Tanach
Shmuel I 23:19-24:1 שמואל א כ״ג:י״ט-כ״ד:א׳
Part of: Chapter 23Chapter 24
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
וַיַּעֲלוּ זִפִים אֶל־שָׁאוּל הַגִּבְעָתָה לֵאמֹר הֲלוֹא דָוִד מִסְתַּתֵּר עִמָּנוּ בַמְּצָדוֹת בַּחֹרְשָׁה בְּגִבְעַת הַחֲכִילָה אֲשֶׁר מִימִין הַיְשִׁימֽוֹן׃
The Ziphites went up to Shaul, to Givah, saying, "Dovid is hiding among us in the strongholds of Chorshoh, in Givas Hachachiloh, south of Yeshimon.
The Ziphites went up to Shaul, to Givah, saying, "Dovid is hiding among us in the strongholds of Chorshoh, in Givas Hachachiloh, south of Yeshimon.
וְעַתָּה לְכׇל־אַוַּת נַפְשְׁךָ הַמֶּלֶךְ לָרֶדֶת רֵד וְלָנוּ הַסְגִּירוֹ בְּיַד הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃
So now, whenever the king desires to go down, go down, and it is ours to hand him over into the king's hand."
So now, whenever the king desires to go down, go down, and it is ours to hand him over into the king's hand."
Rashi
וַיֹּאמֶר שָׁאוּל בְּרוּכִים אַתֶּם לַֽיהֹוָה כִּי חֲמַלְתֶּם עָלָֽי׃
Shaul said, "May you be blessed by Adonoy, for taking pity upon me.
Shaul said, "May you be blessed by Adonoy, for taking pity upon me.
לְכוּ־נָא הָכִינוּ עוֹד וּדְעוּ וּרְאוּ אֶת־מְקוֹמוֹ אֲשֶׁר תִּֽהְיֶה רַגְלוֹ מִי רָאָהוּ שָׁם כִּי אָמַר אֵלַי עָרוֹם יַעְרִם הֽוּא׃
Please go and prepare further, and know and observe his location, where he will be, [and] who has seen him there, for [someone] told me that he is very cunning.
Please go and prepare further, and know and observe his location, where he will be, [and] who has seen him there, for [someone] told me that he is very cunning.
Rashi
כי אמר אלי. מי שאמר:
For [someone] told me. The one who told.5It can also be understood literally, that “he told me…” refers to Dovid. During the period that Dovid served before Shaul, he would describe to Shaul the cunning ways in which he outsmarted the Philistines.—Radak
ערום יערים הוא. מתנהג הוא בערמה, היום כאן, ולמחר במקום אחר, כדי שלא יודע מקומו:
He is very cunning. He is accustomed to behave cunningly, by being in one place today and tomorrow somewhere else, so that his place not be known.
וּרְאוּ וּדְעוּ מִכֹּל הַמַּֽחֲבֹאִים אֲשֶׁר יִתְחַבֵּא שָׁם וְשַׁבְתֶּם אֵלַי אֶל־נָכוֹן וְהָלַכְתִּי אִתְּכֶם וְהָיָה אִם־יֶשְׁנוֹ בָאָרֶץ וְחִפַּשְׂתִּי אֹתוֹ בְּכֹל אַלְפֵי יְהוּדָֽה׃
Observe and know all the hiding places where he hides, and return to me well prepared, then I will go with you. And it will be that if he is in the land, I will search for him among all the thousands of Yehudah."
Observe and know all the hiding places where he hides, and return to me well prepared, then I will go with you. And it will be that if he is in the land, I will search for him among all the thousands of Yehudah."
Rashi
אל נכון. על דבר מכוון ואמת:
Well prepared. With an accurate and true statement.
וַיָּקוּמוּ וַיֵּלְכוּ זִיפָה לִפְנֵי שָׁאוּל וְדָוִד וַאֲנָשָׁיו בְּמִדְבַּר מָעוֹן בָּעֲרָבָה אֶל יְמִין הַיְשִׁימֽוֹן׃
They rose and went to Ziph ahead of Shaul; but Dovid and his men were in the wilderness of Ma'on in the Arovoh, south of Yeshimon.
They rose and went to Ziph ahead of Shaul; but Dovid and his men were in the wilderness of Ma'on in the Arovoh, south of Yeshimon.
Rashi
לפני שאול. שהיה שאול עתיד לילך אחריהם, והם הלכו לפניו לחפש אל נכון:
Ahead of Shaul. For Shaul was destined to go after them, and they went before him, to search exactly [where Dovid was].
וַיֵּלֶךְ שָׁאוּל וַאֲנָשָׁיו לְבַקֵּשׁ וַיַּגִּדוּ לְדָוִד וַיֵּרֶד הַסֶּלַע וַיֵּשֶׁב בְּמִדְבַּר מָעוֹן וַיִּשְׁמַע שָׁאוּל וַיִּרְדֹּף אַחֲרֵֽי־דָוִד מִדְבַּר מָעֽוֹן׃
Shaul and his men went to search, but Dovid was told, so he went down towards the cliff and stayed in the wilderness of Ma'on. Shaul heard and pursued Dovid in the wilderness of Ma'on.
Shaul and his men went to search, but Dovid was told, so he went down towards the cliff and stayed in the wilderness of Ma'on. Shaul heard and pursued Dovid in the wilderness of Ma'on.
וַיֵּלֶךְ שָׁאוּל מִצַּד הָהָר מִזֶּה וְדָוִד וַאֲנָשָׁיו מִצַּד הָהָר מִזֶּה וַיְהִי דָוִד נֶחְפָּז לָלֶכֶת מִפְּנֵי שָׁאוּל וְשָׁאוּל וַאֲנָשָׁיו עֹטְרִים אֶל־דָּוִד וְאֶל־אֲנָשָׁיו לְתׇפְשָֽׂם׃
Shaul went from one side of the mountain while Dovid and his men went from the other side of the mountain; Dovid hurried to get away from Shaul, but Shaul and his men were surrounding Dovid and his men, to seize them.
Shaul went from one side of the mountain while Dovid and his men went from the other side of the mountain; Dovid hurried to get away from Shaul, but Shaul and his men were surrounding Dovid and his men, to seize them.
Rashi
עוטרים. מקיפים וסובבים מצד אל צד, כעטרה המקפת את הראש:
Were surrounding. Encircling and surrounding from side to side, like a crown which encircles the head.
וּמַלְאָךְ בָּא אֶל־שָׁאוּל לֵאמֹר מַהֲרָה וְלֵכָה כִּֽי־פָשְׁטוּ פְלִשְׁתִּים עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃
A messenger came to Shaul, saying, "Hurry and come, for the Philistines have spread out over the land!"
A messenger came to Shaul, saying, "Hurry and come, for the Philistines have spread out over the land!"
Rashi
ומלאך בא אל שאול. מלאך ממש, כדי להציל את דוד:
A messenger came. A real angel [in the guise of a messenger], in order to save Dovid.
וַיָּשׇׁב שָׁאוּל מִרְדֹף אַחֲרֵי דָוִד וַיֵּלֶךְ לִקְרַאת פְּלִשְׁתִּים עַל־כֵּן קָֽרְאוּ לַמָּקוֹם הַהוּא סֶלַע הַֽמַּחְלְקֽוֹת׃
So Shaul returned from pursuing Dovid, and he went toward the Philistines; therefore they named that place, "the Rock of Divisions."
So Shaul returned from pursuing Dovid, and he went toward the Philistines; therefore they named that place, "the Rock of Divisions."
Rashi
סלע המחלקות. שהיה לבו של שאול חלוק לשתי דעות, אם לשוב להציל את ארצו מיד פלשתים, או לרדוף ולתפוש את דוד, כן תרגמו יונתן:
The "Rock of Divisions." Shaul's heart was divided by two thoughts,6Or it may refer to the division among Shaul’s troops as to whether to pursue Dovid or to battle the Philistines.—Radak whether to return to save his country from the Philistines, or to pursue and catch Dovid; thus renders Targum Yonoson.
וַיַּעַל דָּוִד מִשָּׁם וַיֵּשֶׁב בִּמְצָדוֹת עֵֽין־גֶּֽדִי׃ {ס}
Dovid went up from there and stayed in the strongholds of Ein Gedi.
Dovid went up from there and stayed in the strongholds of Ein Gedi.
ולנו הסגירו. ועלינו להסגירו:
And it is ours to hand him over. It is our obligation to deliver him.