Tanach
Shmuel II 13:1-22 שמואל ב י״ג:א׳-כ״ב
Part of: Chapter 13
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
וַיְהִי אַחֲרֵי־כֵן וּלְאַבְשָׁלוֹם בֶּן־דָּוִד אָחוֹת יָפָה וּשְׁמָהּ תָּמָר וַיֶּאֱהָבֶהָ אַמְנוֹן בֶּן־דָּוִֽד׃
And it was after this, that Avsholom, the son of Dovid had a pretty sister, whose name was Tomor and Amnon, the son of Dovid loved her.
And it was after this, that Avsholom, the son of Dovid had a pretty sister, whose name was Tomor and Amnon, the son of Dovid loved her.
Rashi
וַיֵּצֶר לְאַמְנוֹן לְהִתְחַלּוֹת בַּֽעֲבוּר תָּמָר אֲחֹתוֹ כִּי בְתוּלָה הִיא וַיִּפָּלֵא בְּעֵינֵי אַמְנוֹן לַעֲשׂוֹת לָהּ מְאֽוּמָה׃
Amnon was anguished to [the point of] sickness because of [his love for] his sister Tomor because she was a virgin. It was hidden from the eyes of Amnon [how] to do anything to her.
Amnon was anguished to [the point of] sickness because of [his love for] his sister Tomor because she was a virgin. It was hidden from the eyes of Amnon [how] to do anything to her.
Rashi
להתחלות. עד שנחלה:
To [the point of] sickness. Until he became sick.
כי בתולה היא. צנועה בבית ואינה יוצאת לחוץ, לפיכך ויפלא בעיני אמנון וגו', נכסה ונעלם ממנו מה תואנה יכול לבקש וישכב עמה, כמו (דברים יז ח): כי יפלא ממך, ארי יתכסי ממך:
Because she was a virgin. She was modest [and stayed] in the house and did not go outside therefore, "It was hidden from the eyes of Amnon… It was covered and hidden from him. What excuse he could seek [in order] to lay with her.1According to Rashi, the words in our verse, “because she was a virgin” do not tell us why Amnon was desirous of her. The reason for his desire was because she was pretty. Rashi consequently explains that these words are telling us why she was inaccessible to Amnon and are connected to the words that follow, “it was hidden in the eyes of Amnon” to find a way to lay with her. Similar to "When it is concealed from you",2Devorim 17:8. [which] Onkelus translates: "When it is hidden from you."
וּלְאַמְנוֹן רֵעַ וּשְׁמוֹ יֽוֹנָדָב בֶּן־שִׁמְעָה אֲחִי דָוִד וְיוֹנָדָב אִישׁ חָכָם מְאֹֽד׃
Amnon had a friend, whose name was Yonodov, the son of Shimoh the brother of Dovid. Yonodov was a very smart man.
Amnon had a friend, whose name was Yonodov, the son of Shimoh the brother of Dovid. Yonodov was a very smart man.
Rashi
איש חכם. לרשעה:
Smart man. For wickedness.
וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ מַדּוּעַ אַתָּה כָּכָה דַּל בֶּן־הַמֶּלֶךְ בַּבֹּקֶר בַּבֹּקֶר הֲלוֹא תַּגִּיד לִי וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ אַמְנוֹן אֶת־תָּמָר אֲחוֹת אַבְשָׁלֹם אָחִי אֲנִי אֹהֵֽב׃
He said to him, Why are you like this, so weak every morning, son of the king? Tell me." Amnon said to him, "I love Tomor, the sister of my brother Avsholom."
He said to him, Why are you like this, so weak every morning, son of the king? Tell me." Amnon said to him, "I love Tomor, the sister of my brother Avsholom."
Rashi
דל. כחוש, כמו (בראשית מא יט): דלות ורעות תואר:
Weak. Weak as [we find] "weak and bad [in] appearance".3Bereishis 41:19.
וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ יְהוֹנָדָב שְׁכַב עַל־מִשְׁכָּבְךָ וְהִתְחָל וּבָא אָבִיךָ לִרְאוֹתֶךָ וְאָמַרְתָּ אֵלָיו תָּבֹא נָא תָמָר אֲחוֹתִי וְתַבְרֵנִי לֶחֶם וְעָשְׂתָה לְעֵינַי אֶת־הַבִּרְיָה לְמַעַן אֲשֶׁר אֶרְאֶה וְאָכַלְתִּי מִיָּדָֽהּ׃
Yehonodov said to him, "Lie on your bed and [pretend to] be sick. Your father will come to see you, and [then] tell him, 'Please have my sister Tomor come and feed me a meal. She should make the meal [before] my eyes in order that I should see [it] and I will eat from her hand.' "
Yehonodov said to him, "Lie on your bed and [pretend to] be sick. Your father will come to see you, and [then] tell him, 'Please have my sister Tomor come and feed me a meal. She should make the meal [before] my eyes in order that I should see [it] and I will eat from her hand.' "
Rashi
את הבריה. את הסעודה:
The meal. The meal.
וַיִּשְׁכַּב אַמְנוֹן וַיִּתְחָל וַיָּבֹא הַמֶּלֶךְ לִרְאוֹתוֹ וַיֹּאמֶר אַמְנוֹן אֶל־הַמֶּלֶךְ תָּבוֹא־נָא תָּמָר אֲחֹתִי וּתְלַבֵּב לְעֵינַי שְׁתֵּי לְבִבוֹת וְאֶבְרֶה מִיָּדָֽהּ׃
Amnon lied down and [pretended] he was sick. The king came to see him. and Amnon said to the king, "Please have my sister Tomor come and make two dumplings [before] my eyes and I will eat from her hand."
Amnon lied down and [pretended] he was sick. The king came to see him. and Amnon said to the king, "Please have my sister Tomor come and make two dumplings [before] my eyes and I will eat from her hand."
וַיִּשְׁלַח דָּוִד אֶל־תָּמָר הַבַּיְתָה לֵאמֹר לְכִי נָא בֵּית אַמְנוֹן אָחִיךְ וַעֲשִׂי־לוֹ הַבִּרְיָֽה׃
Dovid sent for Tomor in the house saying, "Go to the house of your brother Amnon and make him a meal.
Dovid sent for Tomor in the house saying, "Go to the house of your brother Amnon and make him a meal.
וַתֵּלֶךְ תָּמָר בֵּית אַמְנוֹן אָחִיהָ וְהוּא שֹׁכֵב וַתִּקַּח אֶת־הַבָּצֵק (ותלוש) [וַתָּלׇשׁ] וַתְּלַבֵּב לְעֵינָיו וַתְּבַשֵּׁל אֶת־הַלְּבִבֽוֹת׃
Tomor went to the house of her brother Amnon and he was lying down. She took dough and kneaded it, she made a paste [before] his eyes and she cooked the dumplings.
Tomor went to the house of her brother Amnon and he was lying down. She took dough and kneaded it, she made a paste [before] his eyes and she cooked the dumplings.
Rashi
ותלבב. ותחלוט, סולת מורבכת במים רותחין תחלה, ואחר כך בשמן:
She made a paste. She made a paste of flour mixed [it] first into boiling water and afterwords in oil.
וַתִּקַּח אֶת־הַמַּשְׂרֵת וַתִּצֹק לְפָנָיו וַיְמָאֵן לֶאֱכוֹל וַיֹּאמֶר אַמְנוֹן הוֹצִיאוּ כׇל־אִישׁ מֵעָלַי וַיֵּצְאוּ כׇל־אִישׁ מֵעָלָֽיו׃
She took the pan and poured them out before him, but he refused to eat. Amnon said, "All men should leave me." And all the men left him.
She took the pan and poured them out before him, but he refused to eat. Amnon said, "All men should leave me." And all the men left him.
Rashi
את המשרת. תרגום של מחבת, מסריתא:
The pan. The [Onkelus'] translation of Machues is "pan".4Vayikro 6:14.
וַיֹּאמֶר אַמְנוֹן אֶל־תָּמָר הָבִיאִי הַבִּרְיָה הַחֶדֶר וְאֶבְרֶה מִיָּדֵךְ וַתִּקַּח תָּמָר אֶת־הַלְּבִבוֹת אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂתָה וַתָּבֵא לְאַמְנוֹן אָחִיהָ הֶחָֽדְרָה׃
Amnon said to Tomor, "Bring me the food into the room and I will eat from your hand." Tomor took the dumplings that she made and brought them into the room to her brother Amnon.
Amnon said to Tomor, "Bring me the food into the room and I will eat from your hand." Tomor took the dumplings that she made and brought them into the room to her brother Amnon.
וַתַּגֵּשׁ אֵלָיו לֶאֱכֹל וַיַּֽחֲזֶק־בָּהּ וַיֹּאמֶר לָהּ בּוֹאִי שִׁכְבִי עִמִּי אֲחוֹתִֽי׃
She brought them near to him to eat, and he grabbed her and said to her, "Come lie with me my sister."
She brought them near to him to eat, and he grabbed her and said to her, "Come lie with me my sister."
וַתֹּאמֶר לוֹ אַל־אָחִי אַל־תְּעַנֵּנִי כִּי לֹא־יֵעָשֶׂה כֵן בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל אַֽל־תַּעֲשֵׂה אֶת־הַנְּבָלָה הַזֹּֽאת׃
She said to him, "No, my brother, do not rape me because this is not done in Yisroel. Do not commit this disgrace.
She said to him, "No, my brother, do not rape me because this is not done in Yisroel. Do not commit this disgrace.
וַאֲנִי אָנָה אוֹלִיךְ אֶת־חֶרְפָּתִי וְאַתָּה תִּֽהְיֶה כְּאַחַד הַנְּבָלִים בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וְעַתָּה דַּבֶּר־נָא אֶל־הַמֶּלֶךְ כִּי לֹא יִמְנָעֵנִי מִמֶּֽךָּ׃
And me, where will I take my shame? You will be as one of the lowlives in Yisroel. Now, please speak to the king because he will not keep me from you.
And me, where will I take my shame? You will be as one of the lowlives in Yisroel. Now, please speak to the king because he will not keep me from you.
Rashi
כי לא ימנעני ממך. שמותרת אני לך, לפי שנתעברה בי אמי כשהיא נכרית יפת תואר, שלקחה דוד במלחמה, ומי שיש לו בן או בת מן שפחה, אינו בנו לכל דבר:
Because he will not keep me from you. I am permitted to you because my mother became pregnant with me when she was still a gentile, pretty woman5The laws concerning the taking of gentile woman during war is discused in Devorim begginning in 21:10. The Torah calls her a יְפַת תּוֹאַר, “pretty woman.” that Dovid took conjugally in war. And someone who has a son or daughter from a gentile handmaid is not considered his child for any legal matter.
וְלֹא אָבָה לִשְׁמֹעַ בְּקוֹלָהּ וַיֶּחֱזַק מִמֶּנָּה וַיְעַנֶּהָ וַיִּשְׁכַּב אֹתָֽהּ׃
He did not want to listen to her voice and he overpowered her, raped her and laid with her.
He did not want to listen to her voice and he overpowered her, raped her and laid with her.
וַיִּשְׂנָאֶהָ אַמְנוֹן שִׂנְאָה גְּדוֹלָה מְאֹד כִּי גְדוֹלָה הַשִּׂנְאָה אֲשֶׁר שְׂנֵאָהּ מֵאַהֲבָה אֲשֶׁר אֲהֵבָהּ וַיֹּֽאמֶר־לָהּ אַמְנוֹן קוּמִי לֵֽכִי׃
Amnon hated her with very great hatred for greater was the hatred that he hated her then the love with which he had loved her, and Amnon told her, "Get up, go."
Amnon hated her with very great hatred for greater was the hatred that he hated her then the love with which he had loved her, and Amnon told her, "Get up, go."
Rashi
וישנאה אמנון. אמרו רבותינו (סנהדרין כא א): נימא נקשרה לו, ועשאתו כרות שפכה:
Amnon hated her. Our Rabbis say she tied a hair for him [in his genital area] and caused him to have a severed organ.6One who is so injured is prohibited from marrying a Jewish woman as related in Devorim 23:2. This interpretation of our verse is in Sanhedrin 21a.
וַתֹּאמֶר לוֹ אַל־אוֹדֹת הָרָעָה הַגְּדוֹלָה הַזֹּאת מֵאַחֶרֶת אֲשֶׁר־עָשִׂיתָ עִמִּי לְשַׁלְּחֵנִי וְלֹא אָבָה לִשְׁמֹעַֽ לָֽהּ׃
She said to him, "Do not do this thing, this is a greater evil then the other [first] one that you have done to me to send me away." He did not want to listen to her.
She said to him, "Do not do this thing, this is a greater evil then the other [first] one that you have done to me to send me away." He did not want to listen to her.
Rashi
אל אודות. אל תעשה אודות הרעה הזאת של שילוח, הגדולה מן האחרת שעשית עמי ועניתני, ועוד תוסיף רעה ממנה לשלחני:
Do not do this thing. Do not do this evil thing of sending [me] away which is worse then the other [evil thing] that you did to me. You raped me and then you added on more evil than that by sending me away.
וַיִּקְרָא אֶֽת־נַעֲרוֹ מְשָׁרְתוֹ וַיֹּאמֶר שִׁלְחוּ־נָא אֶת־זֹאת מֵעָלַי הַחוּצָה וּנְעֹל הַדֶּלֶת אַחֲרֶֽיהָ׃
He called his boy that was attending to him and he said, "Please send this [women] from before me outside and close the door after her."
He called his boy that was attending to him and he said, "Please send this [women] from before me outside and close the door after her."
וְעָלֶיהָ כְּתֹנֶת פַּסִּים כִּי כֵן תִּלְבַּשְׁןָ בְנוֹת־הַמֶּלֶךְ הַבְּתוּלֹת מְעִילִים וַיֹּצֵא אוֹתָהּ מְשָֽׁרְתוֹ הַחוּץ וְנָעַל הַדֶּלֶת אַחֲרֶֽיהָ׃
And upon her was her multicolored robe because the virgin daughters of the king wore [such] robes. His servant brought her outside and closed the door after her.
And upon her was her multicolored robe because the virgin daughters of the king wore [such] robes. His servant brought her outside and closed the door after her.
וַתִּקַּח תָּמָר אֵפֶר עַל־רֹאשָׁהּ וּכְתֹנֶת הַפַּסִּים אֲשֶׁר עָלֶיהָ קָרָעָה וַתָּשֶׂם יָדָהּ עַל־רֹאשָׁהּ וַתֵּלֶךְ הָלוֹךְ וְזָעָֽקָה׃
Tomor put dirt on her head and tore the multicolored robe that was on her. She put her hand on her head and she went forth crying [as she went].
Tomor put dirt on her head and tore the multicolored robe that was on her. She put her hand on her head and she went forth crying [as she went].
וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלֶיהָ אַבְשָׁלוֹם אָחִיהָ הַאֲמִינוֹן אָחִיךְ הָיָה עִמָּךְ וְעַתָּה אֲחוֹתִי הַחֲרִישִׁי אָחִיךְ הוּא אַל־תָּשִׁיתִי אֶת־לִבֵּךְ לַדָּבָר הַזֶּה וַתֵּשֶׁב תָּמָר וְשֹׁמֵמָה בֵּית אַבְשָׁלוֹם אָחִֽיהָ׃
Her brother said to her, "Was your brother Haiminon [Amnon] with you? And now [that its done] my sister keep quiet, he is your brother. Do not put your heart to this matter." Tomor returned desolate to the house of her brother Avsholom.
Her brother said to her, "Was your brother Haiminon [Amnon] with you? And now [that its done] my sister keep quiet, he is your brother. Do not put your heart to this matter." Tomor returned desolate to the house of her brother Avsholom.
וְהַמֶּלֶךְ דָּוִד שָׁמַע אֵת כׇּל־הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה וַיִּחַר לוֹ מְאֹֽד׃
King Dovid heard all these things and became very angry.
King Dovid heard all these things and became very angry.
וְלֹא־דִבֶּר אַבְשָׁלוֹם עִם־אַמְנוֹן לְמֵרָע וְעַד־טוֹב כִּֽי־שָׂנֵא אַבְשָׁלוֹם אֶת־אַמְנוֹן עַל־דְּבַר אֲשֶׁר עִנָּה אֵת תָּמָר אֲחֹתֽוֹ׃ {פ}
Avsholom did not speak with Amnon neither bad or good because Avsholom hated Amnon because he had raped his sister, Tomor.
Avsholom did not speak with Amnon neither bad or good because Avsholom hated Amnon because he had raped his sister, Tomor.
ולאבשלום אחות יפה. שהיתה בת אמו:
Avsholom had a pretty sister. That was the daughter of his mother.