1Petuchah, Ezra 5:3Petuchah, Ezra 5:6Petuchah, Ezra 5:11Petuchah, Ezra 5:13Petuchah, Ezra 5:16Setumah, Ezra 5:2Setumah, Ezra 5:8
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וְהִתְנַבִּי חַגַּי (נביאה) [נְבִיָּא] וּזְכַרְיָה בַר־עִדּוֹא נְבִיַּאיָּא עַל־יְהוּדָיֵא דִּי בִיהוּד וּבִירוּשְׁלֶם בְּשֻׁם אֱלָהּ יִשְׂרָאֵל עֲלֵיהֽוֹן׃ {ס}
And [(in the second year of Darius)] Chaggai the prophet and Zecharyah the son of Iddo the prophet prophesied to the Jews in Judaea and in Jerusalem in the name of the G-d of Israel concerning them [(to build the Temple even without the authorization of Darius)].
And [(in the second year of Darius)] Chaggai the prophet and Zecharyah the son of Iddo the prophet prophesied to the Jews in Judaea and in Jerusalem in the name of the G-d of Israel concerning them [(to build the Temple even without the authorization of Darius)].
Rashi
על יהודיא. אל היהודים:
to the Jews Aram. עָל יְהוּדָיֵא lit. On the Jews.
עליהון. אליהם:
to them Aram. עֲלֵיהוֹן, lit. on them.
בֵּאדַיִן קָמוּ זְרֻבָּבֶל בַּר־שְׁאַלְתִּיאֵל וְיֵשׁוּעַ בַּר־יֽוֹצָדָק וְשָׁרִיו לְמִבְנֵא בֵּית אֱלָהָא דִּי בִירֽוּשְׁלֶם וְעִמְּהוֹן נְבִיַּאיָּא דִֽי־אֱלָהָא מְסָעֲדִין לְהֽוֹן׃ {פ}
Then arose Zerubavel the son of She'altiel and Yeshua the son of Yotzadak, and they began to build the house of G-d in Jerusalem; and with them, the prophets of G-d assisted them.
Then arose Zerubavel the son of She'altiel and Yeshua the son of Yotzadak, and they began to build the house of G-d in Jerusalem; and with them, the prophets of G-d assisted them.
Rashi
באדין. אז:
Then [as translated,] then.
ושריו. התחילו לבנות ביתו של הקב"ה אשר בירושלים ועמהם הנביאים של הקב"ה עוזרין ומסייעין להם:
and commenced They began to build the House of the Holy One, blessed be He, which is in Jerusalem, and with them were the prophets of the Holy One, blessed be He, helping and assisting them.
בֵּהּ־זִמְנָא אֲתָה עֲלֵיהוֹן תַּתְּנַי פַּחַת עֲבַֽר־נַהֲרָה וּשְׁתַר בּוֹזְנַי וּכְנָוָתְהוֹן וְכֵן אָמְרִין לְהֹם מַן־שָׂם לְכֹם טְעֵם בַּיְתָא דְנָה לִבְּנֵא וְאֻשַּׁרְנָא דְנָה לְשַׁכְלָלָֽה׃
At that time there came to them Tatnai, the governor of this side of the river and Shethar-boznai and their confederates, and thus did they say to them: "Who authorized you to build this house and to found these walls?"
At that time there came to them Tatnai, the governor of this side of the river and Shethar-boznai and their confederates, and thus did they say to them: "Who authorized you to build this house and to found these walls?"
Rashi
בה זמנא אתה עליהון. באותו הזמן באו עליהם הללו צרי יהודה ובנימין לקנתר ולהלשין עליהם על עסק הבנין:
At that time, there came upon them At that time, there came upon them these adversaries of Judah and Benjamin to accuse and to slander them regarding the matter of the building.
פחת עבר נהרה. שלטון של עבר הנהר:
the governor of the other side of the river [as translated,] the governor of the other side of the river.
וכנותהון. וסיעתהון:
and their companies [as translated,] and their companies.
וכן אמרין להום. וכן היו אומרים להם:
and so they said to them [as translated,] and so they said to them.
מן שם. מי צוה לכם דבר הבית לבנות:
Who issued to you Who ordered you, regarding the matter of building the Temple?
ואושרנא דנה לשכללה. הכתלים האלה ליסד כמו ואושיא יחיטו (לעיל ד') ובנין חומות לבנים כך תברו מנחם:
and to found these walls Aram. וְאֻשַּׁרְנָא, and to found these walls, like (4:12): “and the walls (וְאֻשַּׁיָא) they have joined,” the building of walls of bricks (לְבֵנִים) so did Menahem (p. 36) associate it.
אֱדַיִן כְּנֵמָא אֲמַרְנָא לְּהֹם מַן־אִנּוּן שְׁמָהָת גֻּבְרַיָּא דִּֽי־דְנָה בִנְיָנָא בָּנַֽיִן׃
Then, thus did they [(Tatnai, etc.)] say to them: "What are the names of the men building this house?"
Then, thus did they [(Tatnai, etc.)] say to them: "What are the names of the men building this house?"
Rashi
אדין. אז:
Then [as translated,] then.
כנמא. כאשר נאמר:
as we will say [as translated,] as we will say.
אמרנא להום. אמרו להם לישראל אותן צרי יהודה ובנימין:
they said to them Those adversaries of Judah and Benjamin said to them [i.e.,] to Israel.
מן אינון. מי הם שמות האנשים:
What are What are the names of the men?
די דנה. אשר זה הבנין הם בונים:
who...this who are building this building.
וְעֵין אֱלָהֲהֹם הֲוָת עַל־שָׂבֵי יְהוּדָיֵא וְלָא־בַטִּלוּ הִמּוֹ עַד־טַעְמָא לְדָרְיָוֶשׁ יְהָךְ וֶאֱדַיִן יְתִיבוּן נִשְׁתְּוָנָא עַל־דְּנָֽה׃ {פ}
And the eye of their G-d was upon the elders of the Jews, and they [granted their request and] did not stop them [from building] until the matter could be referred to Darius, when they [(the Jews)] would reply to it [(to Darius's)] answer.
And the eye of their G-d was upon the elders of the Jews, and they [granted their request and] did not stop them [from building] until the matter could be referred to Darius, when they [(the Jews)] would reply to it [(to Darius's)] answer.
Rashi
ועין אלההום. ועינו של הקב"ה שהוא אלהיהם היתה על זקני היהודים להעלותם במלאכת הבנין:
And the eye of their God And the eye of the Holy One, blessed be He, Who is their God, was on the elders of the Jews to upraise them (sic) in the work of the building.
ולא בטלו המו. ולא בטלו הם את הבונים:
and they did not stop them And they did not stop the builders.
עד טעמא לדריוש יהך. והשיבו זקני היהודים דבר לאותן הצרים שלא יבטלו את הבנין עד אשר ילך הדבר לדריוש המלך:
until the matter came to Darius And the elders of the Jews answered a word to those adversaries that they should not stop the building until the matter would go to King Darius.
ואדין יתיבון. ואז ישיבו היהודים כתב הנשתון על כך על תשובתו של דריוש:
and then they would answer And then the Jews would answer the writ of the letter concerning this, concerning Darius’ reply.
פַּרְשֶׁגֶן אִגַּרְתָּא דִּֽי־שְׁלַח תַּתְּנַי ׀ פַּחַת עֲבַֽר־נַהֲרָה וּשְׁתַר בּוֹזְנַי וּכְנָוָתֵהּ אֲפַרְסְכָיֵא דִּי בַּעֲבַר נַהֲרָה עַל־דָּרְיָוֶשׁ מַלְכָּֽא׃
The text of the letter to King Darius which was sent by Tatnai, the governor of this side of the river and Shethar-boznai and his confederates, the Afarsachites on this side of the river:
The text of the letter to King Darius which was sent by Tatnai, the governor of this side of the river and Shethar-boznai and his confederates, the Afarsachites on this side of the river:
Rashi
פרשגן. פתרון פתשגן האגרת:
The interpretation the interpretation of the text of the letter.
וכנותיה. וסיעותיו:
and his companies [as translated,] and his companies.
אפרסכיא. אומה אחת הן שהיו בסיעותיהם:
the Apharsechites They are one nation that was in their companies.
על דריוש מלכא. אל דריוש המלך:
to King Darius Aram. עַל דָּרְיָוֶשּׁ מַלְכָּא, lit. on King Darius.
פִּתְגָמָא שְׁלַחוּ עֲלוֹהִי וְכִדְנָה כְּתִיב בְּגַוֵּהּ לְדָרְיָוֶשׁ מַלְכָּא שְׁלָמָא כֹֽלָּא׃ {ס}
[This is] what was sent to him, and thus was it written therein: "To Darius the king, all peace [unto him].
[This is] what was sent to him, and thus was it written therein: "To Darius the king, all peace [unto him].
Rashi
עלוהי. אליו:
to him Aram. עֲלוֹהִי, lit. on him.
וכדנה כתב בגויה. וכך היה כתוב בתוכה של אגרת:
and so was written in it and so was written in the letter.
שלמא כולא. כל השלום יהיה לו:
all peace All peace shall be his.
יְדִיעַ ׀ לֶהֱוֵא לְמַלְכָּא דִּֽי־אֲזַלְנָא לִיהוּד מְדִֽינְתָּא לְבֵית אֱלָהָא רַבָּא וְהוּא מִתְבְּנֵא אֶבֶן גְּלָל וְאָע מִתְּשָׂם בְּכֻתְלַיָּא וַעֲבִידְתָּא דָךְ אׇסְפַּרְנָא מִתְעַבְדָא וּמַצְלַח בְּיֶדְהֹֽם׃
Let it be known to the king that we have gone to [the land of] Judah, to the province of the Temple of the great G-d, and it is being built of marble stone with wood placed in the walls [(to reinforce the building)], and this work is proceeding hastily and is prospering in their hands.
Let it be known to the king that we have gone to [the land of] Judah, to the province of the Temple of the great G-d, and it is being built of marble stone with wood placed in the walls [(to reinforce the building)], and this work is proceeding hastily and is prospering in their hands.
Rashi
ידיע להוא למלכא. דבר ידוע יהיה למלך:
Let it be known to the king Let it be a known thing to the king.
די אזלנא. אשר הלכנו אל ארץ יהודה המדינה לבית אלוה הגדול:
that we went that we went to the land of the province of Judea, to the House of the great God.
והוא מתבנא. והוא הבית בנוי:
and it is built And it, the House, is built.
גלל. מרמר"א בלע"ז:
marble Aram. גְּלָּל (marmre in Old French), marble.
ואע מתשם בכתליא. ועצים נתונים ומשומים בכתלים כדי להחזיק הבניין למען יעמוד ימים רבים:
and wood is laid in the walls And wood is placed in the walls to reinforce the building in order that it endure for a long time.
ועבידתא דך. ומלאכה זאת:
אספרנא מתעבדא. מהרה היתה נעשית:
was done quickly Aram. אָסְפַּרְנָא מִתְעַבְדָה, was done quickly.
אספרנא. אפנטומינש בלע"ז:
אָסְפַּרְנָא is (espleytosement in Old French), rapidly.
ומצלח בידהום. והוצלח מעשה זה בידיהם:
and they succeeded at it Aram. וּמַצְלַח בְּיֶדְהם. And this work was successful in their hands.
אֱדַיִן שְׁאֵלְנָא לְשָׂבַיָּא אִלֵּךְ כְּנֵמָא אֲמַרְנָא לְּהֹם מַן־שָׂם לְכֹם טְעֵם בַּיְתָא דְנָה לְמִבְנְיָה וְאֻשַּׁרְנָא דְנָה לְשַׁכְלָלָֽה׃
Then [(when we saw the building)], we asked these elders as follows: Who authorized you to build this house and to found these walls?
Then [(when we saw the building)], we asked these elders as follows: Who authorized you to build this house and to found these walls?
Rashi
אדין. אז כשראינו הבניין שאלנו לזקנים האלה:
Then When we saw the building, we asked these elders.
כנמא אמרנא להום. כאשר נאמר בסמוך אמרנו אליהם:
as follows we said to them As we will say immediately following, we said to them.
מן שם לכם. מי שם לכם דבר הבית הזה לבנותו וכתלים הללו ליסד:
Who issued to you Who issued to you the authorization to build this house and to found these walls?
ואושרנא. בניין חומת לבנים:
and...wall the building of a wall of bricks.
וְאַף שְׁמָהָתְהֹם שְׁאֵלְנָא לְּהֹם לְהוֹדָעוּתָךְ דִּי נִכְתֻּב שֻׁם־גֻּבְרַיָּא דִּי בְרָאשֵׁיהֹֽם׃ {פ}
And we also asked them for their names to apprise you [of them] by writing the names of the men who are at their head.
And we also asked them for their names to apprise you [of them] by writing the names of the men who are at their head.
Rashi
ואף שמהתהום. ואף שמותם של בונים ראשי הבנין שאלנו להם כדי להודיעך:
also...their names We also asked them the names of the builders, the heads of the construction, in order to let you know.
די נכתוב. אשר נכתוב שמות האנשים אליך:
that we should write that we should write to you the names of the men.
די בראשיהם. אשר בעצמם וברשותם קמו לבנות הבית:
who are at their head in whose counsel and authorization they arose to build the House.
וּכְנֵמָא פִתְגָמָא הֲתִיבוּנָא לְמֵמַר אֲנַחְנָא הִמּוֹ עַבְדוֹהִי דִֽי־אֱלָהּ שְׁמַיָּא וְאַרְעָא וּבָנַיִן בַּיְתָא דִּֽי־הֲוָא בְנֵה מִקַּדְמַת דְּנָה שְׁנִין שַׂגִּיאָן וּמֶלֶךְ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל רַב בְּנָהִי וְשַׁכְלְלֵֽהּ׃
And they answered us as follows: "We are the servants of the G-d of heaven and earth, and we are [re] building the house which had been built many years before this, which a great king in Israel [(Solomon)] had built and completed.
And they answered us as follows: "We are the servants of the G-d of heaven and earth, and we are [re] building the house which had been built many years before this, which a great king in Israel [(Solomon)] had built and completed.
Rashi
וכנמא פתגמא. כמו שנאמר הדבר:
And as follows Aram. וּכְנֵמָא, as we shall state the matter.
התיבונא. השיבו לנו דבר:
they gave us a reply They answered us a word.
אנחנא המו. אנחנו הם עבדיו של אלהי השמים והארץ:
We are We are the servants of the God of the heavens and the earth.
ובנין ביתא. ואנו בונין הבית אשר היה בנוי קודם לכן שנים רבות:
and we are building the House And we are building the House that was built many years ago.
ומלך לישראל רב. ומלך גדול שהיה לישראל הוא שלמה המלך בנה אותו ויסד אותו:
and a great king of Israel And a great king that Israel had, viz. King Solomon, built it and founded it.
לָהֵן מִן־דִּי הַרְגִּזוּ אֲבָהָתַנָא לֶאֱלָהּ שְׁמַיָּא יְהַב הִמּוֹ בְּיַד נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶל (כסדיא) [כַּסְדָּאָה] וּבַיְתָה דְנָה סַתְרֵהּ וְעַמָּה הַגְלִי לְבָבֶֽל׃ {פ}
But now, because our fathers had angered the G-d of heaven, He delivered them into the hand of Nevuchadnezzar, king of Bavel, the Kasdian, and he destroyed that house and exiled the people to Bavel.
But now, because our fathers had angered the G-d of heaven, He delivered them into the hand of Nevuchadnezzar, king of Bavel, the Kasdian, and he destroyed that house and exiled the people to Bavel.
Rashi
להן. ועכשיו מפני אשר הכעיסו אבותינו לאלהי השמים מסר אותם ביד מלך בבל הכשדי והבית הזה החריב ואת העם הגלה לבבל:
But now But now, since our forefathers angered the God of the heavens, He delivered them into the hands of the Chaldean king of Babylon, and he destroyed this House and exiled the people to Babylon.
בְּרַם בִּשְׁנַת חֲדָה לְכוֹרֶשׁ מַלְכָּא דִּי בָבֶל כּוֹרֶשׁ מַלְכָּא שָׂם טְעֵם בֵּית־אֱלָהָא דְנָה לִבְּנֵֽא׃
But in the first year of Koresh, king of Bavel, King Koresh ordered this house of G-d to be rebuilt.
But in the first year of Koresh, king of Bavel, King Koresh ordered this house of G-d to be rebuilt.
Rashi
ברם. אך בשנה אחת לכורש מלך בבל צוה כורש בדבר הזה לבנות הבית:
But But in the first year of Cyrus, king of Babylon, Cyrus issued a command to build the House.
וְאַף מָאנַיָּא דִֽי־בֵית־אֱלָהָא דִּי דַהֲבָה וְכַסְפָּא דִּי נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר הַנְפֵּק מִן־הֵֽיכְלָא דִּי בִֽירוּשְׁלֶם וְהֵיבֵל הִמּוֹ לְהֵיכְלָא דִּי בָבֶל הַנְפֵּק הִמּוֹ כּוֹרֶשׁ מַלְכָּא מִן־הֵֽיכְלָא דִּי בָבֶל וִיהִיבוּ לְשֵׁשְׁבַּצַּר שְׁמֵהּ דִּי פֶחָה שָׂמֵֽהּ׃
And also the vessels of the house of G-d, of gold and of silver, which Nevuchadnezzar had taken from the sanctuary in Jerusalem and brought to his sanctuary in Bavel, King Koresh took out of the sanctuary of [the king of] Bavel, and gave to him called Sheshbatzar [(Daniel)], whom he had appointed governor.
And also the vessels of the house of G-d, of gold and of silver, which Nevuchadnezzar had taken from the sanctuary in Jerusalem and brought to his sanctuary in Bavel, King Koresh took out of the sanctuary of [the king of] Bavel, and gave to him called Sheshbatzar [(Daniel)], whom he had appointed governor.
Rashi
ואף מאניא. כלי הקדש של כסף וזהב אשר הוציא נבוכדנצר מן ההיכל שבירושלים והוליכם להיכלו שבבבל הוציא אותם כורש מהיכל מלך בבל ומסרם ליד ששבצר דניאל ששמו כך:
And also the vessels the holy vessels of silver and gold, which Nebuchadnezzar had taken out of the Temple that is in Jerusalem and brought to his temple that is in Babylon. Cyrus took them out of the temple of the king of Babylon and delivered them to the hand of Sheshbazzar—Daniel, who was called by that name.
והיבל המו. והוליך אותם:
and brought them [as translated,] and brought them.
הנפק המו. הוציא אותם:
had taken out [as translated,] had taken them out.
די פחה שמה. שהוא היה נשיא ופחת ונקרא שמו פחה:
whom he appointed governor for he was a prince and a governor and was called by the name governor.
וַאֲמַר־לֵהּ ׀ (אלה) [אֵל] מָֽאנַיָּא שֵׂא אֵֽזֶל־אֲחֵת הִמּוֹ בְּהֵיכְלָא דִּי בִירוּשְׁלֶם וּבֵית אֱלָהָא יִתְבְּנֵא עַל־אַתְרֵֽהּ׃ {פ}
And he [(Koresh)] said to him: Take these vessels and go and take them down to the sanctuary in Jerusalem, and let the house of G-d be built on its site.
And he [(Koresh)] said to him: Take these vessels and go and take them down to the sanctuary in Jerusalem, and let the house of G-d be built on its site.
Rashi
ואמר לה. וכך אמר לו כורש לששבצר אלה הכלים קח ולך והורד אותם בהיכל אשר בירושלים וביתו של הקב"ה יהא בנוי על מקומו:
And he said to him And so did Cyrus say to Sheshbazzar, “Take these vessels and bring them down into the Temple that is in Jerusalem, and the House of the Holy One, blessed be He, shall be built on its place.”
אֱדַיִן שֵׁשְׁבַּצַּר דֵּךְ אֲתָא יְהַב אֻשַּׁיָּא דִּי־בֵית אֱלָהָא דִּי בִירוּשְׁלֶם וּמִן־אֱדַיִן וְעַד־כְּעַן מִתְבְּנֵא וְלָא שְׁלִֽם׃
Then, this Sheshbatzar came and laid the foundation of the house of G-d in Jerusalem. And from then until now, it has been [in the process of being] built, and has not [yet] been completed.
Then, this Sheshbatzar came and laid the foundation of the house of G-d in Jerusalem. And from then until now, it has been [in the process of being] built, and has not [yet] been completed.
Rashi
אדין. אז:
then [as translated,] then.
ששבצר דך. זה בא ונתן כתלי ביתו של הקב"ה אשר בירושלים ומאז ועד עתה היה הבית בנוי ולא נגמר הבנין:
this Sheshbazzar Aram. דֵּךְ, came and built the walls of the House of the Holy One, blessed be He, that is in Jerusalem, and from then until now, the House has been built, but the building has not been completed.
וּכְעַן הֵן עַל־מַלְכָּא טָב יִתְבַּקַּר בְּבֵית גִּנְזַיָּא דִּי־מַלְכָּא תַמָּה דִּי בְּבָבֶל הֵן אִיתַי דִּֽי־מִן־כּוֹרֶשׁ מַלְכָּא שִׂים טְעֵם לְמִבְנֵא בֵּית־אֱלָהָא דֵךְ בִּירוּשְׁלֶם וּרְעוּת מַלְכָּא עַל־דְּנָה יִשְׁלַח עֲלֶֽינָא׃ {פ}
And now, if it is good in [the eyes of] the king, let [the thing] be searched out in the treasure house of the king there in Bavel, whether [or not] it was ordained by King Koresh to build this house of G-d in Jerusalem, and let the king send us his will on this matter."
And now, if it is good in [the eyes of] the king, let [the thing] be searched out in the treasure house of the king there in Bavel, whether [or not] it was ordained by King Koresh to build this house of G-d in Jerusalem, and let the king send us his will on this matter."
Rashi
וכען. ועתה אם על המלך טוב יהיה הדבר ידוע ומבוקר בבית גנזיו של מלך אשר שם בבבל:
And now And now, if it pleases the king, let the matter be known and searched out in the king’s archives, which is located in Babylon.
הן איתי. אם יש המעשה הזה אשר מפי כורש יצא דבר לבנות בית זה אשר בירושלים:
whether it is so whether this incident is so, that permission was issued by Cyrus to build this House, which is in Jerusalem.
ורעות מלכא. רצון המלך על כן ישלח אלינו:
and the will of the king And the will of the king concerning this he shall send to us.
עלינא. אלינו ע"כ מכתב האגרת אשר שלחו תתני ושתר בוזני:
to us Aram. עֲלֶינָא, lit. on us. Until here is the text of the letter that Tattenai and Shethar-bozenai sent.
והתנבי חגי נביאה. ועתה בשנת שתים לדריוש נתנבאו חגי וזכריה הנביאים אל היהודים אשר בארץ יהודה ובירושלים בשם אלהי ישראל אליהם לבנות בנין הבית בלא רשות המלך דריוש:
Now Haggai the prophet...prophesied And now in the second year of Darius, there came a prophecy to Haggai and Zechariah, the prophets to the Jews who were in the land of Judea and in Jerusalem, in the Name of the God of Israel to them, to build the edifice of the Temple without the authorization of King Darius.