Tanach
Nechemyah 10 נחמיה י׳
Part of: Petuchah, Nehemiah 10:1Setumah, Nehemiah 10:15Setumah, Nehemiah 10:35
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וּבְכׇל־זֹאת אֲנַחְנוּ כֹּרְתִים אֲמָנָה וְכֹתְבִים וְעַל הֶֽחָתוּם שָׂרֵינוּ לְוִיֵּנוּ כֹּהֲנֵֽינוּ׃
And with all this [i.e., notwithstanding all this evil that has come upon us], we are making a covenant and writing it down [(to accept His kingdom over us, so that it serve as witness)], and for the signatories, our leaders, our Levites, and our priests.
And with all this [i.e., notwithstanding all this evil that has come upon us], we are making a covenant and writing it down [(to accept His kingdom over us, so that it serve as witness)], and for the signatories, our leaders, our Levites, and our priests.
Rashi
וכותבים. ואנחנו כותבים בספר לקבל מלכותו עלינו למען תהיה לנו לעדות:
and writing And we are writing on a scroll to accept His kingdom upon us in order that it be to us as a testimony.
ועל החתום. שרוב גדולים וחשובים שבנו חתומים על ספר קבלת המצות להיות לנו לעדות:
and signed thereon for most of the great and prominent men among us have signed the scroll of the acceptance of the commandments, to be for us as a testimony.
וְעַל הַחֲתוּמִים נְחֶמְיָה הַתִּרְשָׁתָא בֶּן־חֲכַלְיָה וְצִדְקִיָּֽה׃
And the signatories [(for the acceptance of the mitzvoth, the majority of our dignitaries)]: Nechemiah-Hatirshatha the son of Chachalyah and Tzidkiyah.
And the signatories [(for the acceptance of the mitzvoth, the majority of our dignitaries)]: Nechemiah-Hatirshatha the son of Chachalyah and Tzidkiyah.
Rashi
ועל החתומים. עתה מונה והולך החתומים בספר לעדות קבול המצות:
And signed thereon He now proceeds to enumerate the signatories on the testimonial document of the acceptance of the commandments.
נחמיה התרשתא. שם אחד הוא וזהו שפירשתי (עזרא ב') דהתרשתא הוא נחמיה ולמה נקרא שמו התרשתא שהתירו לו חכמים לשתות יין נסך לפי שהיה משקה למלך:
Nehemiah Hattirshatha It is one name, and this is what I explained (Ezra 2:63) that [the name] Hattirshatha refers to Nehemiah. And why was he called Hattirshatha? Because the Sages permitted him to drink wine of gentiles, because he was the butler of the king.
שְׂרָיָה עֲזַרְיָה יִרְמְיָֽה׃
Serayah, Azaryah, Yirmiyah.
Serayah, Azaryah, Yirmiyah.
פַּשְׁחוּר אֲמַרְיָה מַלְכִּיָּֽה׃
Pashchur, Amaryah, Malkiyah.
Pashchur, Amaryah, Malkiyah.
חַטּוּשׁ שְׁבַנְיָה מַלּֽוּךְ׃
Catush, Shevanyah, Maluch.
Catush, Shevanyah, Maluch.
חָרִם מְרֵמוֹת עֹֽבַדְיָֽה׃
Charim, Meremoth, Ovadyah.
Charim, Meremoth, Ovadyah.
דָּנִיֵּאל גִּנְּתוֹן בָּרֽוּךְ׃
Daniel, Ginthon, Baruch.
Daniel, Ginthon, Baruch.
מְשֻׁלָּם אֲבִיָּה מִיָּמִֽן׃
Meshulam, Aviyah, Miyamin.
Meshulam, Aviyah, Miyamin.
מַֽעַזְיָה בִלְגַּי שְׁמַֽעְיָה אֵלֶּה הַכֹּהֲנִֽים׃
Ma'azyah, Bilgai, Shemayah — these are the priests.
Ma'azyah, Bilgai, Shemayah — these are the priests.
וְֽהַלְוִיִּם וְיֵשׁוּעַ בֶּן־אֲזַנְיָה בִּנּוּי מִבְּנֵי חֵנָדָד קַדְמִיאֵֽל׃
And the Levites — Veyeshua the son of Azanyah, Binui of the sons of Chenadad, Kadmiel.
And the Levites — Veyeshua the son of Azanyah, Binui of the sons of Chenadad, Kadmiel.
וַאֲחֵיהֶם שְׁבַנְיָה הֽוֹדִיָּה קְלִיטָא פְּלָאיָה חָנָֽן׃
And their brethren, Shevanyah, Hodiysh, Kelita, Pelayah, Chanan.
And their brethren, Shevanyah, Hodiysh, Kelita, Pelayah, Chanan.
מִיכָא רְחוֹב חֲשַׁבְיָֽה׃
Micha, Rechov, Chashavyah.
Micha, Rechov, Chashavyah.
זַכּוּר שֵׁרֵֽבְיָה שְׁבַנְיָֽה׃
Zakkur, Sherevyah, Shevanyah.
Zakkur, Sherevyah, Shevanyah.
הוֹדִיָּה בָנִי בְּנִֽינוּ׃ {ס}
Hodiyah, Bani, Beninu.
Hodiyah, Bani, Beninu.
רָאשֵׁי הָעָם פַּרְעֹשׁ פַּחַת מוֹאָב עֵילָם זַתּוּא בָּנִֽי׃
The heads of the people: Parosh, the governor of Moav, Eilam, Zatu, Bani.
The heads of the people: Parosh, the governor of Moav, Eilam, Zatu, Bani.
בֻּנִּי עַזְגָּד בֵּבָֽי׃
Buni, Azgad, Bevai.
Buni, Azgad, Bevai.
אֲדֹנִיָּה בִגְוַי עָדִֽין׃
Adoniyah, Bigvai, Adin.
Adoniyah, Bigvai, Adin.
אָטֵר חִזְקִיָּה עַזּֽוּר׃
Ater, Chizkyah, Azur.
Ater, Chizkyah, Azur.
הוֹדִיָּה חָשֻׁם בֵּצָֽי׃
Hodiyah, Chusham, Betzai.
Hodiyah, Chusham, Betzai.
חָרִיף עֲנָתוֹת (נובי) [נֵיבָֽי]׃
Charif, Anathoth, Nevai.
Charif, Anathoth, Nevai.
מַגְפִּיעָשׁ מְשֻׁלָּם חֵזִֽיר׃
Magpiash, Meshulam, Chezir.
Magpiash, Meshulam, Chezir.
מְשֵׁיזַבְאֵל צָדוֹק יַדּֽוּעַ׃
Meshezavel, Tzaddok, Yadua.
Meshezavel, Tzaddok, Yadua.
פְּלַטְיָה חָנָן עֲנָיָֽה׃
Pelatyah, Chanan, Anayah.
Pelatyah, Chanan, Anayah.
הוֹשֵׁעַ חֲנַנְיָה חַשּֽׁוּב׃
Hoshea, Chananyah, Chashuv.
Hoshea, Chananyah, Chashuv.
הַלּוֹחֵשׁ פִּלְחָא שׁוֹבֵֽק׃
Halochesh, Pilcha, Shovek.
Halochesh, Pilcha, Shovek.
רְחוּם חֲשַׁבְנָה מַעֲשֵׂיָֽה׃
Rechum, Chashavnah, Ma'aseyah.
Rechum, Chashavnah, Ma'aseyah.
וַאֲחִיָּה חָנָן עָנָֽן׃
Va'achiyah, Chanan, Anan.
Va'achiyah, Chanan, Anan.
מַלּוּךְ חָרִם בַּעֲנָֽה׃
Maluch, Charim, Ba'anah.
Maluch, Charim, Ba'anah.
וּשְׁאָר הָעָם הַכֹּהֲנִים הַלְוִיִּם הַשּׁוֹעֲרִים הַמְשֹׁרְרִים הַנְּתִינִים וְֽכׇל־הַנִּבְדָּל מֵעַמֵּי הָאֲרָצוֹת אֶל־תּוֹרַת הָאֱלֹהִים נְשֵׁיהֶם בְּנֵיהֶם וּבְנֹתֵיהֶם כֹּל יוֹדֵעַ מֵבִֽין׃
And the rest of the people, the priests, the Levites, the gatekeepers, the singers, the Nethinim, and all [the proselytes] who had separated themselves from the peoples of the lands unto the Torah of G-d, their wives, their sons, their daughters — all who were possessed of understanding —
And the rest of the people, the priests, the Levites, the gatekeepers, the singers, the Nethinim, and all [the proselytes] who had separated themselves from the peoples of the lands unto the Torah of G-d, their wives, their sons, their daughters — all who were possessed of understanding —
Rashi
וכל הנבדל. הם הגרים שנבדלו מתורת העכו"ם להיות דבוקים ומחוברים אל תורתו של הקדוש ברוך הוא ולשמור מצותיו:
and all who separated themselves These are the proselytes who separated themselves from the practice of the nations to cling and attach themselves to the Law of the Holy One, blessed be He, and to keep His commandments.
מַחֲזִיקִים עַל־אֲחֵיהֶם אַדִּירֵיהֶם וּבָאִים בְּאָלָה וּבִשְׁבוּעָה לָלֶכֶת בְּתוֹרַת הָאֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר נִתְּנָה בְּיַד מֹשֶׁה עֶֽבֶד־הָֽאֱלֹהִים וְלִשְׁמוֹר וְלַעֲשׂוֹת אֶת־כׇּל־מִצְוֺת יְהֹוָה אֲדֹנֵינוּ וּמִשְׁפָּטָיו וְחֻקָּֽיו׃
confirmed [the covenant of] their brethren, their dignitaries, and they undertook with oath and vow to walk in the Torah of G d that had been given by the hand of Moses, the servant of G d, and to keep and do all the mitzvoth of the L-rd, our Master, and His mitzvoth and His statutes,
confirmed [the covenant of] their brethren, their dignitaries, and they undertook with oath and vow to walk in the Torah of G d that had been given by the hand of Moses, the servant of G d, and to keep and do all the mitzvoth of the L-rd, our Master, and His mitzvoth and His statutes,
Rashi
על אחיהם. עם אחיהם:
with their brethen Heb. עַל אֲחֵיהֶם with their brothers.
אדיריהם. גדולים שבהם:
their noblemen the great ones among them.
וַאֲשֶׁר לֹא־נִתֵּן בְּנֹתֵינוּ לְעַמֵּי הָאָרֶץ וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֵיהֶם לֹא נִקַּח לְבָנֵֽינוּ׃
and not to give our daughters to the people of the land, and not to take their daughters for our sons,
and not to give our daughters to the people of the land, and not to take their daughters for our sons,
וְעַמֵּי הָאָרֶץ הַֽמְבִיאִים אֶת־הַמַּקָּחוֹת וְכׇל־שֶׁבֶר בְּיוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת לִמְכּוֹר לֹא־נִקַּח מֵהֶם בַּשַּׁבָּת וּבְיוֹם קֹדֶשׁ וְנִטֹּשׁ אֶת־הַשָּׁנָה הַשְּׁבִיעִית וּמַשָּׁא כׇל־יָֽד׃
and not to purchase on Sabbath or holy day from the peoples of the land who bring merchandise and all (kinds of) produce to sell on the Sabbath, and to let the land lie fallow on the seventh year [viz. Exodus 23:11] and [to relinquish] every claim [viz. Deuteronomy 15:2].
and not to purchase on Sabbath or holy day from the peoples of the land who bring merchandise and all (kinds of) produce to sell on the Sabbath, and to let the land lie fallow on the seventh year [viz. Exodus 23:11] and [to relinquish] every claim [viz. Deuteronomy 15:2].
Rashi
המקחות. הסחורות:
שבר. תבואה כמו בשבר אשר הם שוברים (בראשית מ"ו):
and all grains Heb. שֶּׁבֶר, grain, like (Gen. 47:14): “... for the grain (בַּשֶּׁבֶר) that they were purchasing.”
וביום קדש. של י"ט:
or on holy days This refers to festivals.
ונטוש את השנה השביעית. כענין שנאמר והשביעית תשמטנה ונטשתה (שמות כג):
and we shall abandon during the seventh year As is stated (Exod. 23:11): “But throughout the seventh year you shall let it go and abandon it (וּנְטַשְּׁתָּה).”
ומשא כל יד. השמטת מלוה בשביעית:
and the loan given by every hand This refers to the release of loans during the seventh year.
וְהֶעֱמַדְנוּ עָלֵינוּ מִצְוֺת לָתֵת עָלֵינוּ שְׁלִישִׁית הַשֶּׁקֶל בַּשָּׁנָה לַעֲבֹדַת בֵּית אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃
And we took upon ourselves as mitzvoth to give for ourselves a third of a shekel a year [(beyond the prescribed half-shekel [viz. Exodus 30:13])] for the service of the house of our G-d:
And we took upon ourselves as mitzvoth to give for ourselves a third of a shekel a year [(beyond the prescribed half-shekel [viz. Exodus 30:13])] for the service of the house of our G-d:
לְלֶחֶם הַֽמַּעֲרֶכֶת וּמִנְחַת הַתָּמִיד וּלְעוֹלַת הַתָּמִיד הַשַּׁבָּתוֹת הֶחֳדָשִׁים לַמּוֹעֲדִים וְלַקֳּדָשִׁים וְלַחַטָּאוֹת לְכַפֵּר עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל וְכֹל מְלֶאכֶת בֵּית־אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃ {ס}
for the show bread and the perpetual oblation and the perpetual burnt-offering and the [offerings for] the Sabbaths, the New Moons, the festivals, and the [communal] (peace-) offerings and sin-offerings to atone for Israel, and for all the [silver] work of the house of our G-d.
for the show bread and the perpetual oblation and the perpetual burnt-offering and the [offerings for] the Sabbaths, the New Moons, the festivals, and the [communal] (peace-) offerings and sin-offerings to atone for Israel, and for all the [silver] work of the house of our G-d.
Rashi
וכל מלאכת בית אלהינו. לעשות מן הכסף:
and all the work of the Temple of our God to do with money.
וְהַגּוֹרָלוֹת הִפַּלְנוּ עַל־קֻרְבַּן הָעֵצִים הַכֹּהֲנִים הַלְוִיִּם וְהָעָם לְהָבִיא לְבֵית אֱלֹהֵינוּ לְבֵית־אֲבֹתֵינוּ לְעִתִּים מְזֻמָּנִים שָׁנָה בְשָׁנָה לְבַעֵר עַל־מִזְבַּח יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ כַּכָּתוּב בַּתּוֹרָֽה׃
And we cast lots for the offering of wood [for the altar] — the priests, the Levites, and the people — to bring to the house of our G d, the house of [holiness] of our fathers, (to bring it) at set times, year by year, to burn on the altar of the L-rd our G d, as written in the Torah.
And we cast lots for the offering of wood [for the altar] — the priests, the Levites, and the people — to bring to the house of our G d, the house of [holiness] of our fathers, (to bring it) at set times, year by year, to burn on the altar of the L-rd our G d, as written in the Torah.
Rashi
הפלנו. כמה יביא כל אחד:
we cast how much each one should bring.
קרבן העצים. תקרובת של עצי המערכה למזבח:
the wood offering an offering of wood for the arrangement on the altar.
לבית אבותינו. שהיא בית קדושת אבותינו:
to the House of our forefathers which is the House of the sanctity of our forefathers.
וּלְהָבִיא אֶת־בִּכּוּרֵי אַדְמָתֵנוּ וּבִכּוּרֵי כׇּל־פְּרִי כׇל־עֵץ שָׁנָה בְשָׁנָה לְבֵית יְהֹוָֽה׃
And [we undertook] to bring the first-fruits of our land and the first-fruits of all fruit-trees year by year to the house of our L-rd [(the latter, a rabbinical enactment)]
And [we undertook] to bring the first-fruits of our land and the first-fruits of all fruit-trees year by year to the house of our L-rd [(the latter, a rabbinical enactment)]
Rashi
ובכורי כל פרי כל עץ. בכורי של כל פרי האילן הם מדברי חכמים:
the first fruits of our soil The first of every fruit of a tree. They are required by rabbinical injunction.
וְאֶת־בְּכֹרוֹת בָּנֵינוּ וּבְהֶמְתֵּנוּ כַּכָּתוּב בַּתּוֹרָה וְאֶת־בְּכוֹרֵי בְקָרֵינוּ וְצֹאנֵינוּ לְהָבִיא לְבֵית אֱלֹהֵינוּ לַכֹּהֲנִים הַמְשָׁרְתִים בְּבֵית אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃
and (to bring) the [redemption monies] of our first-born sons and of our beasts [i.e., first-born of asses], as written in the Torah, and the first-born of our cattle and of our flocks, to bring (them) to the house of our G-d, to the priests who serve in the house of our G-d,
and (to bring) the [redemption monies] of our first-born sons and of our beasts [i.e., first-born of asses], as written in the Torah, and the first-born of our cattle and of our flocks, to bring (them) to the house of our G-d, to the priests who serve in the house of our G-d,
וְאֶת־רֵאשִׁית עֲרִיסֹתֵינוּ וּתְרוּמֹתֵינוּ וּפְרִי כׇל־עֵץ תִּירוֹשׁ וְיִצְהָר נָבִיא לַכֹּהֲנִים אֶל־לִשְׁכוֹת בֵּית־אֱלֹהֵינוּ וּמַעְשַׂר אַדְמָתֵנוּ לַלְוִיִּם וְהֵם הַלְוִיִּם הַֽמְעַשְּׂרִים בְּכֹל עָרֵי עֲבֹדָתֵֽנוּ׃
and to bring the first of our dough and our tithes and the fruit of every tree, wine and oil, to the priests, to the chambers of the house of our G-d, and (to bring) the tithe of our land to the Levites, the Levites who take their tithes in all the cities of our work [(in Eretz Israel)].
and to bring the first of our dough and our tithes and the fruit of every tree, wine and oil, to the priests, to the chambers of the house of our G-d, and (to bring) the tithe of our land to the Levites, the Levites who take their tithes in all the cities of our work [(in Eretz Israel)].
Rashi
נביא לכהנים אל לשכות. כי שם היו רגילים:
we shall bring to the priests to the chambers for they were usually there.
המעשרים בכל ערי עבודתנו. שנוטלים מעשרותיה' בכל ערי ישראל:
who receive tithes in all the cities of our work who take their tithes in all the cities of Israel.
וְהָיָה הַכֹּהֵן בֶּֽן־אַהֲרֹן עִם־הַלְוִיִּם בַּעְשֵׂר הַלְוִיִּם וְהַלְוִיִּם יַעֲלוּ אֶת־מַעֲשַׂר הַֽמַּעֲשֵׂר לְבֵית אֱלֹהֵינוּ אֶל־הַלְּשָׁכוֹת לְבֵית הָאוֹצָֽר׃
And [we undertook that] a priest, a son [i.e., descendant] of Aaron be with the Levites, when the Levites tithed. And the Levites would bring a tithe of the tithe to the house of our G-d to the chambers [(of the priests, [who would not leave the Temple])], to the store-house.
And [we undertook that] a priest, a son [i.e., descendant] of Aaron be with the Levites, when the Levites tithed. And the Levites would bring a tithe of the tithe to the house of our G-d to the chambers [(of the priests, [who would not leave the Temple])], to the store-house.
Rashi
בעשר. ל' בעשור:
at the [Levites’] tithing Heb. בַּעְשֵּׂר ;an expression meaning at the tithing.
את מעשר המעשר. שהיו הלוים מעשרים מעשר מן המעשר ומביאים אותו לכהנים שלא היו עוזבים את בית המקדש:
the tithe of the tithe for the Levites would take a tithe from the tithe and bring it up to the priests, who did not leave the Temple.
כִּי אֶל־הַלְּשָׁכוֹת יָבִיאוּ בְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל וּבְנֵי הַלֵּוִי אֶת־תְּרוּמַת הַדָּגָן הַתִּירוֹשׁ וְהַיִּצְהָר וְשָׁם כְּלֵי הַמִּקְדָּשׁ וְהַכֹּהֲנִים הַמְשָׁרְתִים וְהַשּׁוֹעֲרִים וְהַמְשֹׁרְרִים וְלֹא נַעֲזֹב אֶת־בֵּית אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃
For to the chambers the sons of Israel and the sons of the Levites would bring the tithe of the grain, the wine, and the oil. And there were found the Temple vessels, and the ministering priests, and the gatekeepers and the singers — so that we not forsake the house of our G-d.
For to the chambers the sons of Israel and the sons of the Levites would bring the tithe of the grain, the wine, and the oil. And there were found the Temple vessels, and the ministering priests, and the gatekeepers and the singers — so that we not forsake the house of our G-d.
ובכל זאת. ובכל הרעה הזאת הבאה עלינו אנחנו כורתים אמנה להקב"ה להאמין ולבטוח בו:
Yet, despite all this Despite all the evil that has come upon us, we are making a trust with the Holy One, blessed be He, to believe and to trust in Him.