Tanach
Hoshea 8 הושע ח׳
Part of: Setumah, Hosea 7:13
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
אֶל־חִכְּךָ שֹׁפָר כַּנֶּשֶׁר עַל־בֵּית יְהֹוָה יַעַן עָבְרוּ בְרִיתִי וְעַל־תּוֹרָתִי פָּשָֽׁעוּ׃
Set the shofar to thy mouth. He shall come like an eagle against the house of the Lord, because they have transgressed my covenant, and rebelled against my Tora.
Set the shofar to thy mouth. He shall come like an eagle against the house of the Lord, because they have transgressed my covenant, and rebelled against my Tora.
Rashi
לִי יִזְעָקוּ אֱלֹהַי יְֽדַעֲנוּךָ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
Yisra᾽el shall cry to me, My God, we know thee.
Yisra᾽el shall cry to me, My God, we know thee.
Rashi
לי יזעקו. כשתבוא עליהם הרעה:
To Me...will cry when evil befalls them...
אלהי ידענוך. הלא עמך אנחנו וסרסוהו ודרשוהו לי יזעקו ישר' אלהי ידענוך ואני לא אשמע להם כי
“My God! We know You” Are we not Your people? Transpose it and interpret it. Israel will cry to Me, “My God! We know You!” But I will not heed them, for...
זָנַח יִשְׂרָאֵל טוֹב אוֹיֵב יִרְדְּפֽוֹ׃
Yisra᾽el has cast off that which is good: the enemy shall pursue him.
Yisra᾽el has cast off that which is good: the enemy shall pursue him.
Rashi
זנח ישראל טוב. לפיכך אויב ירדפו:
Israel has cast off the Good One Therefore, the enemy shall pursue him.
הֵם הִמְלִיכוּ וְלֹא מִמֶּנִּי הֵשִׂירוּ וְלֹא יָדָעְתִּי כַּסְפָּם וּזְהָבָם עָשׂוּ לָהֶם עֲצַבִּים לְמַעַן יִכָּרֵֽת׃
They have set up kings, but not from me: they have made princes, and I knew it not: of their silver and their gold they have made themselves idols, that they may be cut off.
They have set up kings, but not from me: they have made princes, and I knew it not: of their silver and their gold they have made themselves idols, that they may be cut off.
Rashi
השירו. עשו שרים ד"א הסירו את זה ממלוכ' והמליכו את זה ובספר המסור' מוכיח כן שחברו במסורה כתבין שי"ן וקריין סמ"ך ופתרונו סמ"ך:
they removed Heb. הֵשִׁירוּ, they set up princes (שָּׂרִים). Another explanation: [הֵשִּׂירוּ is like הֵסִירוּ, they removed,] they removed this one from the throne and crowned this one, and in the book of the Masorah, this is proven, for he classified it in the Masorah of those written with a “shin” and read as a “samech,” bearing the meaning of the “samech.”
למען יכרת. למען כי היה להם זהב לרוב וגרמו להם שיכרת העושר מהם:
in order that it be cut off For they had much gold, and they caused for them that the wealth be cut off from them.
זָנַח עֶגְלֵךְ שֹׁמְרוֹן חָרָה אַפִּי בָּם עַד־מָתַי לֹא יוּכְלוּ נִקָּיֹֽן׃
Thy calf, O Shomeron, has cast thee off; my anger burns against them: how long will it be before they attain to innocency?
Thy calf, O Shomeron, has cast thee off; my anger burns against them: how long will it be before they attain to innocency?
Rashi
זנח. הקב"ה אתכם בני שומרון בעון עגלים שבבית אל שמלכי שומרון עובדים שם:
He has forsaken The Holy One, blessed be He, has forsaken you, children of Samaria, for the iniquity of the calves in Bethel, where the kings of Israel worship.
עד מתי לא יוכלו. להפנות לבם להנקות מאותו טינוף:
how long will they be unable to empty their hearts to be cleansed of that filth.
כִּי מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל וְהוּא חָרָשׁ עָשָׂהוּ וְלֹא אֱלֹהִים הוּא כִּֽי־שְׁבָבִים יִֽהְיֶה עֵגֶל שֹׁמְרֽוֹן׃
For from Yisra᾽el was it also: the workman made it; it is not God: but the calf of Shomeron shall be broken in pieces.
For from Yisra᾽el was it also: the workman made it; it is not God: but the calf of Shomeron shall be broken in pieces.
Rashi
כי מישראל והוא. מכספם וזהבם של כל אחד ואחד הוא גבוי והחרש עשהו והוי"ו של והוא נופל ויש הרבה וי"ו דומין לו (יחזקאל מו) בצאתו וגבאיו ולא ירפאו אף כאן כי מישראל הזמנתו והכנתו והוא נעשה ויש לישב הוי"ו הזאת כן כי מישראל והוא אף העגל הזה מאתם בא כמות העגל הראשון:
For it is from Israel From each one’s silver and gold it was collected, and the craftsman made it. And the “vav” of וְהוּא is superfluous, and there are many like it, e.g. (Ezekiel 47:11), “Its swamps and its pools shall not become healthy (וְלֹא יֵרָפְאוּ).” Here too, for its preparation is from Israel and it is made. And this “vav” may be reconciled in the following manner: כִּי מִיִשְׂרָאֵל וְהוּא Also, this calf came from them like the first calf.
שבבים. לנסרי לווחין ולשון ארמית הוא שיבא מכשורא (סנהדרין ז):
splinters Heb. שְׁבָבִים, Jonathan renders: splinters of boards, and it is an Aramaic expression. cf. שִּׁיבָא מִכְּשּׁוּרָא (Sanhedrin 7b), a splinter of a beam.
כִּי רוּחַ יִזְרָעוּ וְסוּפָתָה יִקְצֹרוּ קָמָה אֵֽין־לוֹ צֶמַח בְּלִי יַעֲשֶׂה־קֶּמַח אוּלַי יַעֲשֶׂה זָרִים יִבְלָעֻֽהוּ׃
For they have sown the wind, and they shall reap the stormwind: it has no stalk: the bud that shall yield no meal: if perhaps it yields, strangers shall swallow it up.
For they have sown the wind, and they shall reap the stormwind: it has no stalk: the bud that shall yield no meal: if perhaps it yields, strangers shall swallow it up.
Rashi
קמה אין לו. לזרע שלהם כלו' לא יצליחו במעשיהם:
it has no standing grain Their seed has no standing grain; i.e., they will not prosper with their deeds.
אולי יעשה. אף אם יעשה קמח:
if it does produce Even if it produces flour.
זרים יבלעוהו. אף אם יצליחו בנכסיהם סופו ליפול ביד זרים:
strangers will swallow it Even if they prosper with their property, it will eventually fall into the hands of strangers.
נִבְלַע יִשְׂרָאֵל עַתָּה הָיוּ בַגּוֹיִם כִּכְלִי אֵֽין־חֵפֶץ בּֽוֹ׃
Yisra᾽el is swallowed up: now shall they be among the nations like a useless vessel.
Yisra᾽el is swallowed up: now shall they be among the nations like a useless vessel.
כִּי־הֵמָּה עָלוּ אַשּׁוּר פֶּרֶא בּוֹדֵד לוֹ אֶפְרַיִם הִתְנוּ אֲהָבִֽים׃
For they are gone up to Ashur, a wild ass alone by himself: Efrayim has hired lovers.
For they are gone up to Ashur, a wild ass alone by himself: Efrayim has hired lovers.
Rashi
פרא בודד לו. נעשו כפרא שהולך בודד לעצמו שואף רוח ממקום למקום לנוד:
a wild donkey secluded to himself He became like a wild donkey that goes alone to itself, sniffing air from place to place to wander.
התנו אהבים. י"ת לשון תנים כמו ערוד זה שהולך במדברות שאפו רוח כתנים לקנות להם אוהבים נואפי' זרים התנו אידגרוניו"ט בלע"ז ויש לפרש לשון אתנן:
they paid hire for love Heb. הִתְנוּ. Jonathan interprets it as an expression of a dragon; like this dragon that goes through the deserts. They sniffed the air like the dragon to acquire for themselves lovers, strange paramours. הִתְנוּ, endragonיrיnt in O.F., like the tremors of the nostrils of a dragon, [derived from תַּנִין. According to this derivation we render: dragonlike, they sought lovers.] It may also be explained as an expression of hire.
גַּם כִּֽי־יִתְנוּ בַגּוֹיִם עַתָּה אֲקַבְּצֵם וַיָּחֵלּוּ מְּעָט מִמַּשָּׂא מֶלֶךְ שָׂרִֽים׃
Though they have hired lovers among the nations, now I will gather them; and in a little while they will tremble at the burden of a king and princes.
Though they have hired lovers among the nations, now I will gather them; and in a little while they will tremble at the burden of a king and princes.
Rashi
גם כי יתנו בגוים. אע"פ שעשו זאת שהתנו אהבים בעכו"ם:
Although they pay hire among the nations Although they did this, that they paid for lovers of the nations.
עתה אקבצם. בבא עת גאולתם לא אעכבנה:
now I will gather them When the time of their redemption arrives, I will not delay it.
ויחלו מעט ממשא מלך שרים. ויכנעו מעט בגלות' בבבל מיראת משא מלך שרים מעול האומות שהיו בתוכם:
and they will be humbled a little from the burden of the king and the princes And they will be humbled a little in their exile from the fear of the burden of the king and the princes, i.e. from the yoke of the kings of the nations among whom they were.
כִּי־הִרְבָּה אֶפְרַיִם מִזְבְּחוֹת לַחֲטֹא הָיוּ־לוֹ מִזְבְּחוֹת לַחֲטֹֽא׃
Because Efrayim has multiplied altars for sin, the altars have been to him a cause of sinning.
Because Efrayim has multiplied altars for sin, the altars have been to him a cause of sinning.
Rashi
כי הרבה אפרים. לפיכך אחילנו ממשא מלך שרים:
For Ephraim has increased Therefore, I will humble them with the burden of the king and the princes.
(אכתוב) [אֶכְתׇּב־]לוֹ (רבו) [רֻבֵּי] תּוֹרָתִי כְּמוֹ־זָר נֶחְשָֽׁבוּ׃
Though I write for him the great things of my Tora, they are reckoned a strange thing.
Though I write for him the great things of my Tora, they are reckoned a strange thing.
Rashi
אכתוב לו. אני תמיד מוכיחו על ידי נביאי וכותב לו רובי תורתי והם כמו זר נחשבו:
I write for them I constantly reprimand them through My prophets, and write for them the great things of My Law, but they are considered a strange thing.
זִבְחֵי הַבְהָבַי יִזְבְּחוּ בָשָׂר וַיֹּאכֵלוּ יְהֹוָה לֹא רָצָם עַתָּה יִזְכֹּר עֲוֺנָם וְיִפְקֹד חַטֹּאותָם הֵמָּה מִצְרַיִם יָשֽׁוּבוּ׃
As for the sacrifices that they burn for me, let them slaughter the flesh, and eat it; the Lord desires them not; now will he remember their iniquity, and punish their sins: they shall return to Miżrayim.
As for the sacrifices that they burn for me, let them slaughter the flesh, and eat it; the Lord desires them not; now will he remember their iniquity, and punish their sins: they shall return to Miżrayim.
Rashi
זבחי הבהבי. זבחי עולתי שהם מהבהבים לפני באש שעל מזבחי:
As for the sacrifices they burn before Me Heb. זִבְחֵי הַבְהָבַי. The sacrifice of My burnt offerings that they scorch in the fire which is upon My altar.
יזבחו בשר ויאכלו. למה לי שמביאים אותם יזבחו להיות להם בשר למאכלם ויאכלום כי אינני רוצה אותם:
let them slaughter the flesh and eat [it] Why do I need them to bring them? Let them slaughter so that they have flesh to eat and eat them, for I do not desire them.
וַיִּשְׁכַּח יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת־עֹשֵׂהוּ וַיִּבֶן הֵיכָלוֹת וִיהוּדָה הִרְבָּה עָרִים בְּצֻרוֹת וְשִׁלַּחְתִּי־אֵשׁ בְּעָרָיו וְאָכְלָה אַרְמְנֹתֶֽיהָ׃ {פ}
For Yisra᾽el has forgotten his Maker, and builds palaces; and Yehuda has multiplied fortified cities: but I will send a fire upon his cities, and it shall devour their palaces.
For Yisra᾽el has forgotten his Maker, and builds palaces; and Yehuda has multiplied fortified cities: but I will send a fire upon his cities, and it shall devour their palaces.
אל חכך שופר. שכינה אומרת לנביא השמע קול חכך וקרא כשופר ואומר עופו ומהרו האויבים כאשר ידאה הנשר ובא אל בית ה' אל חכך שופר כאילו השופר נתון אל חכך:
To your palate a shophar The Shechinah says to the prophet: Let the voice of your palate be heard, and call like a shophar, and say: You enemies! Fly and hasten as the eagle swoops and come to the house of the Lord. To your palate a shophar, it is as though a shophar is placed to your palate. [after Jonathan]