Tanach
Hoshea 9:10-17 הושע ט׳:י׳-י״ז
Part of: Chapter 9
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
כַּעֲנָבִים בַּמִּדְבָּר מָצָאתִי יִשְׂרָאֵל כְּבִכּוּרָהֿ בִתְאֵנָה בְּרֵאשִׁיתָהּ רָאִיתִי אֲבוֹתֵיכֶם הֵמָּה בָּאוּ בַֽעַל־פְּעוֹר וַיִּנָּֽזְרוּ לַבֹּשֶׁת וַיִּהְיוּ שִׁקּוּצִים כְּאׇהֳבָֽם׃
I found Yisra᾽el like grapes in the wilderness; I saw your fathers as the first ripe fruit in the fig tree at her first season: but when they came to Ba῾al-pe῾or, they dedicated themselves to that shame; and they became detestable like the thing which they loved.
I found Yisra᾽el like grapes in the wilderness; I saw your fathers as the first ripe fruit in the fig tree at her first season: but when they came to Ba῾al-pe῾or, they dedicated themselves to that shame; and they became detestable like the thing which they loved.
Rashi
כביכורה בתאנה. כתאנה מבושלת בעץ התאנה:
like a ripe fig Heb. כְּבִכּוּרָה, like a ripe fig. on a fig tree Heb. בִתְאֵנָהּ.
בראשיתה. בתחלת בישול התאנים:
in its beginning In the beginning of the ripening of the figs.
ראיתי אבותיכם. כן נראו אבותיכם בעיני לחבבם:
I saw your forefathers So did your forefathers appear in My eyes to love them.
וינזרו. אין נזירה בכל מקום אלא לשון פרישה:
and they separated themselves Heb. וַיִנָּזְרוּ. Nowhere is נְזִירָה anything but an expression of separation.
לבושת. לעכו"ם שהיא בשתם:
to a shameful thing To the deity, Baal-peor, which is their shame.
ויהי שקוצים. לפני:
and they became detestable before Me.
כאהבם. את בנות מואב:
when they loved the daughters of Moab.
אֶפְרַיִם כָּעוֹף יִתְעוֹפֵף כְּבוֹדָם מִלֵּדָה וּמִבֶּטֶן וּמֵהֵרָיֽוֹן׃
As for Efrayim, their glory shall fly away like a bird; no birth, and no pregnancy, and no conception.
As for Efrayim, their glory shall fly away like a bird; no birth, and no pregnancy, and no conception.
Rashi
אפרים כעוף יתעופף וגו'. אמר הנביא הלואי ויהיו כעוף הזה הנודד מקינו וחדל מפריה ורביה כך ישכלו את זרעם או בשעת לידה או יתעכל בבטן ויפילו או בשעת הריון לא יקלוטו כי מה בצע בגדלם את בניהם שהם יגדלו ושכלתים מאדם:
As for Ephraim their honor shall fly away like a bird etc. Said the prophet: If only they would be like a bird that wanders from its nest and ceases to multiply, so should they be bereft of their seed, either at the time of birth, or that it should disintegrate and they should miscarry, or at the time of conception that they should not conceive, for what use is it that they raise their children, since, if they raise them, I will bereave them before they become men.
כִּי אִם־יְגַדְּלוּ אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶם וְשִׁכַּלְתִּים מֵאָדָם כִּֽי־גַם־אוֹי לָהֶם בְּשׂוּרִי מֵהֶֽם׃
Though they bring up their children, yet I will bereave them, that there shall not be a man left: woe also to them when I depart from them!
Though they bring up their children, yet I will bereave them, that there shall not be a man left: woe also to them when I depart from them!
Rashi
כי גם. לאבות:
for woe... also Woe to the fathers.
אוי להם בשורי מהם. כמו בסורי מהן והוא מן מסורות כתבין שי"ן וקריין סמ"ך ד"א כעוף יתעופף כבודם וגו' כעוף זה שפורח ואיננו כן יעוף ויברח כל כבודם כל מה שנצטערו בבניהם בליד' ובהריון מלידה זה צער לידה ומבטן אלו ימי העיבור ומהריון בשעת תשמיש כל טרחם זה יכלה כיצד שהרי כשיגדלו את בניהם ושכלתים:
when I turn away from them Heb. בְּשוּרִי, like בְּסוּרִי, when I turn away from them. This is one of the words listed in the Masorah, which are spelled with a “sin” but read with a “sammech.” Another explanation: their honor shall fly away like a bird etc. Like this bird which flies away and is no more, so will their honor fly away and flee, all that they toiled with their children in birth, [in the womb,] and in conception. From birth This refers to the birth pangs. and from the womb This refers to the days of pregnancy. and from conception At the time of coitus. All this toil of theirs will end. How so? For, when they raise their children, I will bereave them.
אֶפְרַיִם כַּאֲשֶׁר־רָאִיתִי לְצוֹר שְׁתוּלָה בְנָוֶה וְאֶפְרַיִם לְהוֹצִיא אֶל־הֹרֵג בָּנָֽיו׃
Efrayim, as I saw Żor, is planted in pleasant place: but Efrayim shall bring forth his children to the slayer.
Efrayim, as I saw Żor, is planted in pleasant place: but Efrayim shall bring forth his children to the slayer.
Rashi
אפרים כאשר ראיתי לצור. בשלוותה מעטיר' ועשירה על כל המדינות כן ראיתי לאפרים שתולה בנוה ואפרים מה גמול שלם לי נתעסק להוציא אל הורג בניו לזובחם לעכו"ם של מולך כן תירגם יונתן:
Ephraim, as I saw Tyre in its tranquility, enjoying royalty and wealth more than all the provinces, so did I see Ephraim, planted in a dwelling place. But Ephraim what recompense did he recompense Me? He occupied himself with taking his children out to the slayer, to slaughter them in worship of the idols. So did Jonathan translate.
תֵּן־לָהֶם יְהֹוָה מַה־תִּתֵּן תֵּן־לָהֶם רֶחֶם מַשְׁכִּיל וְשָׁדַיִם צֹמְקִֽים׃
Give them, O Lord: what wilt Thou give? give them a miscarrying womb and dry breasts.
Give them, O Lord: what wilt Thou give? give them a miscarrying womb and dry breasts.
Rashi
תן להם ה' מה תתן. הנביא מתפלל שימותו קטנים שאינו דומה אבלו של קטן לאבלו של גדול לפיכך אם אי אפשר מלידה ומבטן ומהריון שכבר נגזר מבריאת עולם (בראשית ג׳:ט״ז) ואל אישך תשוקתך תן להם מהרה בקטנותם מה שאתה אומר ליתן להם לאחר זמן שאמרת כי אם יגדלו את בניה' ושכלתים:
Give them, O Lord, what You will give The prophet prays that they should die when young, for the mourning for a child is not as bad as the mourning for an adult. Therefore, if it is impossible that they die from birth, from the womb, or from conception, for it was already decreed from the Creation of the world, (Gen. 3: l6) “And to your husband shall be your longing,” give them quickly in their childhood what you say to give to them after a time, for You said, “For, if they raise their children. I will bereave them.” [from Pesikta Rabbathi 45:3]
תן להם רחם משכיל. בשעה שיוצאין לאויר עולם ימותו או יצטמקו שדי אמן שלא יהא להם חלב להניק:
give them a bereaving womb When they emerge into the world (lit. the air of the world), let them die or let their mother’s breasts dry up so that they will have no milk to nurse them.
כׇּל־רָעָתָם בַּגִּלְגָּל כִּי־שָׁם שְׂנֵאתִים עַל רֹעַ מַעַלְלֵיהֶם מִבֵּיתִי אֲגָרְשֵׁם לֹא אוֹסֵף אַהֲבָתָם כׇּל־שָׂרֵיהֶם סֹרְרִֽים׃
All their wickedness is in Gilgal: for there I hated them: for the wickedness of their doings I will drive them out of my house: I will love them no more: all their princes are rebellious.
All their wickedness is in Gilgal: for there I hated them: for the wickedness of their doings I will drive them out of my house: I will love them no more: all their princes are rebellious.
Rashi
כל רעתם בגלגל. שם הרבו לעבוד עכו"ם בבמות לפי שהיה שם המשכן בתחלה היו אומרים להם נביאי הבעל שהוא מקום נבחר והוא היה למלכי ישראל:
All their evil is in Gilgal There they worshipped idols to a great extent (on high places absent in mss.). Since the mishkan was there first, the prophets of Baal would tell them that was a choice site, and it belonged to the kings of Israel.
לא אוסיף אהבתם. לאהוב אותם:
I will not continue to love them Heb. לֹא אוֹסֵף אַהֲבָתָם, lit. I will not continue their love.
הֻכָּה אֶפְרַיִם שׇׁרְשָׁם יָבֵשׁ פְּרִי (בלי) [בַֽל־]יַעֲשׂוּן גַּם כִּי יֵלֵדוּן וְהֵמַתִּי מַחֲמַדֵּי בִטְנָֽם׃
Efrayim is smitten, their root is dried up, they shall bear no fruit: yea, though they bring forth, yet will I slay the beloved fruit of their womb.
Efrayim is smitten, their root is dried up, they shall bear no fruit: yea, though they bring forth, yet will I slay the beloved fruit of their womb.
Rashi
פרי בל יעשון. לא טוב להם לפרות ולרבות שהרי גם כי ילדו והמתי מחמדי בטנם:
they shall not produce fruit It is not good for them to multiply, for, even if they bear children, I will slay the precious ones of their womb.
יִמְאָסֵם אֱלֹהַי כִּי לֹא שָׁמְעוּ לוֹ וְיִֽהְיוּ נֹדְדִים בַּגּוֹיִֽם׃ {ס}
My God will cast them away, because they did not hearken to him: and they shall be wanderers among the nations.
My God will cast them away, because they did not hearken to him: and they shall be wanderers among the nations.
Rashi
ימאסם אלהי. איננו קללה אלא בשורה עתיד הוא למאסם:
My God shall reject them This is not a curse but a report. He is destined to reject them.
כענבים במדבר. כענבים שהם חביבים במדבר כך חיבבתי את ישראל:
Like grapes in the desert Like grapes, which are precious in the desert, so did I love Israel.