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6:1

לְכוּ וְנָשׁוּבָה אֶל־יְהֹוָה כִּי הוּא טָרָף וְיִרְפָּאֵנוּ יַךְ וְיַחְבְּשֵֽׁנוּ׃

Come, and let us return to the Lord: for he has torn, and he will heal us; he has smitten, and he will bind us up.

Come, and let us return to the Lord: for he has torn, and he will heal us; he has smitten, and he will bind us up.

Rashi

לכו ונשובה. יאמרו לכו ונשובה וגו':

Come and let us return They will say, “Come and let us return etc.”

יך ויחבשנו. יך ל' הווה הוא, הוא מכה אותנו והוא יחבשנו:

He smites, and He will bind us up Heb. יַךְ. It is a present tense. He smites us, and He will bind us up.

6:2

יְחַיֵּנוּ מִיֹּמָיִם בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁי יְקִמֵנוּ וְנִחְיֶה לְפָנָֽיו׃

After two days he will revive us: in the third day he will raise us up, and we shall live in his presence.

After two days he will revive us: in the third day he will raise us up, and we shall live in his presence.

Rashi

יחיינו מיומים. יחזקנו משתי פורענות שעברו עלינו משתי מקדשות שחרבו:

He will revive us from the two days He will strengthen us from the two retributions which have passed over us from the two sanctuaries that were destroyed.

ביום השלישי. בבנין בית השלישי יקימנו:

on the third day With the construction of the third Temple, He will set us up.

מיומים. משתי עתים שעברו עלינו:

from the two days From the two times that have passed over us.

ביום השלישי. בעת השלישי:

on the third day In the third time.

6:3

וְנֵדְעָה נִרְדְּפָה לָדַעַת אֶת־יְהֹוָה כְּשַׁחַר נָכוֹן מֹצָאוֹ וְיָבוֹא כַגֶּשֶׁם לָנוּ כְּמַלְקוֹשׁ יוֹרֶה אָֽרֶץ׃

Let us therefore know, let us follow on to know the Lord: his going forth is sure as the morning; and he shall come to us as the rain, as the latter rain that waters the earth.

Let us therefore know, let us follow on to know the Lord: his going forth is sure as the morning; and he shall come to us as the rain, as the latter rain that waters the earth.

Rashi

לדעת את ה'. באמת ובתמים נכונים כשחר זה אשר נכון מוצאו:

to know the Lord truly and wholeheartedly, as sure as the dawn, whose going forth is sure.

ויבא כגשם לנו. כגשם הבא להיות חיים לעולם שאז יבא להורות חיים שיבאו לנו:

and He will come to us like rain Like rain which comes to be life for the world, for then He will come to teach life that will come to us.

יורה ארץ. ירוה ארץ:

which satisfies the earth Heb. יוֹרֶה אֶרֶץ.

6:4

מָה אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־לְּךָ אֶפְרַיִם מָה אֶעֱשֶׂה־לְּךָ יְהוּדָה וְחַסְדְּכֶם כַּעֲנַן־בֹּקֶר וְכַטַּל מַשְׁכִּים הֹלֵֽךְ׃

O Efrayim, what shall I do to thee? O Yehuda, what shall I do to thee? for your love is like a morning cloud, and as the early dew that early passes away.

O Efrayim, what shall I do to thee? O Yehuda, what shall I do to thee? for your love is like a morning cloud, and as the early dew that early passes away.

Rashi

מה אעשה לך. מפני מדת הדין איך אוציא משפטיך לאור:

What shall I do for you because of the Divine Standard of Justice; how can I bring out your verdicts to the light?

וחסדכם כענן בוקר. כל טובתכם וצדקתכם אינה כלום:

For your loving-kindness is like a morning cloud All your goodness and your righteousness is naught.

6:5

עַל־כֵּן חָצַבְתִּי בַּנְּבִיאִים הֲרַגְתִּים בְּאִמְרֵי־פִי וּמִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ אוֹר יֵצֵֽא׃

Therefore have I hewed them by the prophets; I have slain them by the words of my mouth: and thy judgment goes forth like the light.

Therefore have I hewed them by the prophets; I have slain them by the words of my mouth: and thy judgment goes forth like the light.

Rashi

על כן חצבתי בנביאים. על אשר חצבתי עליהם דברי על ידי הנביאים והם לא נזהרו בהם לפיכך הרגתים באמרי פי בשביל אמרי פי כך תירגם יונתן:

Because I have hewed by the prophets Heb. עַל-כֵּן. Because I hewed My words upon them through the prophets, but they did not take heed, therefore... I have put them to death because of the words of My mouth Because of the words of My mouth. So did Jonathan translate it.

על כן. כמו על אשר וכן כי על כן ראיתי פניך (בראשית ל״ג:י׳) כי על כן לא נתתיה לשלה בני (שם לח):

Because Heb. עַל-כֵּן. Like עַל אֲשֶׁר, because of that which. Comp. (Gen. 33:10) “Because (כִּי עַל-כֵּן) I saw your face”; (ibid. 27:36) “because (כִּי עַל-כֵּן) I did not give her to Shelah my son.”

ומשפטיך אור יצא. בתמיה ואיך אוכל לשאת לכם פנים מפני מדת הדין ומוסב על מה אעשה לך:

now will your verdicts come out to the light? This is a question. Now how will I be able to show you favoritism before the Divine Standard of Justice? This is a continuation of “What shall I do for you?”

6:6

כִּי חֶסֶד חָפַצְתִּי וְלֹא־זָבַח וְדַעַת אֱלֹהִים מֵעֹלֽוֹת׃

For I desired loyal love, and not sacrifice; and the knowledge of God more than burnt offerings.

For I desired loyal love, and not sacrifice; and the knowledge of God more than burnt offerings.

Rashi

ודעת אלהים. חפצתי מעולות:

and knowledge of God I desire more than burnt offerings.

6:7

וְהֵמָּה כְּאָדָם עָבְרוּ בְרִית שָׁם בָּגְדוּ בִֽי׃

But they, like Adam, have transgressed the covenant; there have they dealt treacherously against me.

But they, like Adam, have transgressed the covenant; there have they dealt treacherously against me.

Rashi

כאדם. כאדם הראשון:

like Adam Heb. כְּאַדָם, like the first man.

שם בגדו בו. בארץ טובה שהושבתים בה שם בגדו בי כאדם שהכנסתיו לגן עדן ועבר על מצותי:

there they betrayed Me In a good land where I settled them, there they betrayed Me, like Adam, whom I brought into the Garden of Eden, and he transgressed My commandment. [from Gen. Rabbah 19:9]

6:8

גִּלְעָד קִרְיַת פֹּעֲלֵי אָוֶן עֲקֻבָּה מִדָּֽם׃

Gil῾ad is a city of them that work iniquity; it is polluted with blood.

Gil῾ad is a city of them that work iniquity; it is polluted with blood.

Rashi

עקובה מדם. מליאה אורבי רציחה כמו ואת עקבו (יהושע ח) ויעקבני (ברא' כז):

who lurk to shed blood Heb. עֲקֻבָּה. Full of people who lurk to murder. Comp. (Jos. 8:13) “and their lyers in wait (עֲקֵבוֹ)”; (Gen. 27:36) “and he deceived me (וַיַּעְקְבֵנִי).”

6:9

וּכְחַכֵּי אִישׁ גְּדוּדִים חֶבֶר כֹּהֲנִים דֶּרֶךְ יְרַצְּחוּ־שֶׁכְמָה כִּי זִמָּה עָשֽׂוּ׃

And as troops of robbers wait for a man, so does the company of priests; they murder on the way to Shekhem: for they commit lewdness.

And as troops of robbers wait for a man, so does the company of priests; they murder on the way to Shekhem: for they commit lewdness.

Rashi

וכחכי איש גדודים. וכאסיפת איש ציד דגים האוספם בחכה יחד כן חכי גדודיהם חבורות כהניהם המתחברי' ללכת בדרך ירצחו שם כולם שכם אחד:

And as a man gathers fish, so do bands Heb. וּכְחַכֵּי. And as a fisherman gathers fish, who gathers them with a fishhook together, so do bands gather. Companies of their priests, who gather to go on the road, will all murder there in one group.

כי זמה עשו. כי עצה היא אשר נתיעצו לפני אסיפת' לאיז' מקום ילכו לרצח ולשלול שלל, וכחכי אימדור"ש בלעז ואף בל' משנה חכי ל' חיבור הוא (ב"ק קי"ט, יע"ש) ולא יטיל בו יותר משלשה חכין הם תפירות שהסורק מחבר בהן שני ראשין מן הבגד יחד כשחובטו במקלות ולשון זה משלי והגון בעיני וכן פירושו וכשיש בהם חבור אדם הנאספים יחד חבר כהנים הוא לרצח והראשון מדברי ר"מ שליח צבור זצ"ל:

for they devised a plot For this is a plot which they plotted prior to their gathering, to which place they would go to murder and to loot. וּכְחַכֵּי means ajjmedours in O.F, fishermen. And also in mishnaic Hebrew, חַכֵּי is an expression of joining. The Gemara states (Baba Kamma 119b): “And he shall not put into it more than three חַכִּין.” Those are the stitches with which the comber joins together both ends of the garment when he beats it with sticks. This [following] interpretation is mine, and it seems appropriate, and this is the explanation: And when there is a group of five men gathering together, it is a company of priests to murder. The first one is that of Rabbi Meir Sheliach Zibbur o.b.m.

שכמה. לשון כת אחת:

in one group Heb. שֶׁכְמָה, an expression of one group.

6:10

בְּבֵית יִשְׂרָאֵל רָאִיתִי (שעריריה) [שַׁעֲרֽוּרִיָּה] שָׁם זְנוּת לְאֶפְרַיִם נִטְמָא יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

I have seen a horrible thing in the house of Yisra᾽el: there harlotry is found in Efrayim, Yisra᾽el is defiled:

I have seen a horrible thing in the house of Yisra᾽el: there harlotry is found in Efrayim, Yisra᾽el is defiled:

Rashi

שערוריה. י"ת ל' שינוי ששינו את דרכם וכן שמה ושערוריה (ירמיה ה):

a horrible thing Heb. שַׁעֲרוּרִיָה. Jonathan renders this as an expression of change, for they changed their way, and so: (Jer. 5:20) “an appalling and horrible thing (שֲעֲרוּרָה).”

6:11

גַּם־יְהוּדָה שָׁת קָצִיר לָךְ בְּשׁוּבִי שְׁבוּת עַמִּֽי׃ {פ}

also, O Yehuda, there is a harvest appointed for thee. When I would have returned the captivity of my people,

also, O Yehuda, there is a harvest appointed for thee. When I would have returned the captivity of my people,

Rashi

גם יהודה. אף הוא הואיל וקלקל:

Judah, too Since they sinned.

שת. המשית זמן פורענות לה:

appointed Heb. שָׁת. The appointer appointed a time for retribution for her.

קציר. עת סילוקה וגלותה כמו עוד מעט ובאה עת הקציר לה (שם נא) בפורענות בבל בספר ירמיה:

harvest The time of her leaving and her exile. Comp. “A little more time and the time of harvest shall come to her,” in reference to the retribution of Babylon, in the Book of Jeremiah (51:33).

בשובי שבות עמי. בהוכיח אותם לשובב משובותם:

when I will return the backsliding of My people When I admonish them to return from their backsliding.

שבות עמי. לשון משובה נערו' ויולדות אינווייזור"א בלע"ז וכן בנים שובבים (שם ג) הבת השובבה (שם לא):

the backsliding of My people Heb. שְׁבוּת, an expression of the straying of youth and childhood, anwejjsdoure in O.F. Comp. (Jer. 3:14) “backsliding children (שוֹבָבִים)”; (ibid. 31:21) “backsliding daughter (הַבַּת הַשׁוֹבֵבָה).”

Texts

  • Hebrew: Miqra according to the Masorah · License: CC-BY-SA
  • English: The Koren Jerusalem Bible · License: CC-BY-NC
  • Hebrew: On Your Way · License: PD
  • English: The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg · License: CC-BY

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