Devarim
Ki Teitzei, Aliyah 6 כי תצא, שישי
Part of: Ki TeitzeiKi Teitzei, Aliyah 6Chapter 24Setumah, Deuteronomy 24:5Setumah, Deuteronomy 24:7Setumah, Deuteronomy 24:8Setumah, Deuteronomy 24:10
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
Devarim 24
כִּֽי־יִקַּח אִישׁ אִשָּׁה חֲדָשָׁה לֹא יֵצֵא בַּצָּבָא וְלֹא־יַעֲבֹר עָלָיו לְכׇל־דָּבָר נָקִי יִהְיֶה לְבֵיתוֹ שָׁנָה אֶחָת וְשִׂמַּח אֶת־אִשְׁתּוֹ אֲשֶׁר־לָקָֽח׃
When a man marries a new wife, he is not to be mobilized into the army, it shall not impose itself over him in any matter; he shall be free for his home one year and he shall bring joy to the wife he married.
When a man marries a new wife, he is not to be mobilized into the army, it shall not impose itself over him in any matter; he shall be free for his home one year and he shall bring joy to the wife he married.
Rashi
ולא יעבור עליו. דְּבַר הַצָּבָא:
It shall not impose itself over him. The military command.
לכל דבר שֶׁהוּא צֹרֶךְ הַצָּבָא, לֹא לְסַפֵּק מַיִם וּמָזוֹן וְלֹא לְתַקֵּן הַדְּרָכִים, אֲבָל הַחוֹזְרִים מֵעוֹרְכֵי הַמִּלְחָמָה עַל פִּי כֹהֵן, כְּגוֹן בָּנָה בַיִת וְלֹא חֲנָכוֹ אוֹ אֵרַשׂ אִשָּׁה וְלֹא לְקָחָהּ, מַסְפִּיקִין מַיִם וּמָזוֹן וּמְתַקְּנִין אֶת הַדְּרָכִים (שם):
In any matter. Which is needed by the army — not to supply water and food, or to repair the roads. However, those who return from the combat formations by declaration of the kohein — for example, one who built a home but did not inaugurate it, or betrothed a woman but did not marry her — supply water and food, and repair the roads.
יהיה לביתו. אַף בִּשְׁבִיל בֵּיתוֹ, אִם בָּנָה בַיִת וַחֲנָכוֹ וְאִם נָטַע כֶּרֶם וְחִלְּלוֹ אֵינוֹ זָז מִבֵּיתוֹ בִּשְׁבִיל צָרְכֵי הַמִּלְחָמָה:
He shall be . . . for his home. Even for the sake of his home. If he built a home and inaugurated it, or planted a vineyard and redeemed it, he need not budge from his home for the war effort.
יהיה. לְרַבּוֹת אֶת כַּרְמוֹ:
For his home. This refers to his [inaugurated] home.
לביתו. זֶה בֵיתוֹ:
He shall be. This adds his [redeemed] vineyard.
ושמח. יְשַׂמֵּחַ אֶת אִשְׁתּוֹ, וְתַרְגּוּמוֹ "וְיַחְדֵי יָת אִתְּתֵהּ", וְהַמְתַרְגֵּם וְיֶחְדֵּי עִם אִתְּתֵהּ טוֹעֶה הוּא, שֶׁאֵין זֶה תַּרְגּוּם שֶׁל וְשִׂמַּח אֶלָּא שֶׁל וְשָׂמַח:
He shall bring joy. He shall cause his wife to rejoice. Targum also renders “He shall bring joy to his wife.” But one who translates, “He shall rejoice with his wife” is mistaken, for this is not the translation of וְשִׂמַּח, but of וְשָׂמַח .
לֹא־יַחֲבֹל רֵחַיִם וָרָכֶב כִּי־נֶפֶשׁ הוּא חֹבֵֽל׃ {ס}
He may not secure as collateral a mortar or pestle, for his is taking life as security.
He may not secure as collateral a mortar or pestle, for his is taking life as security.
Rashi
לא יחבל. אִם בָּא לְמַשְׁכְּנוֹ עַל חוֹבוֹ בְּבֵית דִּין, לֹא יְמַשְׁכְּנֶנּוּ בִּדְבָרִים שֶׁעוֹשִׂים בָּהֶן אֹכֶל נֶפֶשׁ (ב"מ קי"ג):
He may not secure as collateral. If he demands security from him for his debt in court, he may not secure implements of food preparation.
רחים. הִיא הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה:
A mortar. This refers to the lower [utensil].
ורכב. הִיא הָעֶלְיוֹנָה:
Or pestle. This refers to the upper [utensil].
כִּי־יִמָּצֵא אִישׁ גֹּנֵב נֶפֶשׁ מֵאֶחָיו מִבְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְהִתְעַמֶּר־בּוֹ וּמְכָרוֹ וּמֵת הַגַּנָּב הַהוּא וּבִֽעַרְתָּ הָרָע מִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ׃ {ס}
If a man is apprehended having kidnaped a person from his brothers, from the descendants of Yisroel, and he exploited him and sold him; that kidnaper is to be put to death and you will eliminate the evil within you.
If a man is apprehended having kidnaped a person from his brothers, from the descendants of Yisroel, and he exploited him and sold him; that kidnaper is to be put to death and you will eliminate the evil within you.
Rashi
כי ימצא. בְּעֵדִים וְהַתְרָאָה, וְכֵן כָּל "יִמָּצֵא" שֶׁבַּתּוֹרָה:
If a man is apprehended. Through witnesses, and after a warning. Similarly, every “apprehended” in the Torah.
והתעמר בו. אֵינוֹ חַיָּב עַד שֶׁיִּשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ בּוֹ:
And he exploited him. He is only liable if he uses him.
הִשָּׁמֶר בְּנֶֽגַע־הַצָּרַעַת לִשְׁמֹר מְאֹד וְלַעֲשׂוֹת כְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר־יוֹרוּ אֶתְכֶם הַכֹּהֲנִים הַלְוִיִּם כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתִם תִּשְׁמְרוּ לַעֲשֽׂוֹת׃
Take precautions with the leprosy affliction to be extremely careful and to do—in accordance with everything that the kohanim the Levites shall instruct you; as I commanded them are you to make sure to do.
Take precautions with the leprosy affliction to be extremely careful and to do—in accordance with everything that the kohanim the Levites shall instruct you; as I commanded them are you to make sure to do.
Rashi
השמר בנגע הצרעת. שֶׁלֹּא תִתְלֹשׁ סִימָנֵי טֻמְאָה וְלֹא תָקֹץ אֶת הַבַּהֶרֶת (מכות כ"ב):
Take precautions with the leprosy affliction. So as not to pluck the symptoms of defilement, or remove the leprous ulcer.
ככל אשר יורו אתכם. אִם לְהַסְגִּיר אִם לְהַחֲלִיט אִם לְטַהֵר:
In accordance with everything that . . . shall instruct you. Whether to place in confinement, condemn, or purify.
זָכוֹר אֵת אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂה יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ לְמִרְיָם בַּדֶּרֶךְ בְּצֵאתְכֶם מִמִּצְרָֽיִם׃ {ס}
Remember what Adonoy, your God, did to Miriam on the way when you were going out of Egypt.
Remember what Adonoy, your God, did to Miriam on the way when you were going out of Egypt.
Rashi
זכור את אשר עשה ה' אלהיך למרים. אִם בָּאתָ לְהִזָּהֵר שֶׁלֹּא תִלְקֶה בְּצָרַעַת אַל תְּסַפֵּר לָשׁוֹן הָרָע, זְכֹר הֶעָשׂוּי לְמִרְיָם שֶׁדִּבְּרָה בְאָחִיהָ וְלָקְתָה בִנְגָעִים (עי' ספרי):
Remember what the Adonoy, your God, did to Miriam. If you intend to take precautions to avoid suffering tzora’as, do not engage in slander. Remember what was done to Miriam, who spoke about her brother, and was afflicted with leprous ulcers.
כִּֽי־תַשֶּׁה בְרֵֽעֲךָ מַשַּׁאת מְאוּמָה לֹא־תָבֹא אֶל־בֵּיתוֹ לַעֲבֹט עֲבֹטֽוֹ׃
If you become your fellow’s creditor for any amount of debt, do not enter his house to take his pledge.
If you become your fellow’s creditor for any amount of debt, do not enter his house to take his pledge.
Rashi
כי תשה ברעך. תָחֹב בַּחֲבֵרְךָ:
If you become your fellow’s creditor. You obligate your fellow.
משאת מאומה. חוֹב שֶׁל כְּלוּם:
For any amount of debt. The slightest debt.
בַּחוּץ תַּעֲמֹד וְהָאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר אַתָּה נֹשֶׁה בוֹ יוֹצִיא אֵלֶיךָ אֶֽת־הַעֲבוֹט הַחֽוּצָה׃
Stand outside, and the man from whom you are claiming, will bring out the pledge to you outside.
Stand outside, and the man from whom you are claiming, will bring out the pledge to you outside.
וְאִם־אִישׁ עָנִי הוּא לֹא תִשְׁכַּב בַּעֲבֹטֽוֹ׃
And if he is a poor man, do not repose with his collateral [in your possession].
And if he is a poor man, do not repose with his collateral [in your possession].
Rashi
לא תשכב בעבטו. לֹא תִשְׁכַּב וַעֲבוֹטוֹ אֶצְלְךָ (ספרי; בבא מציעא קי"ד):
Do not repose with his collateral. Do not repose with his collateral in your possession.
הָשֵׁב תָּשִׁיב לוֹ אֶֽת־הַעֲבוֹט כְּבוֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ וְשָׁכַב בְּשַׂלְמָתוֹ וּבֵֽרְכֶךָּ וּלְךָ תִּהְיֶה צְדָקָה לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃ {ס}
Return are you to return the pledge to him at sunset, and he will sleep with his garment and bless you; and it will be to your credit before Adonoy, your God.
Return are you to return the pledge to him at sunset, and he will sleep with his garment and bless you; and it will be to your credit before Adonoy, your God.
Rashi
כבוא השמש. אִם כְּסוּת לַיְלָה הוּא, וְאִם כְּסוּת יוֹם — הַחֲזִירֵהוּ בַבֹּקֶר, וּכְבָר כָּתוּב בִּוְאֵלֶּה הַמִּשְׁפָּטִים (כ"ב) "עַד בֹּא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ תְּשִׁיבֶנּוּ לוֹ" — כָּל הַיּוֹם תְּשִׁיבֶנּוּ לוֹ, וּכְבֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ תִּקָּחֶנּוּ:
At sunset. If it is a night garment. If it is a day garment, return it in the morning. That is already written in “These are the laws” — “Until sunset, return it to him.” Throughout the day, return it to him, at sunset, you may take it.
וברכך. וְאִם אֵינוֹ מְבָרֶכְךָ, מִכָּל מָקוֹם ולך תהיה צדקה (ספרי):
And bless you. And even if he does not bless you, still, “It will be to your credit.”
אשה חדשה. שֶׁהִיא חֲדָשָׁה לוֹ וַאֲפִלּוּ אַלְמָנָה, פְּרָט לְמַחֲזִיר גְּרוּשָׁתוֹ (ספרי; סוטה מ"ד):
A new wife. One that is new to him, even if she is a widow. This excludes someone who remarries his divorced wife.