Bamidbar
Matot, Aliyah 6 מטות, שישי
Part of: MatotMatot, Aliyah 6Chapter 32Petuchah, Numbers 32:1Setumah, Numbers 32:5Setumah, Numbers 32:16
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Bamidbar 32
וּמִקְנֶה ׀ רַב הָיָה לִבְנֵי רְאוּבֵן וְלִבְנֵי־גָד עָצוּם מְאֹד וַיִּרְאוּ אֶת־אֶרֶץ יַעְזֵר וְאֶת־אֶרֶץ גִּלְעָד וְהִנֵּה הַמָּקוֹם מְקוֹם מִקְנֶֽה׃
Very large herds belonged to the children (tribes) of Reuvein and Gad—[an] extremely large [number]; and they saw the land of Ya’zeir and the land of Gilad, and behold, the region was an area for livestock.
Very large herds belonged to the children (tribes) of Reuvein and Gad—[an] extremely large [number]; and they saw the land of Ya’zeir and the land of Gilad, and behold, the region was an area for livestock.
וַיָּבֹאוּ בְנֵֽי־גָד וּבְנֵי רְאוּבֵן וַיֹּאמְרוּ אֶל־מֹשֶׁה וְאֶל־אֶלְעָזָר הַכֹּהֵן וְאֶל־נְשִׂיאֵי הָעֵדָה לֵאמֹֽר׃
The tribes of Reuvein and Gad came and spoke to Moshe and to Elozor the kohein, and to the princes of the community, saying:
The tribes of Reuvein and Gad came and spoke to Moshe and to Elozor the kohein, and to the princes of the community, saying:
עֲטָרוֹת וְדִיבֹן וְיַעְזֵר וְנִמְרָה וְחֶשְׁבּוֹן וְאֶלְעָלֵה וּשְׂבָם וּנְבוֹ וּבְעֹֽן׃
“Ataros, Divon, Ya’zeir, Nimrah, Cheshbon, Elalei, Sevam, Nevo and Be’on,
“Ataros, Divon, Ya’zeir, Nimrah, Cheshbon, Elalei, Sevam, Nevo and Be’on,
Rashi
הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר הִכָּה יְהֹוָה לִפְנֵי עֲדַת יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶרֶץ מִקְנֶה הִוא וְלַֽעֲבָדֶיךָ מִקְנֶֽה׃ {ס}
the land that Adonoy struck down before Bnei Yisroel, is an area for livestock; and your servants have livestock.”
the land that Adonoy struck down before Bnei Yisroel, is an area for livestock; and your servants have livestock.”
וַיֹּאמְרוּ אִם־מָצָאנוּ חֵן בְּעֵינֶיךָ יֻתַּן אֶת־הָאָרֶץ הַזֹּאת לַעֲבָדֶיךָ לַאֲחֻזָּה אַל־תַּעֲבִרֵנוּ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּֽן׃
They said: “If we have found favor in your eyes, let this land be given to your servants as a possession. Do not bring us over the Yardein.”
They said: “If we have found favor in your eyes, let this land be given to your servants as a possession. Do not bring us over the Yardein.”
וַיֹּאמֶר מֹשֶׁה לִבְנֵי־גָד וְלִבְנֵי רְאוּבֵן הַאַֽחֵיכֶם יָבֹאוּ לַמִּלְחָמָה וְאַתֶּם תֵּשְׁבוּ פֹֽה׃
Moshe said to the children (tribes) of Gad and Reuvein: “Should your brothers go out to war while you settle here?
Moshe said to the children (tribes) of Gad and Reuvein: “Should your brothers go out to war while you settle here?
Rashi
האחיכם. לְשׁוֹן תְּמִיהָה הוּא:
Should your brothers. This denotes a question.
וְלָמָּה (תנואון) [תְנִיאוּן] אֶת־לֵב בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵֽעֲבֹר אֶל־הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר־נָתַן לָהֶם יְהֹוָֽה׃
Why do you dishearten Bnei Yisroel from crossing over to the land that Adonoy has given them?
Why do you dishearten Bnei Yisroel from crossing over to the land that Adonoy has given them?
Rashi
ולמה תניאון. תָּסִירוּ וְתַמְנִיעוּ לִבָּם מֵעֲבֹר, שֶׁיִּהְיוּ סְבוּרִים שֶׁאַתֶּם יְרֵאִים לַעֲבֹר מִפְּנֵי הַמִּלְחָמָה וְחֹזֶק הֶעָרִים וְהָעָם:
Why do you dishearten. Turn aside and restrain their hearts from crossing, for they will think that you are afraid to cross because of the war, and the strength of the cities and the people.
כֹּה עָשׂוּ אֲבֹתֵיכֶם בְּשׇׁלְחִי אֹתָם מִקָּדֵשׁ בַּרְנֵעַ לִרְאוֹת אֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃
This is what your fathers did when I sent them from Kadeish Barnei’a to look at the land.
This is what your fathers did when I sent them from Kadeish Barnei’a to look at the land.
Rashi
מקדש ברנע. כָּךְ שְׁמָהּ, וּשְׁתֵּי קָדֵשׁ הָיוּ:
From Kadeish Barnei’a. This was its name. There were two places named Kadeish.
וַֽיַּעֲלוּ עַד־נַחַל אֶשְׁכּוֹל וַיִּרְאוּ אֶת־הָאָרֶץ וַיָּנִיאוּ אֶת־לֵב בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְבִלְתִּי־בֹא אֶל־הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר־נָתַן לָהֶם יְהֹוָֽה׃
They went up to Nachal Eshkol and saw the land. They then disheartened Bnei Yisroel from coming into the land that Adonoy has given them.
They went up to Nachal Eshkol and saw the land. They then disheartened Bnei Yisroel from coming into the land that Adonoy has given them.
וַיִּֽחַר־אַף יְהֹוָה בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא וַיִּשָּׁבַע לֵאמֹֽר׃
Adonoy displayed His anger on that day and He swore, saying:
Adonoy displayed His anger on that day and He swore, saying:
אִם־יִרְאוּ הָאֲנָשִׁים הָעֹלִים מִמִּצְרַיִם מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וָמַעְלָה אֵת הָאֲדָמָה אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּעְתִּי לְאַבְרָהָם לְיִצְחָק וּֽלְיַעֲקֹב כִּי לֹא־מִלְאוּ אַחֲרָֽי׃
’None of the men who came up from Egypt will see—those who are twenty years and above—the land that I swore to Avraham, Yitzchok and Yaakov, for they did not follow Me fully.
’None of the men who came up from Egypt will see—those who are twenty years and above—the land that I swore to Avraham, Yitzchok and Yaakov, for they did not follow Me fully.
בִּלְתִּי כָּלֵב בֶּן־יְפֻנֶּה הַקְּנִזִּי וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ בִּן־נוּן כִּי מִלְאוּ אַחֲרֵי יְהֹוָֽה׃
Except for Kaleiv, son of Yefuneh, the Kenizite, and Yehoshua, son of Nun, because they followed Adonoy fully.’
Except for Kaleiv, son of Yefuneh, the Kenizite, and Yehoshua, son of Nun, because they followed Adonoy fully.’
Rashi
הקנזי. חוֹרְגוֹ שֶׁל קְנַז הָיָה וְיָלְדָה לוֹ אִמּוֹ שֶׁל כָּלֵב אֶת עָתְנִיאֵל (סוטה י"א):
The Kenizite. He was Kaleiv’s stepfather, to whom Kaleiv’s mother bore Osniel.
וַיִּֽחַר־אַף יְהֹוָה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וַיְנִעֵם בַּמִּדְבָּר אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה עַד־תֹּם כׇּל־הַדּוֹר הָעֹשֶׂה הָרַע בְּעֵינֵי יְהֹוָֽה׃
Adonoy displayed anger against Yisroel and He made them wander in the wilderness for forty years, until the end (death) of the entire generation that had done evil in the eyes of Adonoy.
Adonoy displayed anger against Yisroel and He made them wander in the wilderness for forty years, until the end (death) of the entire generation that had done evil in the eyes of Adonoy.
Rashi
וינעם. וַיְטַלְטְלֵם, מִן "נָע וָנָד" (בראשית ד):
He made them wander. He moved them about, as in “a wanderer and vagrant”
וְהִנֵּה קַמְתֶּם תַּחַת אֲבֹתֵיכֶם תַּרְבּוּת אֲנָשִׁים חַטָּאִים לִסְפּוֹת עוֹד עַל חֲרוֹן אַף־יְהֹוָה אֶל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
Behold, you have now risen in the place of your fathers as a group of sinners, to add to the wrath of Adonoy against Yisroel.
Behold, you have now risen in the place of your fathers as a group of sinners, to add to the wrath of Adonoy against Yisroel.
Rashi
לספות. כְּמוֹ "סְפוּ שָׁנָה עַל שָׁנָה" (ישעיהו כ"ט), "עֹלוֹתֵיכֶם סְפוּ" וְגוֹ' (ירמיהו ז'), לְשׁוֹן תּוֹסֶפֶת:
To add. As in “add a year to a year,” “add your burnt-offerings, etc.” The word denotes addition.
כִּי תְשׁוּבֻן מֵֽאַחֲרָיו וְיָסַף עוֹד לְהַנִּיחוֹ בַּמִּדְבָּר וְשִֽׁחַתֶּם לְכׇל־הָעָם הַזֶּֽה׃ {ס}
If you will turn away from following Him, He will again place them in the wilderness. and you will destroy this entire nation.”
If you will turn away from following Him, He will again place them in the wilderness. and you will destroy this entire nation.”
וַיִּגְּשׁוּ אֵלָיו וַיֹּאמְרוּ גִּדְרֹת צֹאן נִבְנֶה לְמִקְנֵנוּ פֹּה וְעָרִים לְטַפֵּֽנוּ׃
They (the tribes of Reuvein and Gad) approached him (Moshe) and said: “We will build enclosures for our flocks here and cities for our children.
They (the tribes of Reuvein and Gad) approached him (Moshe) and said: “We will build enclosures for our flocks here and cities for our children.
Rashi
נבנה למקננו פה. חָסִים הָיוּ עַל מָמוֹנָם יוֹתֵר מִבְּנֵיהֶם וּבְנוֹתֵיהֶם, שֶׁהִקְדִּימוּ מִקְנֵיהֶם לְטַפָּם. אָמַר לָהֶם מֹשֶׁה "לֹא כֵן, עֲשׂוּ הָעִקָּר עִקָּר וְהַטָּפֵל טָפֵל, בְּנוּ לָכֶם תְּחִלָּה עָרִים לְטַפְּכֶם וְאַחַר כֵּן גְּדֵרוֹת לְצֹאנְכֶם" (תנחומא):
We will build [enclosures] for our flocks here. They were more concerned over their property than [over] their sons and daughters, for they gave precedence to their flocks over their children. Moshe said to them, ‘not so! Treat what is of major importance as such, and what is secondary as such. First build yourselves cities for your children, and afterward pens for your flocks.’
וַאֲנַחְנוּ נֵחָלֵץ חֻשִׁים לִפְנֵי בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל עַד אֲשֶׁר אִם־הֲבִֽיאֹנֻם אֶל־מְקוֹמָם וְיָשַׁב טַפֵּנוּ בְּעָרֵי הַמִּבְצָר מִפְּנֵי יֹשְׁבֵי הָאָֽרֶץ׃
We will then arm ourselves rapidly, and will be ready to go before Bnei Yisroel until we have brought them to their place. Our children will dwell in fortified cities because of the inhabitants of the land.
We will then arm ourselves rapidly, and will be ready to go before Bnei Yisroel until we have brought them to their place. Our children will dwell in fortified cities because of the inhabitants of the land.
Rashi
ואנחנו נחלץ חשים. נִזְדַּיֵּן מְהִירִים, כְּמוֹ "מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז" (ישעיהו ח'), "יְמַהֵר יָחִישָׁה" (שם ה'):
We will then arm ourselves rapidly. We will arm ourselves quickly, as in “quicken the spoil, hasten the plunder,” “let him hurry, hasten [his actions].”
לפני בני ישראל. בְּרָאשֵׁי גְּיָסוֹת, מִתּוֹךְ שֶׁגִּבּוֹרִים הָיוּ, שֶׁכֵּן נֶאֱמַר בְּגָד (דברים ל"ג) "וְטָרַף זְרוֹעַ אַף קָדְקֹד"; וְאַף מֹשֶׁה חָזַר וּפֵרֵשׁ לָהֶם בְּאֵלֶּה הַדְּבָרִים (דברים ג') "וָאֲצַו אֶתְכֶם בָּעֵת הַהִוא וְגוֹ' חֲלוּצִים תַּעַבְרוּ לִפְנֵי אֲחֵיכֶם בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל כָּל בְּנֵי חָיִל", וּבִירִיחוֹ כְּתִיב (יהושע ו') "וְהֶחָלוּץ עוֹבֵר (הֹלֵךְ) לִפְנֵיהֶם" — זֶה רְאוּבֵן וְגָד שֶׁקִּיְּמוּ תְנָאָם:
Before Bnei Yisroel. At the head of the armies, since they were great warriors, as it is said concerning Gad, “he shall tear arms, skulls as well.” Moshe, too, reiterated specifically to them, in “These are the words”: “I commanded you at that time, etc., go forth armed before your brothers, Bnei Yisroel, all [you] great warriors.” And at Yericho it is written, “the armed force went before them” — they were [the sons of] Reuven and Gad, who fulfilled their condition.
וישב טפנו. בְּעוֹדֵנוּ אֵצֶל אַחֵינוּ:
Our children will dwell. When we are with our brothers.
בערי המבצר. שֶׁנִּבְנֶה עַכְשָׁו:
In fortified cities. Which we shall build now.
לֹא נָשׁוּב אֶל־בָּתֵּינוּ עַד הִתְנַחֵל בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אִישׁ נַחֲלָתֽוֹ׃
We will not return to our homes until each person of Bnei Yisroel takes possession of his hereditary property.
We will not return to our homes until each person of Bnei Yisroel takes possession of his hereditary property.
כִּי לֹא נִנְחַל אִתָּם מֵעֵבֶר לַיַּרְדֵּן וָהָלְאָה כִּי בָאָה נַחֲלָתֵנוּ אֵלֵינוּ מֵעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן מִזְרָֽחָה׃ {פ}
But we do not want to take possession with them across the Yardein and beyond, for, our inheritance came to us to the east of the Yardein.”
But we do not want to take possession with them across the Yardein and beyond, for, our inheritance came to us to the east of the Yardein.”
Rashi
מעבר לירדן והלאה. בָּעֵבֶר הַמַּעֲרָבִי:
Across the Yardein and beyond. On the western bank.
כי באה נחלתנו. כְּבָר קִבַּלְנוּהָ בָּעֵבֶר הַמִּזְרָחִי:
For, our inheritance came to us. We have already received it, on the eastern bank.
עטרות ודיבן וגו'. מֵאֶרֶץ סִיחוֹן וְעוֹג הָיוּ:
Ataros, Divon, etc. They were part of the land of Sichon and Og.