Tanach
Shemot 17:1-7 שמות י״ז:א׳-ז׳
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וַיִּסְעוּ כׇּל־עֲדַת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל מִמִּדְבַּר־סִין לְמַסְעֵיהֶם עַל־פִּי יְהֹוָה וַֽיַּחֲנוּ בִּרְפִידִים וְאֵין מַיִם לִשְׁתֹּת הָעָֽם׃
The entire community of B’nei Yisrael journeyed from the wilderness of Sin, traveling according to the word of Adonoy. They camped in Rephidim, and there was no water for the people to drink.
The entire community of B’nei Yisrael journeyed from the wilderness of Sin, traveling according to the word of Adonoy. They camped in Rephidim, and there was no water for the people to drink.
וַיָּרֶב הָעָם עִם־מֹשֶׁה וַיֹּאמְרוּ תְּנוּ־לָנוּ מַיִם וְנִשְׁתֶּה וַיֹּאמֶר לָהֶם מֹשֶׁה מַה־תְּרִיבוּן עִמָּדִי מַה־תְּנַסּוּן אֶת־יְהֹוָֽה׃
The people quarreled with Moshe, and said, “Give us water to drink.” Moshe said to them, “Why are you quarreling with me? Why are you testing Adonoy?”
The people quarreled with Moshe, and said, “Give us water to drink.” Moshe said to them, “Why are you quarreling with me? Why are you testing Adonoy?”
Rashi
וַיִּצְמָא שָׁם הָעָם לַמַּיִם וַיָּלֶן הָעָם עַל־מֹשֶׁה וַיֹּאמֶר לָמָּה זֶּה הֶעֱלִיתָנוּ מִמִּצְרַיִם לְהָמִית אֹתִי וְאֶת־בָּנַי וְאֶת־מִקְנַי בַּצָּמָֽא׃
The people were suffering thirst for [the lack of] water, and the people complained against Moshe and said, “Why did you bring us up from Egypt—to kill me and my children, and my livestock with thirst?”
The people were suffering thirst for [the lack of] water, and the people complained against Moshe and said, “Why did you bring us up from Egypt—to kill me and my children, and my livestock with thirst?”
וַיִּצְעַק מֹשֶׁה אֶל־יְהֹוָה לֵאמֹר מָה אֶעֱשֶׂה לָעָם הַזֶּה עוֹד מְעַט וּסְקָלֻֽנִי׃
Moshe cried out to Adonoy saying, “What shall I do for this people? Before long they will stone me.”
Moshe cried out to Adonoy saying, “What shall I do for this people? Before long they will stone me.”
Rashi
עוד מעט. אם אמתין, עוד מעט וסקלוני:
Before long. I.e., “If I wait a little longer they will stone me.”
וַיֹּאמֶר יְהֹוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה עֲבֹר לִפְנֵי הָעָם וְקַח אִתְּךָ מִזִּקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וּמַטְּךָ אֲשֶׁר הִכִּיתָ בּוֹ אֶת־הַיְאֹר קַח בְּיָדְךָ וְהָלָֽכְתָּ׃
Adonoy said to Moshe, “Pass to the front of the people and take with you the elders of the [B’nei] Yisrael. The staff with which you struck the river; take in to your hand, and go.
Adonoy said to Moshe, “Pass to the front of the people and take with you the elders of the [B’nei] Yisrael. The staff with which you struck the river; take in to your hand, and go.
Rashi
עבור לפני העם. וראה אם יסקלוך, למה הוצאת לעז על בני:
Pass to the front of the people. “And see whether they will stone you! Why did you slander My children?!”
וקח אתך מזקני ישראל. לעדות, שיראו שעל ידך המים יוצאים מן הצור, ולא יאמרו מעינות היו שם מימי קדם:
And take with you the elders of Yisrael. [As witnesses —]that they may see that it is through you that the waters will come out from the rock, and they will not claim that there were springs there from earlier days.
ומטך אשר הכית בו את היאור. מה תלמוד לומר אשר הכית בו את היאור, אלא שהיו ישראל אומרים על המטה, שאינו מוכן אלא לפורענות, בו לקה פרעה, ומצרים כמה מכות, במצרים ועל הים, לכך נאמר אשר הכית בו את היאור, יראו עתה שאף לטובה הוא מוכן:
The staff with which you struck the river. Why does it state: “with which you struck the river.” But [the answer is:] Because the B’nei Yisrael said of the staff that it was intended only for the purpose of punishment. With it Pharaoh and the Egyptians were struck with many plagues in Egypt and on the sea. Therefore it states: “with which you struck the river.” Now they will see that it was intended also for good.
הִנְנִי עֹמֵד לְפָנֶיךָ שָּׁם ׀ עַֽל־הַצּוּר בְּחֹרֵב וְהִכִּיתָ בַצּוּר וְיָצְאוּ מִמֶּנּוּ מַיִם וְשָׁתָה הָעָם וַיַּעַשׂ כֵּן מֹשֶׁה לְעֵינֵי זִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
Behold, I will stand before you there on the rock in Choreiv. You shall strike the rock and water will come out of it, and the people [will be able] to drink. Moshe did this in the sight [presence] of the elders of the [B’nei] Yisrael.
Behold, I will stand before you there on the rock in Choreiv. You shall strike the rock and water will come out of it, and the people [will be able] to drink. Moshe did this in the sight [presence] of the elders of the [B’nei] Yisrael.
Rashi
והכית בצור. על הצור לא נאמר, אלא בצור, מכאן שהמטה היה של מין דבר חזק ושמו סְנַפִּירִינוֹן, והצור נבקע מפניו.
You shall strike the rock. It does not say עַל הַצּוּר — “onto the rock” but, rather, בַּצּוּר — “into the rock.” From here we can derive that the staff was made of a strong substance called sapphire and the rock was split by it.
וַיִּקְרָא שֵׁם הַמָּקוֹם מַסָּה וּמְרִיבָה עַל־רִיב ׀ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְעַל נַסֹּתָם אֶת־יְהֹוָה לֵאמֹר הֲיֵשׁ יְהֹוָה בְּקִרְבֵּנוּ אִם־אָֽיִן׃ {פ}
He [Moshe] named the place Massah and Merivah because the B’nei Yisrael had quarreled [Merivah] and because they had tested [Massah] Adonoy, saying, “Is Adonoy among us or not?”
He [Moshe] named the place Massah and Merivah because the B’nei Yisrael had quarreled [Merivah] and because they had tested [Massah] Adonoy, saying, “Is Adonoy among us or not?”
מה תנסון. לומר היוכל לתת מים בארץ ציה:
Why are you testing — by saying: “Is He capable of giving water in an arid land?”