Tanach
Devarim 22 דברים כ״ב
Part of: Ki TeitzeiKi Teitzei, Aliyah 2Ki Teitzei, Aliyah 3Petuchah, Deuteronomy 22:6Setumah, Deuteronomy 22:1Setumah, Deuteronomy 22:4Setumah, Deuteronomy 22:5Setumah, Deuteronomy 22:8Setumah, Deuteronomy 22:10Setumah, Deuteronomy 22:12Setumah, Deuteronomy 22:13Setumah, Deuteronomy 22:20Setumah, Deuteronomy 22:22Setumah, Deuteronomy 22:23Setumah, Deuteronomy 22:25Setumah, Deuteronomy 22:28
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לֹֽא־תִרְאֶה אֶת־שׁוֹר אָחִיךָ אוֹ אֶת־שֵׂיוֹ נִדָּחִים וְהִתְעַלַּמְתָּ מֵהֶם הָשֵׁב תְּשִׁיבֵם לְאָחִֽיךָ׃
You may not observe your brother’s ox or his sheep lost and conceal yourself from them; you must surely return them to your brother.
You may not observe your brother’s ox or his sheep lost and conceal yourself from them; you must surely return them to your brother.
Rashi
לא תראה … והתעלמת. לֹא תִרְאֶה אוֹתוֹ שֶׁתִּתְעַלֵּם מִמֶּנּוּ, זֶהוּ פְּשׁוּטוֹ. וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ אָמְרוּ פְּעָמִים שֶׁאַתָּה מִתְעַלֵּם וְכוּ' (ספרי; בבא מציעא ל'):
You may not observe . . . and conceal yourself. You may not observe it so as to conceal yourself. This is its plain meaning. The Rabbis, however, comment: At times, you may conceal yourself, etc.
וְאִם־לֹא קָרוֹב אָחִיךָ אֵלֶיךָ וְלֹא יְדַעְתּוֹ וַאֲסַפְתּוֹ אֶל־תּוֹךְ בֵּיתֶךָ וְהָיָה עִמְּךָ עַד דְּרֹשׁ אָחִיךָ אֹתוֹ וַהֲשֵׁבֹתוֹ לֽוֹ׃
But if your brother is not near you or you do not know him, gather it into your house and let it stay with you until your brother seeks it, when you must return it to him.
But if your brother is not near you or you do not know him, gather it into your house and let it stay with you until your brother seeks it, when you must return it to him.
Rashi
עד דרש אחיך. וְכִי תַעֲלֶה עַל דַּעְתְּךָ שֶׁיִּתְּנֵהוּ לוֹ קֹדֶם שֶׁיִּדְרְשֵׁהוּ? אֶלָּא דָּרְשֵׁהוּ שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא רַמַּאי (בבא מציעא כ"ז; עי' ספרי):
Until your brother seeks. Would it seem reasonable to return it to him before he seeks it? But, rather, inquire after him, lest he is a swindler.
והשבתו לו. שֶׁתְּהֵא בוֹ הֲשָׁבָה, שֶׁלֹּא יֹאכַל בְּבֵיתְךָ כְּדֵי דָּמָיו וְתִתְבָּעֵם מִמֶּנּוּ. מִכָּאן אָמְרוּ, כָּל דָּבָר שֶׁעוֹשֶׂה וְאוֹכֵל יַעֲשֶׂה וְיֹאכַל וְשֶׁאֵינוֹ עוֹשֶׂה וְאוֹכֵל יִמָּכֵר (בבא מציעא כ"ח):
When you must return it to him. Provided there is a return — but not if it eats in your home the equivalent of its value, which you then claim from him. From here, they ruled: Everything which produces and eats, shall produce and eat; which does not produce and eat, shall be sold.
וְכֵן תַּעֲשֶׂה לַחֲמֹרוֹ וְכֵן תַּעֲשֶׂה לְשִׂמְלָתוֹ וְכֵן תַּעֲשֶׂה לְכׇל־אֲבֵדַת אָחִיךָ אֲשֶׁר־תֹּאבַד מִמֶּנּוּ וּמְצָאתָהּ לֹא תוּכַל לְהִתְעַלֵּֽם׃ {ס}
And so are you to do for his donkey, and so are you to do for his garment, and so are you to do for any lost object of your brother’s that is lost from him which you find. You may not conceal yourself.
And so are you to do for his donkey, and so are you to do for his garment, and so are you to do for any lost object of your brother’s that is lost from him which you find. You may not conceal yourself.
Rashi
לא תוכל להתעלם. לִכְבֹּשׁ עֵינְךָ כְּאִלּוּ אֵינְךָ רוֹאֶה אוֹתוֹ:
You may not conceal yourself. By averting your eyes as if you don’t notice it.
לֹא־תִרְאֶה אֶת־חֲמוֹר אָחִיךָ אוֹ שׁוֹרוֹ נֹפְלִים בַּדֶּרֶךְ וְהִתְעַלַּמְתָּ מֵהֶם הָקֵם תָּקִים עִמּֽוֹ׃ {ס}
Do not observe your brother’s donkey or his ox collapsing on the road and ignore them. You must surely lift it up with him.
Do not observe your brother’s donkey or his ox collapsing on the road and ignore them. You must surely lift it up with him.
Rashi
הקם תקים. זוֹ טְעִינָה – לְהַטְעִין מַשּׂאוֹי שֶׁנָּפַל מֵעָלָיו:
You must surely lift it up with him. This refers to loading — to load the cargo which fell from it.
עמו. עִם בְּעָלָיו, אֲבָל אִם הָלַךְ וְיָשַׁב לוֹ וְאָמַר לוֹ הוֹאִיל וְעָלֶיךָ מִצְוָה אִם רָצִיתָ לִטְעֹן טְעֹן, פָּטוּר (שם ל"ב):
With him. [With] its owner. But if he walked off and sat down, and said to him, ‘Since you were commanded, load if you will,’ he is exempt.
לֹא־יִהְיֶה כְלִי־גֶבֶר עַל־אִשָּׁה וְלֹא־יִלְבַּשׁ גֶּבֶר שִׂמְלַת אִשָּׁה כִּי תוֹעֲבַת יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ כׇּל־עֹשֵׂה אֵֽלֶּה׃ {פ}
A man’s attire may not be on a woman nor may a man wear a woman’s garment; for the abomination of Adonoy, your God, are all who do these [things].
A man’s attire may not be on a woman nor may a man wear a woman’s garment; for the abomination of Adonoy, your God, are all who do these [things].
Rashi
לא יהיה כלי גבר על אשה. שֶׁתְּהֵא דּוֹמָה לְאִישׁ, כְּדֵי שֶׁתֵּלֵךְ בֵּין הָאֲנָשִׁים, שֶׁאֵין זוֹ אֶלָּא לְשֵׁם נִאוּף (עי' ספרי):
A man’s attire may not be on a woman. So that she resembles a man, in order to mingle with men — this can only be for the purpose of promiscuous behavior.
ולא ילבש גבר שמלת אשה. לֵילֵךְ לֵישֵׁב בֵּין הַנָּשִׁים. דָּ"אַ — שֶׁלֹּא יַשִּׁיר שְׂעַר הָעֶרְוָה וְשֵׂעָר שֶׁל בֵּית הַשֶּׁחִי (נזיר נ"ט):
Nor may a man wear a woman’s garment. In order to take a place among women. Another interpretation: He may not shave the pubic hairs, or under the armpits.
כי תועבת. לֹא אָסְרָה תוֹרָה אֶלָּא לְבוּשׁ הַמֵּבִיא לִידֵי תוֹעֵבָה (עי' ספרי):
For the abomination. The Torah prohibited only garments leading to abomination.
כִּי יִקָּרֵא *(בספרי תימן קַן בקו״ף גדולה)קַן־צִפּוֹר ׀ לְפָנֶיךָ בַּדֶּרֶךְ בְּכׇל־עֵץ ׀ אוֹ עַל־הָאָרֶץ אֶפְרֹחִים אוֹ בֵיצִים וְהָאֵם רֹבֶצֶת עַל־הָֽאֶפְרֹחִים אוֹ עַל־הַבֵּיצִים לֹא־תִקַּח הָאֵם עַל־הַבָּנִֽים׃
If you should chance upon a bird’s nest before you on the road in any tree, or on the ground, [with] fledglings or eggs, and the mother is sitting on the fledglings or on the eggs; do not take the mother with her offspring.
If you should chance upon a bird’s nest before you on the road in any tree, or on the ground, [with] fledglings or eggs, and the mother is sitting on the fledglings or on the eggs; do not take the mother with her offspring.
Rashi
כי יקרא. פְּרָט לִמְזֻמָּן (חולין קל"ט):
If you should chance. This excludes a nest owned beforehand.
לא תקח האם. בְּעוֹדָהּ עַל בָּנֶיהָ:
Do not take the mother. While on top of her young.
שַׁלֵּחַ תְּשַׁלַּח אֶת־הָאֵם וְאֶת־הַבָּנִים תִּֽקַּֽח־לָךְ לְמַעַן יִיטַב לָךְ וְהַאֲרַכְתָּ יָמִֽים׃ {ס}
You must surely send away the mother and the offspring take for yourself, so that you will benefit and you will live long.
You must surely send away the mother and the offspring take for yourself, so that you will benefit and you will live long.
Rashi
למען ייטב לך וגו'. אִם מִצְוָה קַלָּה שֶׁאֵין בָּהּ חֶסְרוֹן כִּיס אָמְרָה תוֹרָה "לְמַעַן יִיטַב לָךְ וְהַאֲרַכְתָּ יָמִים", קַל וָחֹמֶר לְמַתַּן שְׂכָרָן שֶׁל מִצְווֹת חֲמוּרוֹת (שם קמ"ב):
So that you will benefit . . . If, with an easily fulfilled commandment, involving no financial loss, the Torah declares, “So that you will benefit and live long”; then certainly with the reward for the difficult commandments.
כִּי תִבְנֶה בַּיִת חָדָשׁ וְעָשִׂיתָ מַעֲקֶה לְגַגֶּךָ וְלֹֽא־תָשִׂים דָּמִים בְּבֵיתֶךָ כִּֽי־יִפֹּל הַנֹּפֵל מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃
When you build a new home, you are to make a fence for your roof; and do not place blood [liability] in your house, for someone who should fall may fall from it.
When you build a new home, you are to make a fence for your roof; and do not place blood [liability] in your house, for someone who should fall may fall from it.
Rashi
כי תבנה בית חדש. אִם קִיַּמְתָּ מִצְוַת שִׁלּוּחַ הַקֵּן, סוֹפְךָ לִבְנוֹת בַּיִת חָדָשׁ, וּתְקַיֵּם מִצְוַת מַעֲקֶה, שֶׁמִּצְוָה גּוֹרֶרֶת מִצְוָה, וְתַגִּיעַ לְכֶרֶם וְשָׂדֶה וְלִבְגָדִים נָאִים, לְכָךְ נִסְמְכוּ פָּרָשִׁיּוֹת הַלָּלוּ (תנחומא):
When you build a new home. If you fulfill the commandment of “sending from the nest,” you will ultimately build a new home and fulfill the commandment of [making] a fence, since one mitzvah engenders another mitzvah. And you will attain a vineyard, a field, and beautiful clothing. This is why these chapters adjoin each other.
מעקה. גָּדֵר סָבִיב לַגַּג, וְאֻנְקְלוֹס תִּרְגֵּם "תְּיָקָא", כְּגוֹן תִּיק שֶׁמְּשַׁמֵּר מַה שֶּׁבְּתוֹכוֹ:
A fence. A fence around the roof. Onkelos translates תְּיָקָא, like תִּיק, “a container,” which protects its contents.
כי יפל הנפל. רָאוּי זֶה לִפֹּל, וְאַעַ"פִּ כֵן לֹא תִתְגַּלְגֵּל מִיתָתוֹ עַל יָדְךָ, שֶׁמְּגַלְגְּלִין זְכוּת עַל יְדֵי זַכַּאי וְחוֹבָה עַל יְדֵי חַיָּב (ספרי):
For someone who should fall may fall. He deserves to fall, but still, let his death not come about through you, as benefit is brought about through the meritorious, and injury through the guilty.
לֹא־תִזְרַע כַּרְמְךָ כִּלְאָיִם פֶּן־תִּקְדַּשׁ הַֽמְלֵאָה הַזֶּרַע אֲשֶׁר תִּזְרָע וּתְבוּאַת הַכָּֽרֶם׃ {ס}
Do not plant in your vineyard mixed species, lest the expansion become obnoxious—the seed that you plant—and the produce of the vineyard.
Do not plant in your vineyard mixed species, lest the expansion become obnoxious—the seed that you plant—and the produce of the vineyard.
Rashi
כלאים. חִטָּה וּשְׂעוֹרָה וְחַרְצָן בְּמַפֹּלֶת יָד (ברכות כ"ב):
Mixed species. Wheat, barley, and grapeseed, within a hand fling.
פן תקדש. כְּתַרְגוּמוֹ "תִּסְתָּאַב", כָּל דָּבָר הַנִּתְעָב עַל הָאָדָם, בֵּין לְשֶׁבַח כְּגוֹן הֶקְדֵּשׁ, בֵּין לִגְנַאי כְּגוֹן אִסּוּר, נוֹפֵל בּוֹ לְשׁוֹן קִדּוּשׁ, כְּמוֹ "אַל תִּגַּשׁ בִּי כִּי קִדַּשְׁתִּיךָ" (ישעיהו ס"ה):
Lest . . . becomes obnoxious. As Targum [Onkelos] renders, “becomes obnoxious.” Anything obnoxious to a person, whether laudable, as with sacred objects, or detestable, as with forbidden objects, is described by the term “obnoxious,” as in, “Do not approach me, for I have rendered you obnoxious.”
(המלאה. זֶה מִלּוּי וְתוֹסֶפֶת שֶׁהַזֶּרַע מוֹסִיף):
The expansion. This refers to the fullness and enlargement generated by the seed.
לֹֽא־תַחֲרֹשׁ בְּשׁוֹר־וּבַחֲמֹר יַחְדָּֽו׃
You may not plow with an ox and with a donkey together.
You may not plow with an ox and with a donkey together.
Rashi
לא תחרש בשור ובחמור. הוּא הַדִּין לְכָל שְׁנֵי מִינִים שֶׁבָּעוֹלָם (בבא קמא נ"ד), הוּא הַדִּין לְהַנְהִיגָם יַחַד קְשׁוּרִים זוּגִים בְּהוֹלָכַת שׁוּם מַשָּׂא (כלאים פ"ח מ"ב):
You may not plow with an ox and a donkey. This applies, as well, to any two species in the universe, and applies, as well, to leading them together, harnessed as a pair, in transporting any kind of burden.
לֹא תִלְבַּשׁ שַֽׁעַטְנֵז צֶמֶר וּפִשְׁתִּים יַחְדָּֽו׃ {ס}
Do not don a mixture of threads, wool and flax together.
Do not don a mixture of threads, wool and flax together.
Rashi
שעטנז. לְשׁוֹן עֵרוּב. וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ פֵּרְשׁוּ — שׁוּעַ טָווּי וְנוּז (ספרי):
A mixture of threads. The meaning is “a mixture.” The Rabbis interpret, combed, spun, and woven.
גְּדִלִים תַּעֲשֶׂה־לָּךְ עַל־אַרְבַּע כַּנְפוֹת כְּסוּתְךָ אֲשֶׁר תְּכַסֶּה־בָּֽהּ׃ {ס}
Make yourself pendant threads upon four corners of your garment that you cover with.
Make yourself pendant threads upon four corners of your garment that you cover with.
Rashi
גדלים תעשה לך. אַף מִן הַכִּלְאַיִם, לְכָךְ סְמָכָן הַכָּתוּב (יבמות ד'):
Make yourself pendant threads. Even out of the כִּלְאַיִם mixture — this is why Scripture places them near each other.
כִּֽי־יִקַּח אִישׁ אִשָּׁה וּבָא אֵלֶיהָ וּשְׂנֵאָֽהּ׃
If a man marries a woman, and he has relations with her and hates her.
If a man marries a woman, and he has relations with her and hates her.
Rashi
ובא אליה ושנאה. סוֹפוֹ,
He has relations with her and hates her. he will ultimately . . .
וְשָׂם לָהּ עֲלִילֹת דְּבָרִים וְהוֹצִא עָלֶיהָ שֵׁם רָע וְאָמַר אֶת־הָאִשָּׁה הַזֹּאת לָקַחְתִּי וָאֶקְרַב אֵלֶיהָ וְלֹא־מָצָאתִי לָהּ בְּתוּלִֽים׃
Then berates her with calumnies and alleges defamation about her, and he claims, ‘‘I married this woman and was intimate with her, and did not find signs of her virginity.’’
Then berates her with calumnies and alleges defamation about her, and he claims, ‘‘I married this woman and was intimate with her, and did not find signs of her virginity.’’
Rashi
ושם לה עלילת דברים – עֲבֵרָה גּוֹרֶרֶת עֲבֵרָה, עָבַר עַל לֹא תִשְׂנָא, סוֹפוֹ לָבֹא לִידֵי לָשׁוֹן הָרָע (עי' ספרי):
berate her with calumnies. One transgression engenders another. He transgressed “Do not hate” — he will ultimately reach the point of malicious slander.
את האשה הזאת. מִכָּאן שֶׁאֵין אוֹמֵר דָּבָר אֶלָּא בִּפְנֵי בַעַל דִּין (שם):
This woman. We derive from here that no statement may be made except in the presence of the defendant.
וְלָקַח אֲבִי הַֽנַּעֲרָ וְאִמָּהּ וְהוֹצִיאוּ אֶת־בְּתוּלֵי הַֽנַּעֲרָ אֶל־זִקְנֵי הָעִיר הַשָּֽׁעְרָה׃
The girl’s father and mother will take and will prove the girl’s virginity to the city judges in the court.
The girl’s father and mother will take and will prove the girl’s virginity to the city judges in the court.
Rashi
אבי הנערה ואמה. מִי שֶׁגִּדְּלוּ גִּדּוּלִים הָרָעִים יִתְבַּזּוּ עָלֶיהָ (עי' שם):
The girl’s father and mother. Those who nurtured the evil branch must suffer humiliation over it.
וְאָמַר אֲבִי הַֽנַּעֲרָ אֶל־הַזְּקֵנִים אֶת־בִּתִּי נָתַתִּי לָאִישׁ הַזֶּה לְאִשָּׁה וַיִּשְׂנָאֶֽהָ׃
The girl’s father should assert to the judges, ‘‘My daughter did I marry to this man as a wife and he hates her.
The girl’s father should assert to the judges, ‘‘My daughter did I marry to this man as a wife and he hates her.
Rashi
ואמר אבי הנערה. מְלַמֵּד שֶׁאֵין רְשׁוּת לָאִשָּׁה לְדַבֵּר בִּפְנֵי הָאִישׁ (שם):
The girl’s father should assert. This teaches that a woman is not permitted to speak before a man.
וְהִנֵּה־הוּא שָׂם עֲלִילֹת דְּבָרִים לֵאמֹר לֹֽא־מָצָאתִי לְבִתְּךָ בְּתוּלִים וְאֵלֶּה בְּתוּלֵי בִתִּי וּפָֽרְשׂוּ הַשִּׂמְלָה לִפְנֵי זִקְנֵי הָעִֽיר׃
Look! He has promulgated libelous words, claiming ‘I did not find signs of your daughter’s virginity.’ But this is [the proof of] my daughter’s virginity.’’ And let them spread the cloth before the city judges.
Look! He has promulgated libelous words, claiming ‘I did not find signs of your daughter’s virginity.’ But this is [the proof of] my daughter’s virginity.’’ And let them spread the cloth before the city judges.
Rashi
ופרשו השמלה. הֲרֵי זֶה מָשָׁל, מְחֻוָּרִין הַדְּבָרִים כַּשִּׂמְלָה (שם; כתובות שם):
Let them spread the cloth. This is figurative — the matter is as clearcut as a cloth.
וְלָקְחוּ זִקְנֵי הָֽעִיר־הַהִוא אֶת־הָאִישׁ וְיִסְּרוּ אֹתֽוֹ׃
The judges of that city will take the man and will chastise him.
The judges of that city will take the man and will chastise him.
Rashi
ויסרו אתו. מַלְקוּת (שם):
And chastise him. Flogging.
וְעָנְשׁוּ אֹתוֹ מֵאָה כֶסֶף וְנָתְנוּ לַאֲבִי הַֽנַּעֲרָה כִּי הוֹצִיא שֵׁם רָע עַל בְּתוּלַת יִשְׂרָאֵל וְלֽוֹ־תִהְיֶה לְאִשָּׁה לֹא־יוּכַל לְשַׁלְּחָהּ כׇּל־יָמָֽיו׃ {ס}
And they will fine him one hundred silver [shekels] and give [them] to the girl’s father, because he defamed a virgin of Yisroel; and she shall remain his wife, he may not divorce her all his life.
And they will fine him one hundred silver [shekels] and give [them] to the girl’s father, because he defamed a virgin of Yisroel; and she shall remain his wife, he may not divorce her all his life.
וְאִם־אֱמֶת הָיָה הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה לֹא־נִמְצְאוּ בְתוּלִים לַֽנַּעֲרָֽ׃
However, if the allegation is true; signs of the girl’s virginity were not found.
However, if the allegation is true; signs of the girl’s virginity were not found.
Rashi
ואם אמת היה הדבר. בְּעֵדִים וְהַתְרָאָה, שֶׁזִּנְּתָה לְאַחַר אֵרוּסִין (כתובות מ"ד):
However, if the allegation is true. Through witnesses, and with a pre-warning, that she committed adultery after her אֵירוּסִין — marriage.
וְהוֹצִיאוּ אֶת־הַֽנַּעֲרָ אֶל־פֶּתַח בֵּית־אָבִיהָ וּסְקָלוּהָ אַנְשֵׁי עִירָהּ בָּאֲבָנִים וָמֵתָה כִּֽי־עָשְׂתָה נְבָלָה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל לִזְנוֹת בֵּית אָבִיהָ וּבִֽעַרְתָּ הָרָע מִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ׃ {ס}
They are to take the girl out to the entrance of her father’s home and the people of her city will stone her with stones to death, because she committed a disgraceful act against Yisroel by behaving promiscuously [in] her father’s house; and you will eliminate the evil within you.
They are to take the girl out to the entrance of her father’s home and the people of her city will stone her with stones to death, because she committed a disgraceful act against Yisroel by behaving promiscuously [in] her father’s house; and you will eliminate the evil within you.
Rashi
אל פתח בית אביה. רְאוּ גִּדּוּלִים שֶׁגִּדַּלְתֶּם (שם מ"ה):
To the entrance of her father’s home. Look at the branch you nurtured.
אנשי עירה. בְּמַעֲמַד כָּל אַנְשֵׁי עִירָהּ (ספרי):
The people of her city. In the presence of all the people of her city.
לזנות בית אביה. כְּמוֹ בְּבֵית אָבִיהָ:
Behaving promiscuously [in] her father’s house. As if it had said “in” her father’s house.
כִּֽי־יִמָּצֵא אִישׁ שֹׁכֵב ׀ עִם־אִשָּׁה בְעֻֽלַת־בַּעַל וּמֵתוּ גַּם־שְׁנֵיהֶם הָאִישׁ הַשֹּׁכֵב עִם־הָאִשָּׁה וְהָאִשָּׁה וּבִֽעַרְתָּ הָרָע מִיִּשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ {ס}
If a man is found having intercourse with a woman who is the wife of a man, even both of them shall die—the man who had intercourse with the woman and the woman—and you will eliminate the evil from Yisroel.
If a man is found having intercourse with a woman who is the wife of a man, even both of them shall die—the man who had intercourse with the woman and the woman—and you will eliminate the evil from Yisroel.
Rashi
ומתו גם שניהם. לְהוֹצִיא מַעֲשֵׂה חִדּוּדִים שֶׁאֵין הָאִשָּׁה נֶהֱנֵית מֵהֶם (ספרי; סנהדרין ס"ו):
Even both of them shall die. This excludes lascivious activity from which the woman does not derive pleasure.
גם. לְרַבּוֹת הַבָּאִים אַחֲרֵיהֶם (ספרי); דָּבָר אַחֵר, גם שניהם לְרַבּוֹת אֶת הַוָּלָד, שֶׁאִם הָיְתָה מְעֻבֶּרֶת אֵין מַמְתִּינִין לָהּ עַד שֶׁתֵּלֵד (ערכין ז'):
Even. This adds those following them. (Another version of Rashi’s text: “those committing sodomy.”) Another interpretation: “Even both of them” adds the fetus — if she was pregnant, we do not wait until she gives birth.
כִּי יִהְיֶה נַעֲרָ בְתוּלָה מְאֹרָשָׂה לְאִישׁ וּמְצָאָהּ אִישׁ בָּעִיר וְשָׁכַב עִמָּֽהּ׃
If there will be a virgin girl married to a man, and a man encounters her in the city and has intercourse with her,
If there will be a virgin girl married to a man, and a man encounters her in the city and has intercourse with her,
Rashi
ומצאה איש בעיר. לְפִיכָךְ שָׁכַב עִמָּהּ – פִּרְצָה קוֹרְאָה לַגַּנָּב, הָא אִלּוּ יָשְׁבָה בְּבֵיתָהּ, לֹא אֵרַע לָהּ (ספרי):
And a man encounters her in the city. This is why he was intimate with her — the breach summons the thief. But if she had remained at home, this would not have occurred to her.
וְהוֹצֵאתֶם אֶת־שְׁנֵיהֶם אֶל־שַׁעַר ׀ הָעִיר הַהִוא וּסְקַלְתֶּם אֹתָם בָּאֲבָנִים וָמֵתוּ אֶת־הַֽנַּעֲרָ עַל־דְּבַר אֲשֶׁר לֹא־צָעֲקָה בָעִיר וְאֶת־הָאִישׁ עַל־דְּבַר אֲשֶׁר־עִנָּה אֶת־אֵשֶׁת רֵעֵהוּ וּבִֽעַרְתָּ הָרָע מִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ׃ {ס}
You are to take them both out to the court of that city and stone them with stones to death, the girl for the fact that she did not scream in the city and the man for the fact that he oppressed the wife of his peer; and you will eliminate the evil within you.
You are to take them both out to the court of that city and stone them with stones to death, the girl for the fact that she did not scream in the city and the man for the fact that he oppressed the wife of his peer; and you will eliminate the evil within you.
וְֽאִם־בַּשָּׂדֶה יִמְצָא הָאִישׁ אֶת־הַֽנַּעֲרָ הַמְאֹרָשָׂה וְהֶחֱזִֽיק־בָּהּ הָאִישׁ וְשָׁכַב עִמָּהּ וּמֵת הָאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־שָׁכַב עִמָּהּ לְבַדּֽוֹ׃
But if in the field the man encounters the married girl, and the man holds her and had intercourse with her; then he shall die—only the man who had intercourse with her.
But if in the field the man encounters the married girl, and the man holds her and had intercourse with her; then he shall die—only the man who had intercourse with her.
וְלַֽנַּעֲרָ לֹא־תַעֲשֶׂה דָבָר אֵין לַֽנַּעֲרָ חֵטְא מָוֶת כִּי כַּאֲשֶׁר יָקוּם אִישׁ עַל־רֵעֵהוּ וּרְצָחוֹ נֶפֶשׁ כֵּן הַדָּבָר הַזֶּֽה׃
But to the girl you will not do a thing, the girl has no death liability; for, just as if a man rises up against his peer and murders him, so is this matter.
But to the girl you will not do a thing, the girl has no death liability; for, just as if a man rises up against his peer and murders him, so is this matter.
Rashi
כי כאשר יקום וגו'. לְפִי פְשׁוּטוֹ זֶהוּ מַשְׁמָעוֹ: כִּי אֲנוּסָה הִיא וּבְחָזְקָה עָמַד עָלֶיהָ, כְּאָדָם הָעוֹמֵד עַל חֲבֵרוֹ לְהָרְגוֹ. וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ דָּרְשׁוּ בוֹ הֲרֵי זֶה בָא לְלַמֵּד וְנִמְצָא לָמֵד וְכוּ' (סנהדרין ע"ג):
For, just as if a man rises up, etc. According to the plain interpretation, this is its meaning; ‘For she was coerced, he overpowered her, similar to a man who rises up against his fellow murderously.’ Our Sages expound, here, ‘This appears to teach, but subsequently learns, etc.’
כִּי בַשָּׂדֶה מְצָאָהּ צָעֲקָה הַֽנַּעֲרָ הַמְאֹרָשָׂה וְאֵין מוֹשִׁיעַ לָֽהּ׃ {ס}
For he encountered her in the field; the married girl screamed, but there was no one to rescue her.
For he encountered her in the field; the married girl screamed, but there was no one to rescue her.
כִּֽי־יִמְצָא אִישׁ נַעֲרָ בְתוּלָה אֲשֶׁר לֹא־אֹרָשָׂה וּתְפָשָׂהּ וְשָׁכַב עִמָּהּ וְנִמְצָֽאוּ׃
If a man encounters a virgin girl who was not married and grabs her and has intercourse with her; and they are discovered.
If a man encounters a virgin girl who was not married and grabs her and has intercourse with her; and they are discovered.
וְנָתַן הָאִישׁ הַשֹּׁכֵב עִמָּהּ לַאֲבִי הַֽנַּעֲרָ חֲמִשִּׁים כָּסֶף וְלֽוֹ־תִהְיֶה לְאִשָּׁה תַּחַת אֲשֶׁר עִנָּהּ לֹא־יוּכַל שַׁלְּחָהּ כׇּל־יָמָֽיו׃ {ס}
The man who had intercourse with her must give to the girl’s father fifty silver [shekels]; and she shall be his wife, since he oppressed her; he may not divorce her all his life.
The man who had intercourse with her must give to the girl’s father fifty silver [shekels]; and she shall be his wife, since he oppressed her; he may not divorce her all his life.
Where next
Keep reading
- Chapter 21
- Chapter 23
- Ki Teitzei Parsha
והתעלמת. כּוֹבֵשׁ עַיִן כְּאִלּוּ אֵינוֹ רוֹאֵהוּ:
And conceal yourself. Avert your eyes as if you don’t notice it.