כי תצא, שישי

אשה חדשה. שֶׁהִיא חֲדָשָׁה לוֹ וַאֲפִלּוּ אַלְמָנָה, פְּרָט לְמַחֲזִיר גְּרוּשָׁתוֹ (ספרי; סוטה מ"ד):

A new wife. One that is new to him, even if she is a widow. This excludes someone who remarries his divorced wife.

ולא יעבור עליו. דְּבַר הַצָּבָא:

It shall not impose itself over him. The military command.

לכל דבר שֶׁהוּא צֹרֶךְ הַצָּבָא, לֹא לְסַפֵּק מַיִם וּמָזוֹן וְלֹא לְתַקֵּן הַדְּרָכִים, אֲבָל הַחוֹזְרִים מֵעוֹרְכֵי הַמִּלְחָמָה עַל פִּי כֹהֵן, כְּגוֹן בָּנָה בַיִת וְלֹא חֲנָכוֹ אוֹ אֵרַשׂ אִשָּׁה וְלֹא לְקָחָהּ, מַסְפִּיקִין מַיִם וּמָזוֹן וּמְתַקְּנִין אֶת הַדְּרָכִים (שם):

In any matter. Which is needed by the army — not to supply water and food, or to repair the roads. However, those who return from the combat formations by declaration of the kohein — for example, one who built a home but did not inaugurate it, or betrothed a woman but did not marry her — supply water and food, and repair the roads.

יהיה לביתו. אַף בִּשְׁבִיל בֵּיתוֹ, אִם בָּנָה בַיִת וַחֲנָכוֹ וְאִם נָטַע כֶּרֶם וְחִלְּלוֹ אֵינוֹ זָז מִבֵּיתוֹ בִּשְׁבִיל צָרְכֵי הַמִּלְחָמָה:

He shall be . . . for his home. Even for the sake of his home. If he built a home and inaugurated it, or planted a vineyard and redeemed it, he need not budge from his home for the war effort.

יהיה. לְרַבּוֹת אֶת כַּרְמוֹ:

For his home. This refers to his [inaugurated] home.

לביתו. זֶה בֵיתוֹ:

He shall be. This adds his [redeemed] vineyard.

ושמח. יְשַׂמֵּחַ אֶת אִשְׁתּוֹ, וְתַרְגּוּמוֹ "וְיַחְדֵי יָת אִתְּתֵהּ", וְהַמְתַרְגֵּם וְיֶחְדֵּי עִם אִתְּתֵהּ טוֹעֶה הוּא, שֶׁאֵין זֶה תַּרְגּוּם שֶׁל וְשִׂמַּח אֶלָּא שֶׁל וְשָׂמַח:

He shall bring joy. He shall cause his wife to rejoice. Targum also renders “He shall bring joy to his wife.” But one who translates, “He shall rejoice with his wife” is mistaken, for this is not the translation of וְשִׂמַּח, but of וְשָׂמַח .

לא יחבל. אִם בָּא לְמַשְׁכְּנוֹ עַל חוֹבוֹ בְּבֵית דִּין, לֹא יְמַשְׁכְּנֶנּוּ בִּדְבָרִים שֶׁעוֹשִׂים בָּהֶן אֹכֶל נֶפֶשׁ (ב"מ קי"ג):

He may not secure as collateral. If he demands security from him for his debt in court, he may not secure implements of food preparation.

רחים. הִיא הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה:

A mortar. This refers to the lower [utensil].

ורכב. הִיא הָעֶלְיוֹנָה:

Or pestle. This refers to the upper [utensil].

כי ימצא. בְּעֵדִים וְהַתְרָאָה, וְכֵן כָּל "יִמָּצֵא" שֶׁבַּתּוֹרָה:

If a man is apprehended. Through witnesses, and after a warning. Similarly, every “apprehended” in the Torah.

והתעמר בו. אֵינוֹ חַיָּב עַד שֶׁיִּשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ בּוֹ:

And he exploited him. He is only liable if he uses him.

השמר בנגע הצרעת. שֶׁלֹּא תִתְלֹשׁ סִימָנֵי טֻמְאָה וְלֹא תָקֹץ אֶת הַבַּהֶרֶת (מכות כ"ב):

Take precautions with the leprosy affliction. So as not to pluck the symptoms of defilement, or remove the leprous ulcer.

ככל אשר יורו אתכם. אִם לְהַסְגִּיר אִם לְהַחֲלִיט אִם לְטַהֵר:

In accordance with everything that . . . shall instruct you. Whether to place in confinement, condemn, or purify.

זכור את אשר עשה ה' אלהיך למרים. אִם בָּאתָ לְהִזָּהֵר שֶׁלֹּא תִלְקֶה בְּצָרַעַת אַל תְּסַפֵּר לָשׁוֹן הָרָע, זְכֹר הֶעָשׂוּי לְמִרְיָם שֶׁדִּבְּרָה בְאָחִיהָ וְלָקְתָה בִנְגָעִים (עי' ספרי):

Remember what the Adonoy, your God, did to Miriam. If you intend to take precautions to avoid suffering tzora’as, do not engage in slander. Remember what was done to Miriam, who spoke about her brother, and was afflicted with leprous ulcers.

כי תשה ברעך. תָחֹב בַּחֲבֵרְךָ:

If you become your fellow’s creditor. You obligate your fellow.

משאת מאומה. חוֹב שֶׁל כְּלוּם:

For any amount of debt. The slightest debt.

לא תשכב בעבטו. לֹא תִשְׁכַּב וַעֲבוֹטוֹ אֶצְלְךָ (ספרי; בבא מציעא קי"ד):

Do not repose with his collateral. Do not repose with his collateral in your possession.

כבוא השמש. אִם כְּסוּת לַיְלָה הוּא, וְאִם כְּסוּת יוֹם — הַחֲזִירֵהוּ בַבֹּקֶר, וּכְבָר כָּתוּב בִּוְאֵלֶּה הַמִּשְׁפָּטִים (כ"ב) "עַד בֹּא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ תְּשִׁיבֶנּוּ לוֹ" — כָּל הַיּוֹם תְּשִׁיבֶנּוּ לוֹ, וּכְבֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ תִּקָּחֶנּוּ:

At sunset. If it is a night garment. If it is a day garment, return it in the morning. That is already written in “These are the laws” — “Until sunset, return it to him.” Throughout the day, return it to him, at sunset, you may take it.

וברכך. וְאִם אֵינוֹ מְבָרֶכְךָ, מִכָּל מָקוֹם ולך תהיה צדקה (ספרי):

And bless you. And even if he does not bless you, still, “It will be to your credit.”