Vayikra
Shmini, Aliyah 1 שמיני, ראשון
Part of: ShminiShmini, Aliyah 1Chapter 9Setumah, Leviticus 9:1
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Vayikra 9
וַֽיְהִי בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁמִינִי קָרָא מֹשֶׁה לְאַהֲרֹן וּלְבָנָיו וּלְזִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
And it was on the eight day [that] Moshe called to Aharon and to his sons and to the elders of Israel.
And it was on the eight day [that] Moshe called to Aharon and to his sons and to the elders of Israel.
Rashi
ולזקני ישראל. לְהַשְׁמִיעָם שֶׁעַל פִּי הַדִּבּוּר אַהֲרֹן נִכְנָס וּמְשַׁמֵּשׁ בִּכְהֻנָּה גְדוֹלָה וְלֹא יֹאמְרוּ מֵאֵלָיו נִכְנָס (תנחומא):
ולזקני ישראל AND TO THE ELDERS OF ISRAEL, to inform them that it was by the express command of God that Aaron was entering the Sanctuary and ministering in the high-priesthood, so that they might not say: “He is entering on his own authority, unbidden.”
וַיֹּאמֶר אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹן קַח־לְךָ עֵגֶל בֶּן־בָּקָר לְחַטָּאת וְאַיִל לְעֹלָה תְּמִימִם וְהַקְרֵב לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָֽה׃
He said to Aharon, Take, for yourself, a young calf, for a sin-offering and a ram—for a burnt-offering—unblemished ones, and bring them before Adonoy.
He said to Aharon, Take, for yourself, a young calf, for a sin-offering and a ram—for a burnt-offering—unblemished ones, and bring them before Adonoy.
Rashi
קח לך עגל. לְהוֹדִיעַ שֶׁכִּפֵּר לוֹ הַקָּבָּ"ה עַל יְדֵי עֵגֶל זֶה עַל מַעֲשֵׂה הָעֵגֶל שֶׁעָשָֹה (שם):
קח לך עגל TAKE THEE A CALF — This animal was selected as a sin offering to announce to him that the Holy One, blessed be He, granted him atonement by means of this calf for the incident of the golden calf which he had made (Midrash Tanchuma, Shmini 4)
וְאֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל תְּדַבֵּר לֵאמֹר קְחוּ שְׂעִיר־עִזִּים לְחַטָּאת וְעֵגֶל וָכֶבֶשׂ בְּנֵי־שָׁנָה תְּמִימִם לְעֹלָֽה׃
To Bnei Yisroel you shall speak, saying, take a he-goat, for a sin-offering and a calf and a lamb, both one year old—unblemished—for a burnt-offering,
To Bnei Yisroel you shall speak, saying, take a he-goat, for a sin-offering and a calf and a lamb, both one year old—unblemished—for a burnt-offering,
וְשׁוֹר וָאַיִל לִשְׁלָמִים לִזְבֹּחַ לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה וּמִנְחָה בְּלוּלָה בַשָּׁמֶן כִּי הַיּוֹם יְהֹוָה נִרְאָה אֲלֵיכֶֽם׃
an ox and a ram for a peace-offering, to sacrifice before Adonoy and a meal-offering mixed with oil, for today, Adonoy will appear to you.
an ox and a ram for a peace-offering, to sacrifice before Adonoy and a meal-offering mixed with oil, for today, Adonoy will appear to you.
Rashi
כי היום ה' נראה אליכם. לְהַשְׁרוֹת שְׁכִינָתוֹ בְמַעֲשֵׂה יְדֵיכֶם, לְכָךְ קָרְבָּנוֹת הַלָּלוּ בָּאִין חוֹבָה לְיוֹם זֶה:
כי היום ה' נראה אליכם FOR TODAY THE LORD WILL APPEAR UNTO YOU to make His Shechinah rest upon your handiwork; on this account these sacrifices come (are to be brought) as an obligation for this day (cf. Sifra, Shemini, Mechilta d'Miluim 2 4).
וַיִּקְחוּ אֵת אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה מֹשֶׁה אֶל־פְּנֵי אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד וַֽיִּקְרְבוּ כׇּל־הָעֵדָה וַיַּֽעַמְדוּ לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָֽה׃
They took that which Moshe commanded, before the Tent of Meeting; and the entire congregation approached and they stood before Adonoy.
They took that which Moshe commanded, before the Tent of Meeting; and the entire congregation approached and they stood before Adonoy.
וַיֹּאמֶר מֹשֶׁה זֶה הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּה יְהֹוָה תַּעֲשׂוּ וְיֵרָא אֲלֵיכֶם כְּבוֹד יְהֹוָֽה׃
Moshe said: This is what Adonoy commanded you to do: and the glory of Adonoy will appear to you.
Moshe said: This is what Adonoy commanded you to do: and the glory of Adonoy will appear to you.
וַיֹּאמֶר מֹשֶׁה אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹן קְרַב אֶל־הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וַעֲשֵׂה אֶת־חַטָּֽאתְךָ וְאֶת־עֹלָתֶךָ וְכַפֵּר בַּֽעַדְךָ וּבְעַד הָעָם וַעֲשֵׂה אֶת־קׇרְבַּן הָעָם וְכַפֵּר בַּֽעֲדָם כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהֹוָֽה׃
Moshe said to Aharon: Approach the altar and perform [the services of] your sin-offering and your burnt-offering and atone on your [own] behalf and on behalf of the people; and perform [the service of] the peoples offering and atone on their behalf, just as Adonoy commanded.
Moshe said to Aharon: Approach the altar and perform [the services of] your sin-offering and your burnt-offering and atone on your [own] behalf and on behalf of the people; and perform [the service of] the peoples offering and atone on their behalf, just as Adonoy commanded.
Rashi
קרב אל המזבח. שֶׁהָיָה אַהֲרֹן בּוֹשׁ וְיָרֵא לָגֶשֶׁת, אָמַר לוֹ מֹשֶׁה, לָמָּה אַתָּה בוֹשׁ? לְכָךְ נִבְחַרְתָּ (ספרא):
קרב אל המזבח [AND MOSES SAID TO AARON] GO TO THE ALTAR, for Aaron was diffident and feared to go there. Moses therefore said to him “Wherefore art thou diffident? For this purpose hast thou been selected!” (cf. Sifra, Shemini, Mechilta d'Miluim 2 8).
את חטאתך. עֵגֶל בֶּן בָּקָר:
את חטאתך THY SIN OFFERING — the young calf (v. 2).
ואת עלתך. הָאָיִל:
ואת עלתך AND THY BURNT OFFERING — the ram (v. 2).
קרבן העם. שְׂעִיר עִזִּים וְעֵגֶל וְכֶבֶשׂ; כָּל מָקוֹם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר "עֵגֶל" בֶּן שָׁנָה הוּא וּמִכָּאן אַתָּה לָמֵד (שם):
קרבן העם THE OFFERING OF THE PEOPLE — the kid of the goats and the calf and the lamb (v. 3). Wherever the term עגל, “calf” is mentioned without further definition it denotes one in its first year, and it is from this passage that you may derive this rule (cf. Sifra on 4:2; Rosh Hashanah 10a).
וַיִּקְרַב אַהֲרֹן אֶל־הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וַיִּשְׁחַט אֶת־עֵגֶל הַחַטָּאת אֲשֶׁר־לֽוֹ׃
Aharon approached the altar and slaughtered the calf that he had for a sin-offering.
Aharon approached the altar and slaughtered the calf that he had for a sin-offering.
וַיַּקְרִבוּ בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן אֶת־הַדָּם אֵלָיו וַיִּטְבֹּל אֶצְבָּעוֹ בַּדָּם וַיִּתֵּן עַל־קַרְנוֹת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וְאֶת־הַדָּם יָצַק אֶל־יְסוֹד הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ׃
Aharons sons brought the blood to him and he dipped his finger into the blood and put it atop the corners of the altar and he poured the [remaining] blood into the base of the altar.
Aharons sons brought the blood to him and he dipped his finger into the blood and put it atop the corners of the altar and he poured the [remaining] blood into the base of the altar.
וְאֶת־הַחֵלֶב וְאֶת־הַכְּלָיֹת וְאֶת־הַיֹּתֶרֶת מִן־הַכָּבֵד מִן־הַחַטָּאת הִקְטִיר הַמִּזְבֵּחָה כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהֹוָה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה׃
The fat, kidneys and the lobe of the liver from the sin-offering, he burned on the altar, just as Adonoy commanded Moshe.
The fat, kidneys and the lobe of the liver from the sin-offering, he burned on the altar, just as Adonoy commanded Moshe.
וְאֶת־הַבָּשָׂר וְאֶת־הָעוֹר שָׂרַף בָּאֵשׁ מִחוּץ לַֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃
The flesh and the skin, he burned in a fire beyond the encampment.
The flesh and the skin, he burned in a fire beyond the encampment.
Rashi
ואת הבשר ואת העור וגו'. לֹא מָצִינוּ חַטָּאת חִיצוֹנָה נִשְֹרֶפֶת אֶלָּא זוֹ וְשֶׁל מִלּוּאִים, וְכֻלָּן עַל פִּי הַדִּבּוּר:
'ואת הבשר ואת העור וגו AND THE FLESH AND THE HIDE [HE BURNT .. OUTSIDE THE CAMP] — We do not find that any “external” sin-offering (one the blood of which was sprinkled on the outer altar) was burnt except this and that of the installation ceremony — and all these, only at the express command of God (cf. Rashi on Exodus 29:14).
וַיִּשְׁחַט אֶת־הָעֹלָה וַיַּמְצִאוּ בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן אֵלָיו אֶת־הַדָּם וַיִּזְרְקֵהוּ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּחַ סָבִֽיב׃
He slaughtered the burnt-offering; and Aharons sons presented the blood to him, and he sprinkled it all around the altar.
He slaughtered the burnt-offering; and Aharons sons presented the blood to him, and he sprinkled it all around the altar.
Rashi
וימצאו. לְשׁוֹן הוֹשָׁטָה וְהַזְמָנָה:
וימציאו — This signifies handing over and presenting.
וְאֶת־הָעֹלָה הִמְצִיאוּ אֵלָיו לִנְתָחֶיהָ וְאֶת־הָרֹאשׁ וַיַּקְטֵר עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ׃
They presented the burnt-offering to him with its limbs severed and [with] the head, and he burned them on the altar.
They presented the burnt-offering to him with its limbs severed and [with] the head, and he burned them on the altar.
וַיִּרְחַץ אֶת־הַקֶּרֶב וְאֶת־הַכְּרָעָיִם וַיַּקְטֵר עַל־הָעֹלָה הַמִּזְבֵּֽחָה׃
He washed the innards and the feet and burned them on the burnt-offering, on the altar.
He washed the innards and the feet and burned them on the burnt-offering, on the altar.
וַיַּקְרֵב אֵת קׇרְבַּן הָעָם וַיִּקַּח אֶת־שְׂעִיר הַֽחַטָּאת אֲשֶׁר לָעָם וַיִּשְׁחָטֵהוּ וַֽיְחַטְּאֵהוּ כָּרִאשֽׁוֹן׃
He brought the peoples offering; he took the peoples sin-offering-goat, and he slaughtered it and offered it as a sin-offering, in the same manner as the first one.
He brought the peoples offering; he took the peoples sin-offering-goat, and he slaughtered it and offered it as a sin-offering, in the same manner as the first one.
Rashi
ויחטאהו. עָשָׂהוּ כְּמִשְׁפַּט חַטָּאת:
ויחטאהו means: he treated it according to the regulation regarding the חטאת, “sin-offering”.
כראשון. כָּעֵגֶל שֶׁלּוֹ:
כראשון AS THE FIRST — as his own calf (as is described in v. 8).
וַיַּקְרֵב אֶת־הָעֹלָה וַֽיַּעֲשֶׂהָ כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃
He brought the burnt-offering and he did it according to the rule.
He brought the burnt-offering and he did it according to the rule.
Rashi
ויעשה כמשפט. הַמְפֹרָשׁ בְּעוֹלַת נְדָבָה בְּוַיִּקְרָא:
ויעשה כמשפט AND HE DID IT ACCORDING TO THE MANNER that is set forth in the section ויקרא (ch. 1) in respect to the burnt offering brought as a free-will gift (Beitzah 20a).
ויהי ביום השמיני. לַמִּלּוּאִים; הוּא רֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ נִיסָן שֶׁהוּקַם הַמִּשְׁכָּן בּוֹ בַיּוֹם וְנָטַל עֶשֶׂר עֲטָרוֹת הַשְּׁנוּיוֹת בְּסֵדֶר עוֹלָם:
ויהי ביום השמיני AND IT CAME TO PASS ON THE EIGHTH DAY of the installation of the priests into their sacred office (cf. Sifra); this was the New Moon of Nisan on which the Tabernacle was finally erected (cf. Rashi on Exodus 40:29) and it (that day) received ten crowns (it was distinguished in ten different ways) which are enumerated in Seder Olam 7 (Sifra, Shemini, Mechilta d'Miluim 2 1; Shabbat 87b).