Tanach
Melachim I 11 מלכים א י״א
Part of: Petuchah, I Kings 11:1Petuchah, I Kings 11:11Petuchah, I Kings 11:26Setumah, I Kings 11:7Setumah, I Kings 11:14Setumah, I Kings 11:29Setumah, I Kings 11:40Setumah, I Kings 11:41
Reading: Hebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlyHebrew · Simple EnglishHebrew · Faithful translationHebrew onlySimple English onlyFaithful translation onlySide by sideRashi
וְהַמֶּלֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹה אָהַב נָשִׁים נׇכְרִיּוֹת רַבּוֹת וְאֶת־בַּת־פַּרְעֹה מוֹאֲבִיּוֹת עַמֳּנִיּוֹת אֲדֹמִיֹּת צֵֽדְנִיֹּת חִתִּיֹּֽת׃
Shlomo ha Melech loved many foreign women and [especially] the daughter of Pharaoh; [among them were] Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Tsidonites and Chittites.
Shlomo ha Melech loved many foreign women and [especially] the daughter of Pharaoh; [among them were] Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Tsidonites and Chittites.
Rashi
מִן־הַגּוֹיִם אֲשֶׁר אָֽמַר־יְהֹוָה אֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לֹא־תָבֹאוּ בָהֶם וְהֵם לֹא־יָבֹאוּ בָכֶם אָכֵן יַטּוּ אֶת־לְבַבְכֶם אַחֲרֵי אֱלֹהֵיהֶם בָּהֶם דָּבַק שְׁלֹמֹה לְאַהֲבָֽה׃
They were from the nations of which Adonoy had said to the Bnei Yisroel, “You shall not go [marry] among them, and they shall not enter [marry] among you, for they will surely turn your hearts to go after their gods; they were the ones that Shlomo did cleave to love.
They were from the nations of which Adonoy had said to the Bnei Yisroel, “You shall not go [marry] among them, and they shall not enter [marry] among you, for they will surely turn your hearts to go after their gods; they were the ones that Shlomo did cleave to love.
וַיְהִי־לוֹ נָשִׁים שָׂרוֹת שְׁבַע מֵאוֹת וּפִלַגְשִׁים שְׁלֹשׁ מֵאוֹת וַיַּטּוּ נָשָׁיו אֶת־לִבּֽוֹ׃
He had seven hundred royal wives and three hundred concubines; and his wives swayed his heart.
He had seven hundred royal wives and three hundred concubines; and his wives swayed his heart.
וַיְהִי לְעֵת זִקְנַת שְׁלֹמֹה נָשָׁיו הִטּוּ אֶת־לְבָבוֹ אַחֲרֵי אֱלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים וְלֹא־הָיָה לְבָבוֹ שָׁלֵם עִם־יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהָיו כִּלְבַב דָּוִיד אָבִֽיו׃
And in Shlomo’s old age, his wives turned his heart to go after foreign gods, and his heart was no longer whole with Adonoy, his God, like the heart of Dovid, his father.
And in Shlomo’s old age, his wives turned his heart to go after foreign gods, and his heart was no longer whole with Adonoy, his God, like the heart of Dovid, his father.
וַיֵּלֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹה אַחֲרֵי עַשְׁתֹּרֶת אֱלֹהֵי צִדֹנִים וְאַחֲרֵי מִלְכֹּם שִׁקֻּץ עַמֹּנִֽים׃
Shlomo followed after Ashtores, the god of the Tzodnites, and after Milcom, the abomination of the Ammonites.
Shlomo followed after Ashtores, the god of the Tzodnites, and after Milcom, the abomination of the Ammonites.
וַיַּעַשׂ שְׁלֹמֹה הָרַע בְּעֵינֵי יְהֹוָה וְלֹא מִלֵּא אַחֲרֵי יְהֹוָה כְּדָוִד אָבִֽיו׃ {ס}
And thus Shlomo did that which was evil in the eyes of Adonoy; and he was not completely devoted to Adonoy as was Dovid, his father.
And thus Shlomo did that which was evil in the eyes of Adonoy; and he was not completely devoted to Adonoy as was Dovid, his father.
אָז יִבְנֶה שְׁלֹמֹה בָּמָה לִכְמוֹשׁ שִׁקֻּץ מוֹאָב בָּהָר אֲשֶׁר עַל־פְּנֵי יְרוּשָׁלָ͏ִם וּלְמֹלֶךְ שִׁקֻּץ בְּנֵי עַמּֽוֹן׃
Then Shlomo built a Bomoh [altar] for Chemosh, the abomination of Moav, on the mountain opposite Yerushalayim; and [also] for Molech, the abomination of Ammon.
Then Shlomo built a Bomoh [altar] for Chemosh, the abomination of Moav, on the mountain opposite Yerushalayim; and [also] for Molech, the abomination of Ammon.
Rashi
אז יבנה שלמה במה. רבותינו (שבת נו ב): אמרו מתוך שלא מיחה בנשיו, נקראת על שמו:
Then Shlomo built a Bomoh [altar]. Our Rabbis said, that because he did not protest against his wives, it is called by his name.3Maseches Shabbos 56b. A Jew is responsible for the behavior of those subject to his influence. The Torah demands, “you shall reprove your fellow and do not bear a sin on his account” [Vayikra 19:17], implying that if you fail to reprove him, you will bear his sin.—Ralbag
בהר אשר על פני ירושלים. הר הזיתים:
On the mountain opposite Yerusholayim. The Mount of Olives.
וְכֵן עָשָׂה לְכׇל־נָשָׁיו הַנׇּכְרִיּוֹת מַקְטִירוֹת וּֽמְזַבְּחוֹת לֵאלֹהֵיהֶֽן׃
So he did for all his foreign wives, who burnt incense and sacrificed to their gods.
So he did for all his foreign wives, who burnt incense and sacrificed to their gods.
וַיִּתְאַנַּף יְהֹוָה בִּשְׁלֹמֹה כִּֽי־נָטָה לְבָבוֹ מֵעִם יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הַנִּרְאָה אֵלָיו פַּעֲמָֽיִם׃
And Adonoy was angered by Shlomo, for his heart was turned away from Adonoy, the God of Yisroel, who had appeared to him two times.
And Adonoy was angered by Shlomo, for his heart was turned away from Adonoy, the God of Yisroel, who had appeared to him two times.
וְצִוָּה אֵלָיו עַל־הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה לְבִלְתִּי־לֶכֶת אַחֲרֵי אֱלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים וְלֹא שָׁמַר אֵת אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּה יְהֹוָֽה׃ {פ}
And had commanded him about this [very] thing, not to go after alien gods; and he did not preserve what Adonoy commanded.
And had commanded him about this [very] thing, not to go after alien gods; and he did not preserve what Adonoy commanded.
וַיֹּאמֶר יְהֹוָה לִשְׁלֹמֹה יַעַן אֲשֶׁר הָֽיְתָה־זֹּאת עִמָּךְ וְלֹא שָׁמַרְתָּ בְּרִיתִי וְחֻקֹּתַי אֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתִי עָלֶיךָ קָרֹעַ אֶקְרַע אֶת־הַמַּמְלָכָה מֵעָלֶיךָ וּנְתַתִּיהָ לְעַבְדֶּֽךָ׃
And Adonoy said to Shlomo, “Because this has been with you and you did not preserve My covenant, and My statute that I commanded you; I will surely tear the kingdom away from you, and give it to your servant.
And Adonoy said to Shlomo, “Because this has been with you and you did not preserve My covenant, and My statute that I commanded you; I will surely tear the kingdom away from you, and give it to your servant.
Rashi
אשר היתה זאת עמך. אשר ידעת שאתה עובר על מצותי:
This had been with you. [I.e.,] you knew that you were transgressing My commandments.
אַךְ־בְּיָמֶיךָ לֹא אֶעֱשֶׂנָּה לְמַעַן דָּוִד אָבִיךָ מִיַּד בִּנְךָ אֶקְרָעֶֽנָּה׃
But in your lifetime I will not do it, for the sake of Dovid, your father, but from the hand of your son, I will tear it.
But in your lifetime I will not do it, for the sake of Dovid, your father, but from the hand of your son, I will tear it.
רַק אֶת־כׇּל־הַמַּמְלָכָה לֹא אֶקְרָע שֵׁבֶט אֶחָד אֶתֵּן לִבְנֶךָ לְמַעַן דָּוִד עַבְדִּי וּלְמַעַן יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם אֲשֶׁר בָּחָֽרְתִּי׃ {ס}
However, the entire kingdom I will not tear away [from you]; but one tribe, I will give to your son, for the sake of Dovid, your father, and for the sake of Yerushalayim that I have chosen.
However, the entire kingdom I will not tear away [from you]; but one tribe, I will give to your son, for the sake of Dovid, your father, and for the sake of Yerushalayim that I have chosen.
וַיָּקֶם יְהֹוָה שָׂטָן לִשְׁלֹמֹה אֵת הֲדַד הָאֲדֹמִי מִזֶּרַע הַמֶּלֶךְ הוּא בֶּאֱדֽוֹם׃
Adonoy set up a rival against Shlomo, [he was] Hadad, the Edomite, who was from the offspring of the king of Edom.
Adonoy set up a rival against Shlomo, [he was] Hadad, the Edomite, who was from the offspring of the king of Edom.
וַיְהִי בִּֽהְיוֹת דָּוִד אֶת־אֱדוֹם בַּעֲלוֹת יוֹאָב שַׂר הַצָּבָא לְקַבֵּר אֶת־הַחֲלָלִים וַיַּךְ כׇּל־זָכָר בֶּאֱדֽוֹם׃
Dovid was in Edom when Yoav, commander of the army had gone up to bury the dead, for he had slain every male person of Edom.
Dovid was in Edom when Yoav, commander of the army had gone up to bury the dead, for he had slain every male person of Edom.
Rashi
ויהי בהיות דוד את אדום. אז ויברח הדד מפני דוד ויואב:
Dovid was in Edom. Then Hadad fled from Dovid and Yoav.4Below v. 17.
לקבר את החללים. שקברו להרוגים של אדום, הוא שנאמר שם בספר שמואל (ב ח יג): ויעש דוד שם בשובו מהכות את אדום, שהיו הכל מקלסין אותו, איש חסיד שקובר את הרוגיו, וכן הוא אומר במלחמות גוג ומגוג (יחזקאל לט יג): וקברו כל עם הארץ והיה להם לשם. ויונתן תרגם לקבר את החללים: לחלצא ית קטיליא, לקחת את חליצתם:
To bury the dead. For they buried the slain of Edom, this is what is stated in the Book of Shmuel, “And Dovid made [for himself] a name when he returned from slaying [those of] Edom,”5II Shmuel 8:13. Rashi apparently had a different version of the text than ours which reads, “...after returning from slaying [those of] Aram.” For clarification, see Tehillim 60:2. for all were praising him as a pious person for he buries his slain. And similarly it states concerning the wars of Gog and Magog, “And they will bury all the people of the land, and it will bring them fame.”6Yechezkeil 39:13. However, [Targum] Yonoson rendered לקבר את החללים, “to strip the slain,” [i.e.,] to remove their clothing.
כִּי שֵׁשֶׁת חֳדָשִׁים יָשַׁב־שָׁם יוֹאָב וְכׇל־יִשְׂרָאֵל עַד־הִכְרִית כׇּל־זָכָר בֶּאֱדֽוֹם׃
For six months, Yoav and all of Yisroel remained stationed there, until he had wiped out every male person in Edom.
For six months, Yoav and all of Yisroel remained stationed there, until he had wiped out every male person in Edom.
וַיִּבְרַח אֲדַד הוּא וַאֲנָשִׁים אֲדֹמִיִּים מֵעַבְדֵי אָבִיו אִתּוֹ לָבוֹא מִצְרָיִם וַהֲדַד נַעַר קָטָֽן׃
[However] Hadad had fled, he together with some men from Edom, who were of his father’s servants, to come to Egypt. Hadad was a small boy at that time.
[However] Hadad had fled, he together with some men from Edom, who were of his father’s servants, to come to Egypt. Hadad was a small boy at that time.
וַיָּקֻמוּ מִמִּדְיָן וַיָּבֹאוּ פָּארָן וַיִּקְחוּ אֲנָשִׁים עִמָּם מִפָּארָן וַיָּבֹאוּ מִצְרַיִם אֶל־פַּרְעֹה מֶלֶךְ־מִצְרַיִם וַיִּתֶּן־לוֹ בַיִת וְלֶחֶם אָמַר לוֹ וְאֶרֶץ נָתַן לֽוֹ׃
They got up from Midyon and came to Poron. They took some men from Poron with them, and they came to Egypt, to Pharaoh, the king of Egypt. Pharaoh gave him a house, and ordered that he be provided with food, and he [also] granted him land.
They got up from Midyon and came to Poron. They took some men from Poron with them, and they came to Egypt, to Pharaoh, the king of Egypt. Pharaoh gave him a house, and ordered that he be provided with food, and he [also] granted him land.
Rashi
ולחם אמר לו. אמר למשרתיו, כך וכך לחם תנו לו ליום:
And ordered that he be provided with food. He said to his servants, “So much and so much bread should you give him daily.”
וַיִּמְצָא הֲדַד חֵן בְּעֵינֵי פַרְעֹה מְאֹד וַיִּתֶּן־לוֹ אִשָּׁה אֶת־אֲחוֹת אִשְׁתּוֹ אֲחוֹת תַּחְפְּנֵיס הַגְּבִירָֽה׃
Hadad found much favor in the eyes Pharaoh, and he gave him for a wife, the sister of his own wife, the sister of Tachpenais, the Queen.
Hadad found much favor in the eyes Pharaoh, and he gave him for a wife, the sister of his own wife, the sister of Tachpenais, the Queen.
Rashi
הגבירה. המלכה:
The Queen. The queen.
וַתֵּלֶד לוֹ אֲחוֹת תַּחְפְּנֵיס אֵת גְּנֻבַת בְּנוֹ וַתִּגְמְלֵהוּ תַחְפְּנֵס בְּתוֹךְ בֵּית פַּרְעֹה וַיְהִי גְנֻבַת בֵּית פַּרְעֹה בְּתוֹךְ בְּנֵי פַרְעֹֽה׃
And the sister of Tachpenais, bore him Genuvas, his son, and Tachpenais weaned him in the house of Pharaoh; and Genuvas was raised in the house of Pharoah among the children of Pharaoh.
And the sister of Tachpenais, bore him Genuvas, his son, and Tachpenais weaned him in the house of Pharaoh; and Genuvas was raised in the house of Pharoah among the children of Pharaoh.
וַהֲדַד שָׁמַע בְּמִצְרַיִם כִּֽי־שָׁכַב דָּוִד עִם־אֲבֹתָיו וְכִי־מֵת יוֹאָב שַׂר־הַצָּבָא וַיֹּאמֶר הֲדַד אֶל־פַּרְעֹה שַׁלְּחֵנִי וְאֵלֵךְ אֶל־אַרְצִֽי׃
Hadad heard in Egypt that Dovid slept with his fathers, and that Yoav, commander of the army had died. Hadad then said to Pharaoh, “Release me, and I will go to my own land.”
Hadad heard in Egypt that Dovid slept with his fathers, and that Yoav, commander of the army had died. Hadad then said to Pharaoh, “Release me, and I will go to my own land.”
Rashi
כי שכב דוד. דוד שמת מיתת עצמו, נאמרה בו שכיבה, יואב שנהרג, נאמרה בו מיתה דבר אחר: דוד שהניח בן הגון ממלא מקומו, נאמר בו שכיבה, יואב שלא הניח בן הגון ממלא מקומו, לא נאמרה בו שכיבה, כי אם מיתה (בבא בתרא קטז א):
That Dovid slept. For Dovid who died of natural causes, an expression of sleeping [שכיבה] is mentioned; but for Yoav who was killed, an expression of dying [מיתה] is mentioned.. Another explanation is that concerning Dovid who was survived by a meritorious son who took his place, [an expression of] sleeping is mentioned, but concerning Yoav who was not survived by a meritorious son who took his place, [an expression of] sleeping is not mentioned, rather, [an expression of] dying [is mentioned].7Maseches Bava Basra 116a.
וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ פַרְעֹה כִּי מָֽה־אַתָּה חָסֵר עִמִּי וְהִנְּךָ מְבַקֵּשׁ לָלֶכֶת אֶל־אַרְצֶךָ וַיֹּאמֶֽר ׀ לֹא כִּי שַׁלֵּחַ תְּשַׁלְּחֵֽנִי׃
Pharaoh said to him, “What are you lacking with me that you ask to go to your land?” And he said, “No, but release me nevertheless.”
Pharaoh said to him, “What are you lacking with me that you ask to go to your land?” And he said, “No, but release me nevertheless.”
וַיָּקֶם אֱלֹהִים לוֹ שָׂטָן אֶת־רְזוֹן בֶּן־אֶלְיָדָע אֲשֶׁר בָּרַח מֵאֵת הֲדַדְעֶזֶר מֶלֶךְ־צוֹבָה אֲדֹנָֽיו׃
And God raised up a rival against [Shlomo], Rezon the son of Elyodoh, who had fled from Hadadezer, the king of Tsova, his master.
And God raised up a rival against [Shlomo], Rezon the son of Elyodoh, who had fled from Hadadezer, the king of Tsova, his master.
Rashi
ויקם אלהים לו שטן. לשלמה, וזה הוא שאמר נתן הנביא לדוד (שמואל ב ז יד): אשר בהעוותו והוכחתיו בשבט אנשים:
And God raised up a rival against him [Shlomo]. Against Shlomo. And this is what Noson the prophet said to Dovid, “so that when he goes astray, I will chasten him with the rod of men.”8II Shmuel 7:14. God sent adversaries against Shlomo for the purpose of inducing him to repent.—Radak
וַיִּקְבֹּץ עָלָיו אֲנָשִׁים וַיְהִי שַׂר־גְּדוּד בַּהֲרֹג דָּוִד אֹתָם וַיֵּלְכוּ דַמֶּשֶׂק וַיֵּשְׁבוּ בָהּ וַֽיִּמְלְכוּ בְּדַמָּֽשֶׂק׃
He gathered men around him and he was the leader of troops when Dovid killed them. They then went to Damascus and lived there, and they ruled in Damascus.
He gathered men around him and he was the leader of troops when Dovid killed them. They then went to Damascus and lived there, and they ruled in Damascus.
וַיְהִי שָׂטָן לְיִשְׂרָאֵל כׇּל־יְמֵי שְׁלֹמֹה וְאֶת־הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר הֲדָד וַיָּקָץ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וַיִּמְלֹךְ עַל־אֲרָֽם׃ {פ}
He antagonized Yisroel during all the days of Shlomo in conjunction with the evil of Hadad. He detested yisroel and ruled over Arom.
He antagonized Yisroel during all the days of Shlomo in conjunction with the evil of Hadad. He detested yisroel and ruled over Arom.
Rashi
ואת הרעה אשר הדד. עם הרעה שעל ידי הדד, היתה גם זו של רזון:
In conjunction with the evil of Hadad. Together with the evil that was perpetrated by Hadad, was also this evil of Rezon.9For without Hadad, Rezon alone would be unable to antagonize Shlomo.—Metzudas Dovid
וְיָרׇבְעָם בֶּן־נְבָט אֶפְרָתִי מִן־הַצְּרֵדָה וְשֵׁם אִמּוֹ צְרוּעָה אִשָּׁה אַלְמָנָה עֶבֶד לִשְׁלֹמֹה וַיָּרֶם יָד בַּמֶּֽלֶךְ׃
And Yerovom, the son of Nevot, [was] from the tribe of Ephraim, from Tsereidoh, and his mother’s name was Tseruah, a widow. He was a servant to Shlomo and he raised his hand against the king.
And Yerovom, the son of Nevot, [was] from the tribe of Ephraim, from Tsereidoh, and his mother’s name was Tseruah, a widow. He was a servant to Shlomo and he raised his hand against the king.
Rashi
וירם יד במלך. הוכיחו ברבים:
And he raised his hand against the king. He rebuked him in public.10He was correct in rebuking him about building up the Millo, but he was wrong for doing it in public. See Maseches Sanhedrin 101b and Rashi there.
וְזֶה הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר־הֵרִים יָד בַּמֶּלֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹה בָּנָה אֶת־הַמִּלּוֹא סָגַר אֶת־פֶּרֶץ עִיר דָּוִד אָבִֽיו׃
It was about this matter that he raised his hand against the king: Shlomo had built up the Millo, and had closed up the breaks of the city of Dovid, his father.
It was about this matter that he raised his hand against the king: Shlomo had built up the Millo, and had closed up the breaks of the city of Dovid, his father.
Rashi
וזה הדבר. אשר הוכיחו עליו:
It was about this matter. Concerning which he rebuked him.
שלמה בנה את המלוא. ובבנין זה סגר את פרץ העיר דוד, שהיה הפרץ אחורי המלוא, אמר לו: אביך פרץ פרצות בחומה ליכנס בו עולי רגלים, ואתה גדרת אותה, לעשות אנגריא לבת פרעה, להושיב שם עבדיה ומשרתיה (סנהדרין קא ב):
Shlomo had built up the Millo. And with this building, he closed up the breach of the City of Dovid which was behind the Millo.11See above 9:24. He said to him, “Your father made breaches in the wall for the festival pilgrims to enter, and you closed it up, to create a labor force for Pharaoh’s daughter, to station there her menservants and maidservants.”12Maseches Sanhedrin 101b and Rashi there.
וְהָאִישׁ יָרׇבְעָם גִּבּוֹר חָיִל וַיַּרְא שְׁלֹמֹה אֶת־הַנַּעַר כִּֽי־עֹשֵׂה מְלָאכָה הוּא וַיַּפְקֵד אֹתוֹ לְכׇל־סֵבֶל בֵּית יוֹסֵֽף׃ {ס}
This man Yerovom was a man of great valor; and Shlomo had seen that this young man, did his work with diligence, and appointed him over all the [tax] burdens of the House of Yosef.
This man Yerovom was a man of great valor; and Shlomo had seen that this young man, did his work with diligence, and appointed him over all the [tax] burdens of the House of Yosef.
Rashi
וירא שלמה את הנער. קודם לכן:
And Shlomo had seen that this young man. Prior to this.
כי עושה מלאכה הוא. מהיר במלאכתו וזריז:
Did his work with diligence. Quick in his work and diligent.
לכל סבל בית יוסף. (תרגום:) לכל מסקי מיסין דבית יוסף, מנשה ואפרים, לפי שמשבט אפרים היה:
Over all the [tax] burdens of the House of Yosef. [Targum Yonoson rendered,] “over all the taxpayers of the House of Yosef,” [i.e.,] Menashe and Ephrayim, because he was from the tribe of Ephrayim.
וַֽיְהִי בָּעֵת הַהִיא וְיָרׇבְעָם יָצָא מִירוּשָׁלָ͏ִם וַיִּמְצָא אֹתוֹ אֲחִיָּה הַשִּׁילֹנִי הַנָּבִיא בַּדֶּרֶךְ וְהוּא מִתְכַּסֶּה בְּשַׂלְמָה חֲדָשָׁה וּשְׁנֵיהֶם לְבַדָּם בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃
At that time Yerovom had gone out of Yerushalayim, and Achiyoh ha Shiloni, the prophet, found him on the road. He [the prophet] was wearing a new garment, and the two of them were alone in the field.
At that time Yerovom had gone out of Yerushalayim, and Achiyoh ha Shiloni, the prophet, found him on the road. He [the prophet] was wearing a new garment, and the two of them were alone in the field.
וַיִּתְפֹּשׂ אֲחִיָּה בַּשַּׂלְמָה הַחֲדָשָׁה אֲשֶׁר עָלָיו וַיִּקְרָעֶהָ שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר קְרָעִֽים׃
And Achiyoh took hold of the new garment that was on him and tore it into twelve pieces.
And Achiyoh took hold of the new garment that was on him and tore it into twelve pieces.
וַיֹּאמֶר לְיָֽרׇבְעָם קַח־לְךָ עֲשָׂרָה קְרָעִים כִּי כֹה אָמַר יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הִנְנִי קֹרֵעַ אֶת־הַמַּמְלָכָה מִיַּד שְׁלֹמֹה וְנָתַתִּי לְךָ אֵת עֲשָׂרָה הַשְּׁבָטִֽים׃
And he said to Yerovom, “Take ten pieces for yourself, for so has said Adonoy, God of Yisroel ‘I am going to tear the kingdom from the hand of Shlomo and give you ten tribes.
And he said to Yerovom, “Take ten pieces for yourself, for so has said Adonoy, God of Yisroel ‘I am going to tear the kingdom from the hand of Shlomo and give you ten tribes.
וְהַשֵּׁבֶט הָאֶחָד יִֽהְיֶה־לּוֹ לְמַעַן ׀ עַבְדִּי דָוִד וּלְמַעַן יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם הָעִיר אֲשֶׁר בָּחַרְתִּי בָהּ מִכֹּל שִׁבְטֵי יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
One tribe will remain his for the sake of My servant, Dovid, and for the sake of Yerushalayim, the city that I chose from [among] all the tribes of Yisroel.
One tribe will remain his for the sake of My servant, Dovid, and for the sake of Yerushalayim, the city that I chose from [among] all the tribes of Yisroel.
יַעַן ׀ אֲשֶׁר עֲזָבוּנִי וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ לְעַשְׁתֹּרֶת אֱלֹהֵי צִדֹנִין לִכְמוֹשׁ אֱלֹהֵי מוֹאָב וּלְמִלְכֹּם אֱלֹהֵי בְנֵֽי־עַמּוֹן וְלֹא־הָלְכוּ בִדְרָכַי לַעֲשׂוֹת הַיָּשָׁר בְּעֵינַי וְחֻקֹּתַי וּמִשְׁפָּטַי כְּדָוִד אָבִֽיו׃
Because they abandoned Me and bowed down to Ashtores, god of the Tsidonim, to Chemosh, god of Moav and to Milcom, god of the children of Amon; and they did not follow in My ways, to do that what is upright in My eyes, to keep My statutes and My judgements as did Dovid, his father.
Because they abandoned Me and bowed down to Ashtores, god of the Tsidonim, to Chemosh, god of Moav and to Milcom, god of the children of Amon; and they did not follow in My ways, to do that what is upright in My eyes, to keep My statutes and My judgements as did Dovid, his father.
וְלֹא־אֶקַּח אֶת־כׇּל־הַמַּמְלָכָה מִיָּדוֹ כִּי ׀ נָשִׂיא אֲשִׁתֶנּוּ כֹּל יְמֵי חַיָּיו לְמַעַן דָּוִד עַבְדִּי אֲשֶׁר בָּחַרְתִּי אֹתוֹ אֲשֶׁר שָׁמַר מִצְוֺתַי וְחֻקֹּתָֽי׃
However, I will not take any part of the kingdom from his hand, for I will make him king all the days of his life, for the sake of Dovid, My servant, whom I have chosen, who preserved My Mitzvos and My statutes.
However, I will not take any part of the kingdom from his hand, for I will make him king all the days of his life, for the sake of Dovid, My servant, whom I have chosen, who preserved My Mitzvos and My statutes.
וְלָקַחְתִּי הַמְּלוּכָה מִיַּד בְּנוֹ וּנְתַתִּיהָ לְּךָ אֵת עֲשֶׂרֶת הַשְּׁבָטִֽים׃
But I will take the the kingdom from the hand of his son, and give it to you, the ten tribes.
But I will take the the kingdom from the hand of his son, and give it to you, the ten tribes.
וְלִבְנוֹ אֶתֵּן שֵֽׁבֶט־אֶחָד לְמַעַן הֱיֽוֹת־נִיר לְדָֽוִיד־עַבְדִּי כׇּֽל־הַיָּמִים ׀ לְפָנַי בִּירוּשָׁלַ͏ִם הָעִיר אֲשֶׁר בָּחַרְתִּי לִי לָשׂוּם שְׁמִי שָֽׁם׃
And to his son, I will give one tribe in order that there be a lamp for Dovid, My servant, all the days before Me in Yerushalayim, the city that I chose for Myself, to place My Name there.
And to his son, I will give one tribe in order that there be a lamp for Dovid, My servant, all the days before Me in Yerushalayim, the city that I chose for Myself, to place My Name there.
Rashi
ניר. ממשלה, ו'ניר' לשון 'עול':
A lamp. A kingdom. ניר is an expression of a yoke.13The king’s subjects must obey their king, just as the ox must obey the person controlling his yoke. Alternatively, ניר means “a candle [=נר],” just as a candle illuminates its surroundings, so does a king influence his subjects.—Metzudas Dovid
וְאֹתְךָ אֶקַּח וּמָלַכְתָּ בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר־תְּאַוֶּה נַפְשֶׁךָ וְהָיִיתָ מֶּלֶךְ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
And I will take you, and you will reign over all that your soul desires. You will be a king over Yisroel.
And I will take you, and you will reign over all that your soul desires. You will be a king over Yisroel.
וְהָיָה אִם־תִּשְׁמַע אֶת־כׇּל־אֲשֶׁר אֲצַוֶּךָ וְהָלַכְתָּ בִדְרָכַי וְעָשִׂיתָ הַיָּשָׁר בְּעֵינַי לִשְׁמוֹר חֻקּוֹתַי וּמִצְוֺתַי כַּאֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה דָּוִד עַבְדִּי וְהָיִיתִי עִמָּךְ וּבָנִיתִֽי לְךָ בַיִת־נֶֽאֱמָן כַּאֲשֶׁר בָּנִיתִי לְדָוִד וְנָתַתִּי לְךָ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
And it will be, that if you listen to all that I command you, and follow in My ways, and do what is upright in My eyes, to preserve My statutes and My Mitzvos as did Dovid, My servant; I will be with you, and I will build for you a house of faithfulness, as I built for Dovid, and I will give you [sovereignty] over Yisroel.
And it will be, that if you listen to all that I command you, and follow in My ways, and do what is upright in My eyes, to preserve My statutes and My Mitzvos as did Dovid, My servant; I will be with you, and I will build for you a house of faithfulness, as I built for Dovid, and I will give you [sovereignty] over Yisroel.
וַאעַנֶּה אֶת־זֶרַע דָּוִד לְמַעַן זֹאת אַךְ לֹא כׇל־הַיָּמִֽים׃ {ס}
And I will afflict Dovid’s descendants because of this, but not for all the days.’ ”
And I will afflict Dovid’s descendants because of this, but not for all the days.’ ”
Rashi
אך לא כל הימים. כי לימות המשיח תשוב המלוכה אליו ובסדר עולם מצאתי: ואענה את זרע דוד למען זאת, כנגד שלשים ושש שנה שנתחתן שלמה את בת פרעה, שנשאה בשנה הרביעית למלכו, וכנגדו נגזרה גזירה על מלכות בית דוד ליחלק, וראויה היתה המלוכה לחזור בימי אסא בשנת שש עשרה למלכו, אלא שקלקל לשלוח שוחד למלך ארם, ולא סמך על הקב"ה, והוא שנאמר בדברי הימים (ב טז א): בשנת שלשים ושש למלכות אסא, בנה בעשא את הרמה, ואי אפשר, שהרי אסא קבר את בעשא בשנת עשרים ושש למלכותו, אלא שש עשרה שנה שלו, הוא קורא שלשים ושש, שהן סוף שלשים ושש לחלוקת המלכות, והגיד הכתוב שבאותה שנה קלקל אסא, אך לא כל הימים, אלא שלושים ושש שנה:
But not for all the days. For in the days of the Mashiach, the kingdom will be restored to him. In Seder Olam I found: “I shall afflict Dovid’s descendants because of this,” corresponding to the thirty-six years that Shlomo was married to Pharaoh’s daughter. For he married her during the fourth year of his reign, and corresponding to this, the decree was promulgated on the kingdom of the House of Dovid to be divided. The kingdom should have been restored, in Asa’s time, in the sixteenth year of his reign. However, he sinned by sending a bribe to the king of Aram, and did not depend on the Holy One Blessed Is He. This is [the meaning] of what is stated in Divrei Hayomim, “In the thirty-sixth year of Asa’s reign, etc., Baasha built the high place.”14II Divrei Hayomim 16:1. This is impossible, because Asa buried Baasha in the twenty-seventh year of his reign. Rather, the sixteenth year of his reign, Scripture calls “the thirty-sixth,” for they are the end of thirty-six years since the division of the kingdom, and Scripture tells us that in that year Asa sinned, “but not for all the days,” only for thirty-six years.
וַיְבַקֵּשׁ שְׁלֹמֹה לְהָמִית אֶת־יָרׇבְעָם וַיָּקׇם יָרׇבְעָם וַיִּבְרַח מִצְרַיִם אֶל־שִׁישַׁק מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַיִם וַיְהִי בְמִצְרַיִם עַד־מוֹת שְׁלֹמֹֽה׃ {ס}
Shlomo wanted to kill Yerovom, but Yerovom got up and fled to Egypt, to Sheshak, the king of Egypt, and he remained in Egypt until the death of Shlomo.
Shlomo wanted to kill Yerovom, but Yerovom got up and fled to Egypt, to Sheshak, the king of Egypt, and he remained in Egypt until the death of Shlomo.
וְיֶתֶר דִּבְרֵי שְׁלֹמֹה וְכׇל־אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה וְחׇכְמָתוֹ הֲלוֹא־הֵם כְּתֻבִים עַל־סֵפֶר דִּבְרֵי שְׁלֹמֹֽה׃
The rest of the events of Shlomo and all that he did, and his wisdom; they are indeed recorded in the book of the events of Shlomo.
The rest of the events of Shlomo and all that he did, and his wisdom; they are indeed recorded in the book of the events of Shlomo.
וְהַיָּמִים אֲשֶׁר מָלַךְ שְׁלֹמֹה בִירוּשָׁלַ͏ִם עַל־כׇּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָֽה׃
The days that Shlomo reigned in Yerushalayim; over all Yisroel, were forty years.
The days that Shlomo reigned in Yerushalayim; over all Yisroel, were forty years.
וַיִּשְׁכַּב שְׁלֹמֹה עִם־אֲבֹתָיו וַיִּקָּבֵר בְּעִיר דָּוִד אָבִיו וַיִּמְלֹךְ רְחַבְעָם בְּנוֹ תַּחְתָּֽיו׃ {ס}
Shlomo slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of Dovid, his father; and Rechavom, his son reigned in his place.
Shlomo slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of Dovid, his father; and Rechavom, his son reigned in his place.
ואת בת פרעה. אף היא מן הנכריות, אלא שהיתה חביבה עליו מכולם, מנאה לעצמה, וכן (שמואל ב ב ל): ויפקדו מעבדי דוד תשעה עשר איש ועשהאל:
And [especially] the daughter of Pharaoh. She too was one of the foreign women, but because she was beloved by him more than all of them, she was counted separately.1Alternatively, Pharaoh’s daughter is singled out because she was the cause for the beginning of Shlomo’s downfall.—Radak And similarly, “And there were missing of Dovid’s servants nineteen men and Asahel.”2II Shmuel 2:30.