Vayikra
Tzav, Aliyah 4 צו, רביעי
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Vayikra 8
וַיְדַבֵּר יְהֹוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה לֵּאמֹֽר׃
And Adonoy spoke to Moshe, to say:
And Adonoy spoke to Moshe, to say:
קַח אֶֽת־אַהֲרֹן וְאֶת־בָּנָיו אִתּוֹ וְאֵת הַבְּגָדִים וְאֵת שֶׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה וְאֵת ׀ פַּר הַֽחַטָּאת וְאֵת שְׁנֵי הָֽאֵילִים וְאֵת סַל הַמַּצּֽוֹת׃
Take Aharon, along with his sons, the garments, the anointing oil, the bull for the sin-offering, the two rams and a basket of matzos.
Take Aharon, along with his sons, the garments, the anointing oil, the bull for the sin-offering, the two rams and a basket of matzos.
Rashi
קח את אהרן. קָחֶנּוּ בִדְבָרִים וּמָשְׁכֵהוּ:
קח את אהרן means win him over with fine words and draw him on (cf. Rashi on Exodus 14:6) (Sifra, Tzav, Mechilta d'Miluim 1 2)).
ואת פר החטאת וגו'. אֵלּוּ הָאֲמוּרִים בְּעִנְיַן צַוָּאַת הַמִּלּוּאִים בִּוְאַתָּה תְּצַוֶּה, וְעַכְשָׁיו בְּיוֹם רִאשׁוֹן לַמִּלּוּאִים חָזַר וְזֵרְזוֹ בִשְׁעַת מַעֲשֶֹה:
ואת פר החטאת וגו' AND THE BULLOCK FOR THE SIN OFFERING [AND THE TWO RAMS] etc. — These are the sacrifices mentioned in the section containing the command about the installation ceremony — in the Scriptural Reading beginning with the words, ואתה תצוה (see Exodus 29) and now, on the first day of the installation ceremony He again admonished him (Moses) regarding this when the time for performing the command arrived.
וְאֵת כׇּל־הָעֵדָה הַקְהֵל אֶל־פֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵֽד׃
Assemble the entire congrega-tion at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting.
Assemble the entire congrega-tion at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting.
Rashi
הקהל אל פתח אהל מועד. זֶה אֶחָד מִן הַמְּקוֹמוֹת שֶׁהֶחֱזִיק מֻעָט אֶת הַמְרֻבֶּה (ויקרא רבה י'):
הקהל אל פתח אהל מועד AND ASSEMBLE THOU [THE WHOLE CONGREGATION), UNTO THE ENTRANCE OF THE TENT OF MEETING — This is one of the instances where the lesser comprised the greater (the small area accommodated the whole congregation) (Leviticus Rabbah 10 9).
וַיַּעַשׂ מֹשֶׁה כַּֽאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהֹוָה אֹתוֹ וַתִּקָּהֵל הָֽעֵדָה אֶל־פֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵֽד׃
Moshe did that which Adonoy commanded him and the congregation was assembled at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting.
Moshe did that which Adonoy commanded him and the congregation was assembled at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting.
וַיֹּאמֶר מֹשֶׁה אֶל־הָעֵדָה זֶה הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּה יְהֹוָה לַעֲשֽׂוֹת׃
Moshe said to the congregation, This is the edict that Adonoy commanded to do.
Moshe said to the congregation, This is the edict that Adonoy commanded to do.
Rashi
זה הדבר. דְּבָרִים שֶׁתִּרְאוּ שֶׁאֲנִי עוֹשֶׂה לִפְנֵיכֶם, צִוַּנִי הַקָּבָּ"ה לַעֲשׂוֹת, וְאַל תֹּאמְרוּ לִכְבוֹדִי וְלִכְבוֹד אָחִי אֲנִי עוֹשֶֹׁה; כָּל הָעִנְיָן הַזֶּה פֵּרַשְׁתִּי בְּ"וְאַתָּה תְּצַוֶּה":
זה הדבר THIS IS THE THING [WHICH THE LORD COMMANDED ME TO DO] — The things you will see me doing in your presence has the Holy One, blessed be He, bidden me do, and do not think I am doing them for my own glory and for my brother’s glory. — The whole of this matter treated in the present chapter I have already explained in the Scriptural Reading beginning with the words, ואתה תצוה (Exodus ch. XXIX.).
וַיַּקְרֵב מֹשֶׁה אֶֽת־אַהֲרֹן וְאֶת־בָּנָיו וַיִּרְחַץ אֹתָם בַּמָּֽיִם׃
Moshe brought Aharon and his sons near and bathed them in water.
Moshe brought Aharon and his sons near and bathed them in water.
וַיִּתֵּן עָלָיו אֶת־הַכֻּתֹּנֶת וַיַּחְגֹּר אֹתוֹ בָּֽאַבְנֵט וַיַּלְבֵּשׁ אֹתוֹ אֶֽת־הַמְּעִיל וַיִּתֵּן עָלָיו אֶת־הָאֵפֹד וַיַּחְגֹּר אֹתוֹ בְּחֵשֶׁב הָֽאֵפֹד וַיֶּאְפֹּד לוֹ בּֽוֹ׃
He placed the tunic on him, girded him with the sash, dressed him in the robe, placed the ephod on him girded him with the ephod-sash and tightened it for him.
He placed the tunic on him, girded him with the sash, dressed him in the robe, placed the ephod on him girded him with the ephod-sash and tightened it for him.
וַיָּשֶׂם עָלָיו אֶת־הַחֹשֶׁן וַיִּתֵּן אֶל־הַחֹשֶׁן אֶת־הָאוּרִים וְאֶת־הַתֻּמִּֽים׃
He put the breastplate on him and he placed in the breastplate the urim and the tumim.
He put the breastplate on him and he placed in the breastplate the urim and the tumim.
Rashi
את האורים. כְּתָב שֶׁל שֵׁם הַמְפֹרָשׁ:
את האורים THE URIM — an inscription bearing the Proper Name of the Lord (cf. Rashi on Exodus XXV 3:30).
וַיָּשֶׂם אֶת־הַמִּצְנֶפֶת עַל־רֹאשׁוֹ וַיָּשֶׂם עַֽל־הַמִּצְנֶפֶת אֶל־מוּל פָּנָיו אֵת צִיץ הַזָּהָב נֵזֶר הַקֹּדֶשׁ כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהֹוָה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה׃
He placed the turban on his head and he placed, on the front of the turban, the golden plate, the crown of holiness, just as Adonoy commanded Moshe.
He placed the turban on his head and he placed, on the front of the turban, the golden plate, the crown of holiness, just as Adonoy commanded Moshe.
Rashi
וישם על המצנפת. פְּתִילֵי תְכֵלֶת הַקְּבוּעִים בַּצִּיץ נָתַן עַל הַמִּצְנֶפֶת, נִמְצָא הַצִּיץ תָּלוּי בַּמִּצְנֶפֶת:
וישם על המצנפת UPON THE MITRE … DID HE PUT [THE GOLDEN PLATE] — Threads of blue purple that were: fastened on the Plate he put over the mitre, consequently the Plate hung from the mitre mid would be “against his face” (upon his forehead) as stated here (cf. Rashi on Exodus 28:37).
וַיִּקַּח מֹשֶׁה אֶת־שֶׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה וַיִּמְשַׁח אֶת־הַמִּשְׁכָּן וְאֶת־כׇּל־אֲשֶׁר־בּוֹ וַיְקַדֵּשׁ אֹתָֽם׃
Moshe took the anointing-oil and anointed the Tabernacle and everything inside it and sanctified them.
Moshe took the anointing-oil and anointed the Tabernacle and everything inside it and sanctified them.
וַיַּז מִמֶּנּוּ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּחַ שֶׁבַע פְּעָמִים וַיִּמְשַׁח אֶת־הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וְאֶת־כׇּל־כֵּלָיו וְאֶת־הַכִּיֹּר וְאֶת־כַּנּוֹ לְקַדְּשָֽׁם׃
He sprinkled some of it on the altar seven times; he anointed the altar and all its utensils, the washing basin and its base, to sanctify them.
He sprinkled some of it on the altar seven times; he anointed the altar and all its utensils, the washing basin and its base, to sanctify them.
Rashi
ויז ממנו על המזבח. לֹא יָדַעְתִּי הֵיכָן נִצְטַוָּה בַּהַזָּאוֹת הַלָּלוּ:
ויז ממנו על המזבח AND HE SPRINKLED THEREOF UPON THE ALTAR — I do not know where he was given any command about these sprinklings (cf., however Nachmanides).
וַיִּצֹק מִשֶּׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה עַל רֹאשׁ אַהֲרֹן וַיִּמְשַׁח אֹתוֹ לְקַדְּשֽׁוֹ׃
He poured some of the anointing-oil on Aharons head and anointed him, to sanctify him.
He poured some of the anointing-oil on Aharons head and anointed him, to sanctify him.
Rashi
ויצק, וימשח. בַּתְּחִלָּה יוֹצֵק עַל רֹאשׁוֹ וְאַחַר כָּךְ נוֹתֵן בֵּין רִיסֵי עֵינָיו וּמוֹשֵׁךְ בְּאֶצְבָּעוֹ מִזֶּה לָזֶה (הוריות י"ב):
וימשח … ויצק AND HE POURED [THE ANOINTING OIL UPON AARON'S HEAD] AND ANOINTED |HIM| — First he poured some oil upon his head and afterwards he put a drop between his eyebrows, and he drew the oil with his finger from this place to that (this drawing the oil from one place to the other was the anointing here spoken of) (Keritot 5b; Horayot 12a; cf. also Rashi on Exodus 29:7).
וַיַּקְרֵב מֹשֶׁה אֶת־בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן וַיַּלְבִּשֵׁם כֻּתֳּנֹת וַיַּחְגֹּר אֹתָם אַבְנֵט וַיַּחֲבֹשׁ לָהֶם מִגְבָּעוֹת כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהֹוָה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה׃
Moshe brought near the sons of Aharon and dressed them in tunics, girded them with sashes, and tied high turbans for them [to wear], just as Adonoy commanded Moshe.
Moshe brought near the sons of Aharon and dressed them in tunics, girded them with sashes, and tied high turbans for them [to wear], just as Adonoy commanded Moshe.
Rashi
ויחבש. לְשׁוֹן קְשִׁירָה:
ויחבש — This is a term meaning binding.
קח את אהרן. פָּרָשָׁה זוֹ נֶאֶמְרָה שִׁבְעַת יָמִים קֹדֶם הֲקָמַת הַמִּשְׁכָּן, שֶׁאֵין מֻקְדָּם וּמְאֻחָר בַּתּוֹרָה:
קח את אהרן TAKE AARON — This section was spoken seven days before the final erection of the Tabernacle and so should have been placed before Exodus XL., but a transposition of this kind is quite customary in the Bible, because there is no “earlier” or “later” (no chronological order) in the Torah.