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19:1

וַיְדַבֵּר שָׁאוּל אֶל־יוֹנָתָן בְּנוֹ וְאֶל־כׇּל־עֲבָדָיו לְהָמִית אֶת־דָּוִד וִיהֽוֹנָתָן בֶּן־שָׁאוּל חָפֵץ בְּדָוִד מְאֹֽד׃

Shaul spoke to Yonoson his son and to all his servants about killing Dovid, but Yonoson, son of Shaul, liked Dovid very much.

Shaul spoke to Yonoson his son and to all his servants about killing Dovid, but Yonoson, son of Shaul, liked Dovid very much.

19:2

וַיַּגֵּד יְהֽוֹנָתָן לְדָוִד לֵאמֹר מְבַקֵּשׁ שָׁאוּל אָבִי לַהֲמִיתֶךָ וְעַתָּה הִשָּׁמֶר־נָא בַבֹּקֶר וְיָשַׁבְתָּ בַסֵּתֶר וְנַחְבֵּֽאתָ׃

And Yonoson told Dovid, saying, "My father Shaul wants to kill you, so now please be careful this morning; stay in a secret place, and hide yourself.

And Yonoson told Dovid, saying, "My father Shaul wants to kill you, so now please be careful this morning; stay in a secret place, and hide yourself.

19:3

וַאֲנִי אֵצֵא וְעָמַדְתִּי לְיַד־אָבִי בַּשָּׂדֶה אֲשֶׁר אַתָּה שָׁם וַאֲנִי אֲדַבֵּר בְּךָ אֶל־אָבִי וְרָאִיתִי מָה וְהִגַּדְתִּי לָֽךְ׃ {ס}        

I will go out and stand next to my father in the field where you are; I will speak to my father about you, and I will see what happens and tell you."

I will go out and stand next to my father in the field where you are; I will speak to my father about you, and I will see what happens and tell you."

Rashi

ליד אבי. סמוך לאבי, איינשיי"ש בלע"ז:

Next to my father. Near my father; en ses aises in O.F.

19:4

וַיְדַבֵּר יְהוֹנָתָן בְּדָוִד טוֹב אֶל־שָׁאוּל אָבִיו וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלָיו אַל־יֶחֱטָא הַמֶּלֶךְ בְּעַבְדּוֹ בְדָוִד כִּי לוֹא חָטָא לָךְ וְכִי מַעֲשָׂיו טוֹב־לְךָ מְאֹֽד׃

So Yonoson spoke favorably of Dovid to his father Shaul, and said to him, "Let the king not sin against his servant, against Dovid, for he has not sinned against you, and because his deeds are very beneficial for you.

So Yonoson spoke favorably of Dovid to his father Shaul, and said to him, "Let the king not sin against his servant, against Dovid, for he has not sinned against you, and because his deeds are very beneficial for you.

19:5

וַיָּשֶׂם אֶת־נַפְשׁוֹ בְכַפּוֹ וַיַּךְ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי וַיַּעַשׂ יְהֹוָה תְּשׁוּעָה גְדוֹלָה לְכׇל־יִשְׂרָאֵל רָאִיתָ וַתִּשְׂמָח וְלָמָּה תֶֽחֱטָא בְּדָם נָקִי לְהָמִית אֶת־דָּוִד חִנָּֽם׃

He endangered his life and slew the Philistine, and Adonoy granted a great salvation to all of Yisroel You saw and rejoiced. Why then should you sin [by spilling] innocent blood, to kill Dovid for no reason?"

He endangered his life and slew the Philistine, and Adonoy granted a great salvation to all of Yisroel You saw and rejoiced. Why then should you sin [by spilling] innocent blood, to kill Dovid for no reason?"

19:6

וַיִּשְׁמַע שָׁאוּל בְּקוֹל יְהוֹנָתָן וַיִּשָּׁבַע שָׁאוּל חַי־יְהֹוָה אִם־יוּמָֽת׃

Shaul listened to Yonoson's voice, and Shaul swore, "As Adonoy lives, he shall not be put to death."

Shaul listened to Yonoson's voice, and Shaul swore, "As Adonoy lives, he shall not be put to death."

19:7

וַיִּקְרָא יְהוֹנָתָן לְדָוִד וַיַּגֶּד־לוֹ יְהוֹנָתָן אֵת כׇּל־הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה וַיָּבֵא יְהוֹנָתָן אֶת־דָּוִד אֶל־שָׁאוּל וַיְהִי לְפָנָיו כְּאֶתְמוֹל שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃ {ס}        

Then Yonoson called Dovid, and Yonoson told him all these things. Yonoson brought Dovid to Shaul and he stayed with him as in previous times.

Then Yonoson called Dovid, and Yonoson told him all these things. Yonoson brought Dovid to Shaul and he stayed with him as in previous times.

19:8

וַתּוֹסֶף הַמִּלְחָמָה לִֽהְיוֹת וַיֵּצֵא דָוִד וַיִּלָּחֶם בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּים וַיַּךְ בָּהֶם מַכָּה גְדוֹלָה וַיָּנֻסוּ מִפָּנָֽיו׃

There was war again, and Dovid went out and fought the Philistines. He struck them a great blow, and they fled from him.

There was war again, and Dovid went out and fought the Philistines. He struck them a great blow, and they fled from him.

19:9

וַתְּהִי רוּחַ יְהֹוָה ׀ רָעָה אֶל־שָׁאוּל וְהוּא בְּבֵיתוֹ יֹשֵׁב וַחֲנִיתוֹ בְּיָדוֹ וְדָוִד מְנַגֵּן בְּיָֽד׃

Then an evil spirit from Adonoy befell Shaul, while he was sitting in his house with his spear in his hand, and Dovid was playing [music] with his hand.

Then an evil spirit from Adonoy befell Shaul, while he was sitting in his house with his spear in his hand, and Dovid was playing [music] with his hand.

19:10

וַיְבַקֵּשׁ שָׁאוּל לְהַכּוֹת בַּֽחֲנִית בְּדָוִד וּבַקִּיר וַיִּפְטַר מִפְּנֵי שָׁאוּל וַיַּךְ אֶֽת־הַחֲנִית בַּקִּיר וְדָוִד נָס וַיִּמָּלֵט בַּלַּיְלָה הֽוּא׃ {פ}

Shaul tried to strike Dovid and the wall with the spear, but he slipped away from Shaul and the spear hit the wall. Dovid fled and escaped on that night.

Shaul tried to strike Dovid and the wall with the spear, but he slipped away from Shaul and the spear hit the wall. Dovid fled and escaped on that night.

19:11

וַיִּשְׁלַח שָׁאוּל מַלְאָכִים אֶל־בֵּית דָּוִד לְשׇׁמְרוֹ וְלַהֲמִיתוֹ בַּבֹּקֶר וַתַּגֵּד לְדָוִד מִיכַל אִשְׁתּוֹ לֵאמֹר אִם־אֵינְךָ מְמַלֵּט אֶֽת־נַפְשְׁךָ הַלַּיְלָה מָחָר אַתָּה מוּמָֽת׃

Shaul sent messengers to Dovid's house to watch him and kill him in the morning. His wife Michal told Dovid, saying, "If you do not escape with your life tonight, tomorrow you will be dead."

Shaul sent messengers to Dovid's house to watch him and kill him in the morning. His wife Michal told Dovid, saying, "If you do not escape with your life tonight, tomorrow you will be dead."

19:12

וַתֹּרֶד מִיכַל אֶת־דָּוִד בְּעַד הַחַלּוֹן וַיֵּלֶךְ וַיִּבְרַח וַיִּמָּלֵֽט׃

Michal lowered Dovid through the window; he went and ran away and escaped.

Michal lowered Dovid through the window; he went and ran away and escaped.

19:13

וַתִּקַּח מִיכַל אֶת־הַתְּרָפִים וַתָּשֶׂם אֶל־הַמִּטָּה וְאֵת כְּבִיר הָעִזִּים שָׂמָה מְרַאֲשֹׁתָיו וַתְּכַס בַּבָּֽגֶד׃ {ס}        

Michal then took a manlike figure and put it in the bed; she put a goatskin at its head and covered it with a cloth.

Michal then took a manlike figure and put it in the bed; she put a goatskin at its head and covered it with a cloth.

Rashi

ותקח מיכל. כדי שלא יבינו שברח וירדפו אחריו:

Michal took. So that they would not realize that he fled, and pursue him.

את התרפים. עשויים בדמות גוף אדם:

A manlike figure. Made in the likeness of a human body.

כביר העזים. עור מופשט שלם כחמת, פלוצי"ל בלע"ז:

A goatskin. A hide skinned in one piece, like a skin bottle. Flocele in O.F.

שמה מראשותיו. לפי שאין לתרפים שיער, וזה דומה לשיער אדם:

She put…at its head. Because the manlike figure has no hair, and this resembles human hair.

19:14

וַיִּשְׁלַח שָׁאוּל מַלְאָכִים לָקַחַת אֶת־דָּוִד וַתֹּאמֶר חֹלֶה הֽוּא׃ {ס}        

Shaul sent messengers to take Dovid, but she said, "He is sick."

Shaul sent messengers to take Dovid, but she said, "He is sick."

19:15

וַיִּשְׁלַח שָׁאוּל אֶת־הַמַּלְאָכִים לִרְאוֹת אֶת־דָּוִד לֵאמֹר הַעֲלוּ אֹתוֹ בַמִּטָּה אֵלַי לַהֲמִתֽוֹ׃

Shaul then sent the messengers [again] to inquire after Dovid, telling them, "Bring him up to me in the bed, to have him killed."

Shaul then sent the messengers [again] to inquire after Dovid, telling them, "Bring him up to me in the bed, to have him killed."

19:16

וַיָּבֹאוּ הַמַּלְאָכִים וְהִנֵּה הַתְּרָפִים אֶל־הַמִּטָּה וּכְבִיר הָעִזִּים מְרַאֲשֹׁתָֽיו׃ {ס}        

The messengers came and behold, the manlike figure was in the bed and a goatskin at its head!

The messengers came and behold, the manlike figure was in the bed and a goatskin at its head!

19:17

וַיֹּאמֶר שָׁאוּל אֶל־מִיכַל לָמָּה כָּכָה רִמִּיתִנִי וַתְּשַׁלְּחִי אֶת־אֹיְבִי וַיִּמָּלֵט וַתֹּאמֶר מִיכַל אֶל־שָׁאוּל הוּא־אָמַר אֵלַי שַׁלְּחִנִי לָמָה אֲמִיתֵֽךְ׃

Shaul asked Michal, "Why have you tricked me this way? You sent away my enemy and he has escaped." Michal said to Shaul, "He said to me, 'Let me go, why make me kill you.'"

Shaul asked Michal, "Why have you tricked me this way? You sent away my enemy and he has escaped." Michal said to Shaul, "He said to me, 'Let me go, why make me kill you.'"

Rashi

הוא אמר אלי וגו'. אתה מסרתני ביד לסטים אחד, שלף חרבו עלי עד ששלחתיו:

He said to me… You delivered me into the hands of a bandit.1She placed the blame for Dovid’s escape on Shaul. He drew his sword at me until I let him leave.

19:18

וְדָוִד בָּרַח וַיִּמָּלֵט וַיָּבֹא אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵל הָרָמָתָה וַיַּגֶּד־לוֹ אֵת כׇּל־אֲשֶׁר עָֽשָׂה־לוֹ שָׁאוּל וַיֵּלֶךְ הוּא וּשְׁמוּאֵל וַיֵּשְׁבוּ (בנוית) [בְּנָיֽוֹת]׃

Dovid fled and escaped, and came to Shmuel at Romoh; he told him all that Shaul had done to him, then he and Shmuel went and stayed at Nayos.

Dovid fled and escaped, and came to Shmuel at Romoh; he told him all that Shaul had done to him, then he and Shmuel went and stayed at Nayos.

19:19

וַיֻּגַּד לְשָׁאוּל לֵאמֹר הִנֵּה דָוִד (בנוית) [בְּנָיוֹת] בָּרָמָֽה׃

It was told to Shaul, saying, "Behold! Dovid is in Nayos, in Romoh."

It was told to Shaul, saying, "Behold! Dovid is in Nayos, in Romoh."

Rashi

בניות. (תרגום:) בבית אולפנא:

In Nayos. In the house of study.2Radak explains that נָיוֹת is derived from the word נָוֶה [=beauty], referring to the Beis Hamikdosh, which is the beauty of the world. They were sitting in Romoh engaged and seeking a location for the Beis Hamikdosh, the beauty of the world.

19:20

וַיִּשְׁלַח שָׁאוּל מַלְאָכִים לָקַחַת אֶת־דָּוִד וַיַּרְא אֶֽת־לַהֲקַת הַנְּבִיאִים נִבְּאִים וּשְׁמוּאֵל עֹמֵד נִצָּב עֲלֵיהֶם וַתְּהִי עַֽל־מַלְאֲכֵי שָׁאוּל רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים וַיִּֽתְנַבְּאוּ גַּם־הֵֽמָּה׃

Shaul sent messengers to take Dovid [captive; but upon arriving] they saw a group of prophets prophesying, with Shmuel standing at their head, overseeing them. Then, upon Shaul's messengers the spirit of God came and they, too, prophesied.

Shaul sent messengers to take Dovid [captive; but upon arriving] they saw a group of prophets prophesying, with Shmuel standing at their head, overseeing them. Then, upon Shaul's messengers the spirit of God came and they, too, prophesied.

Rashi

להקת. (תרגום:) סיעת:

A group of. A company.3The letters לַהֲקַת are transposed from קהלת [=a group or company]; קָהָל includes the entire group and חֶבֶל [Above 10:5] means only part of the group—Malbim.

19:21

וַיַּגִּדוּ לְשָׁאוּל וַיִּשְׁלַח מַלְאָכִים אֲחֵרִים וַיִּֽתְנַבְּאוּ גַּם־הֵמָּה {ס}        וַיֹּסֶף שָׁאוּל וַיִּשְׁלַח מַלְאָכִים שְׁלִשִׁים וַיִּֽתְנַבְּאוּ גַּם־הֵֽמָּה׃

When it was told to Shaul, he sent other messengers, but they, too, prophesied. Shaul continued and sent a third group of messengers, but they, too, prophesied.

When it was told to Shaul, he sent other messengers, but they, too, prophesied. Shaul continued and sent a third group of messengers, but they, too, prophesied.

19:22

וַיֵּלֶךְ גַּם־הוּא הָרָמָתָה וַיָּבֹא עַד־בּוֹר הַגָּדוֹל אֲשֶׁר בַּשֶּׂכוּ וַיִּשְׁאַל וַיֹּאמֶר אֵיפֹה שְׁמוּאֵל וְדָוִד וַיֹּאמֶר הִנֵּה (בנוית) [בְּנָיוֹת] בָּרָמָֽה׃

Then he too went to Romoh. He came to the great pit in Seichu, and asked, saying, "Where are Shmuel and Dovid?" Someone replied, "They are at Nayos, in Romoh."

Then he too went to Romoh. He came to the great pit in Seichu, and asked, saying, "Where are Shmuel and Dovid?" Someone replied, "They are at Nayos, in Romoh."

19:23

וַיֵּלֶךְ שָׁם אֶל־[נָיוֹת] (נוית) בָּרָמָה וַתְּהִי עָלָיו גַּם־הוּא רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים וַיֵּלֶךְ הָלוֹךְ וַיִּתְנַבֵּא עַד־בֹּאוֹ (בנוית) [בְּנָיוֹת] בָּרָמָֽה׃

He went there, to Nayos in Romoh, and the spirit of God came upon him, as well, and he kept on prophesying until he came to Nayos in Romoh.

He went there, to Nayos in Romoh, and the spirit of God came upon him, as well, and he kept on prophesying until he came to Nayos in Romoh.

19:24

וַיִּפְשַׁט גַּם־הוּא בְּגָדָיו וַיִּתְנַבֵּא גַם־הוּא לִפְנֵי שְׁמוּאֵל וַיִּפֹּל עָרֹם כׇּל־הַיּוֹם הַהוּא וְכׇל־הַלָּיְלָה עַל־כֵּן יֹֽאמְרוּ הֲגַם שָׁאוּל בַּנְּבִיאִֽם׃ {פ}

He too removed his garments and he, too, prophesied in Shmuel's presence; he fell down stripped [of his senses] all that day and the entire night. Therefore they say, "Is Shaul too among the prophets?"

He too removed his garments and he, too, prophesied in Shmuel's presence; he fell down stripped [of his senses] all that day and the entire night. Therefore they say, "Is Shaul too among the prophets?"

Rashi

ויפשט גם הוא בגדיו. בגדי מלכות, ללבוש בגדי התלמידים:

He too removed his garments. His royal garments, to put on his students' garments.

ויפול ערום. ונפל ברשן, תרגם יונתן: ונפל ערטילאי. ובשם רבי מנחם ששמע מפי ערבי אחד: 'ברשן' בלשון ערבי משוגע:

He fell down stripped. Targum Yonoson renders וּנְפַל בִּרְשַׁן 'and he fell naked.' And in the name of R. Menachem, who heard from an Arab, בִּרְשָׁן in Arabic [means] insane.

Texts

  • Hebrew: Miqra according to the Masorah · License: CC-BY-SA
  • English: The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J · License: CC-BY
  • Hebrew: On Your Way · License: PD

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