Shemot
Vayakhel, Aliyah 7 ויקהל, שביעי
Part of: VayakhelVayakhel, Aliyah 7Chapter 38Setumah, Exodus 38:1Setumah, Exodus 38:8Setumah, Exodus 38:9
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Shemot 38
וַיַּעַשׂ אֶת־מִזְבַּח הָעֹלָה עֲצֵי שִׁטִּים חָמֵשׁ אַמּוֹת אׇרְכּוֹ וְחָֽמֵשׁ־אַמּוֹת רׇחְבּוֹ רָבוּעַ וְשָׁלֹשׁ אַמּוֹת קֹמָתֽוֹ׃
He made the burnt-offering altar out of acacia wood. It was five amohs long and five amohs wide, it was square, and three amohs high.
He made the burnt-offering altar out of acacia wood. It was five amohs long and five amohs wide, it was square, and three amohs high.
וַיַּעַשׂ קַרְנֹתָיו עַל אַרְבַּע פִּנֹּתָיו מִמֶּנּוּ הָיוּ קַרְנֹתָיו וַיְצַף אֹתוֹ נְחֹֽשֶׁת׃
He made its raised projections on its four corners. Its raised projections were one piece with it, and he overlaid it with copper.
He made its raised projections on its four corners. Its raised projections were one piece with it, and he overlaid it with copper.
וַיַּעַשׂ אֶֽת־כׇּל־כְּלֵי הַמִּזְבֵּחַ אֶת־הַסִּירֹת וְאֶת־הַיָּעִים וְאֶת־הַמִּזְרָקֹת אֶת־הַמִּזְלָגֹת וְאֶת־הַמַּחְתֹּת כׇּל־כֵּלָיו עָשָׂה נְחֹֽשֶׁת׃
He made all the vessels of the altar, its pots, its scoops, its basins, its flesh-hooks, and its fire pans. He made all of its vessels out of copper.
He made all the vessels of the altar, its pots, its scoops, its basins, its flesh-hooks, and its fire pans. He made all of its vessels out of copper.
וַיַּעַשׂ לַמִּזְבֵּחַ מִכְבָּר מַעֲשֵׂה רֶשֶׁת נְחֹשֶׁת תַּחַת כַּרְכֻּבּוֹ מִלְּמַטָּה עַד־חֶצְיֽוֹ׃
He made for the altar a grate of copper netting, under its rim extending downward, (so that the grate reached) to the middle of the altar.
He made for the altar a grate of copper netting, under its rim extending downward, (so that the grate reached) to the middle of the altar.
וַיִּצֹק אַרְבַּע טַבָּעֹת בְּאַרְבַּע הַקְּצָוֺת לְמִכְבַּר הַנְּחֹשֶׁת בָּתִּים לַבַּדִּֽים׃
He cast four rings on the four corners of the copper grating to house the poles.
He cast four rings on the four corners of the copper grating to house the poles.
וַיַּעַשׂ אֶת־הַבַּדִּים עֲצֵי שִׁטִּים וַיְצַף אֹתָם נְחֹֽשֶׁת׃
He made the poles of acacia wood, and overlaid them with copper.
He made the poles of acacia wood, and overlaid them with copper.
וַיָּבֵא אֶת־הַבַּדִּים בַּטַּבָּעֹת עַל צַלְעֹת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ לָשֵׂאת אֹתוֹ בָּהֶם נְבוּב לֻחֹת עָשָׂה אֹתֽוֹ׃ {ס}
He placed the poles into the rings that were on the (two) sides of the altar to carry it with them. He made it a hollow structure constructed from boards.
He placed the poles into the rings that were on the (two) sides of the altar to carry it with them. He made it a hollow structure constructed from boards.
Rashi
נבוב לוחות. הלוחות של עצי שטים לכל רוח, והחלל באמצע:
Hollow boards. The boards of acacia wood were on all sides [thereby creating] the hollow in the middle.
וַיַּעַשׂ אֵת הַכִּיּוֹר נְחֹשֶׁת וְאֵת כַּנּוֹ נְחֹשֶׁת בְּמַרְאֹת הַצֹּבְאֹת אֲשֶׁר צָֽבְאוּ פֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵֽד׃ {ס}
He made the basin out of copper and its base out of copper, from the mirrors of the women who had gathered at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting.
He made the basin out of copper and its base out of copper, from the mirrors of the women who had gathered at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting.
Rashi
במראות הצובאות. בנות ישראל היו בידן מראות, שרואות בהן כשהן מתקשטות, ואף אותן לא עכבו מלהביא לנדבת המשכן, והיה מואס משה בהן, מפני שעשוים ליצר הרע, אמר לו הקב"ה קבל, כי אלו חביבין עלי מן הכל, שעל ידיהם העמידו הנשים צבאות רבות במצרים, כשהיו בעליהם יגעים בעבודת פרך, היו הולכות ומוליכות להם מאכל ומשתה ומאכילות אותם, ונוטלות המראות, וכל אחת רואה עצמה עם בעלה במראה, ומשדלתו בדברים, לומר אני נאה ממך, ומתוך כך מביאות לבעליהם לידי תאוה, ונזקקות להם, ומתעברות ויולדות שם, שנאמר תַּחַת הַתַּפּוּחַ עֹורַרְתִּיךָ (שיר השירים ח, ה), וזה שנאמר במראות הצובאות, ונעשה הכיור מהם, שהוא לשום שלום בין איש לאשתו, להשקות ממים שבתוכו למי שקנא לה בעלה ונסתרה, ותדע לך שהן מראות ממש, שהרי נאמר ונחשת התנופה שבעים ככר וגו' ויעש בה וגו', וכיור וכנו לא הוזכרו שם, למדת, שלא היה נחשת של כיור מנחשת התנופה, כך דרש רבי תנחומא (פקודי ט), וכן תרגם אונקלוס בְּמֶחְזְיַת נְשַׁיָא, והוא תרגום של מראות, מירוא"ש בלע"ז (שפיעגעל), וכן מצינו בישעיה (ג, כג), וְהַגִּלְיֹנִים, מתרגמינן וּמֶחְזְיָתָא:
From the mirrors of the women who had gathered. The daughters of Israel possessed mirrors into which they would look when adorning themselves. Even those they did not withhold from bringing as a contribution for the mishkon. However, Moshe found them repulsive since their purpose is to incite the evil inclination. God said to him: Accept [them], for these are dearer to me than everything else because through them the women raised huge multitudes in Egypt. When their husbands were exhausted from their crushing labor they (the women) would go and bring them food and drink and feed them. They would then take the mirrors and each one would look at herself and her husband in the mirror, and entice him with words, saying, “See! I am more beautiful than you,” thereby awakening their husbands’ desire and they would cohabit with them. They conceived and gave birth there. As is stated: “Under the apple-tree did I arouse you.” That is the intent of what is said: “By the mirrors of the צֹבְאוֹת .” The wash-basin was made out of them for it serves to bring about peace between a man and his wife, by giving to drink from the waters inside it to anyone whose husband expressed jealousy and she, nevertheless, concealed herself [with another man]. You can know yourself that these were actual mirrors, for it is stated: “The total copper donation was seventy kikar, etc. and he made from it, etc.” whereas the wash-basin and its base are not mentioned there. Hence you have learned that the copper of the wash-basin was not from the donated copper. Thus did Rabbi Tanchuma explain it. Onkelos also translates it this way: בְמֶחְזְיַת of the women [בְּמֶחְזְיַת] being the Aramaic for “mirrors,” mireors in Old French. We find the like in Yeshaiyahu: “וְהַגִּלְיֹנִים — “and the mirrors” which is translated מֶחְזְיָתָא .
אשר צבאו. להביא נדבתן:
Who had gathered — to bring their contribution.
וַיַּעַשׂ אֶת־הֶחָצֵר לִפְאַת ׀ נֶגֶב תֵּימָנָה קַלְעֵי הֶֽחָצֵר שֵׁשׁ מׇשְׁזָר מֵאָה בָּאַמָּֽה׃
He made the enclosure (for the mishkon). On the south side the curtains for the enclosure were made of fine, twined linen, one hundred amohs long.
He made the enclosure (for the mishkon). On the south side the curtains for the enclosure were made of fine, twined linen, one hundred amohs long.
עַמּוּדֵיהֶם עֶשְׂרִים וְאַדְנֵיהֶם עֶשְׂרִים נְחֹשֶׁת וָוֵי הָעַמּוּדִים וַחֲשֻׁקֵיהֶם כָּֽסֶף׃
It had twenty pillars and twenty copper sockets. The hooks and bands of the pillars were of silver.
It had twenty pillars and twenty copper sockets. The hooks and bands of the pillars were of silver.
וְלִפְאַת צָפוֹן מֵאָה בָֽאַמָּה עַמּוּדֵיהֶם עֶשְׂרִים וְאַדְנֵיהֶם עֶשְׂרִים נְחֹשֶׁת וָוֵי הָֽעַמּוּדִים וַחֲשֻׁקֵיהֶם כָּֽסֶף׃
On the north side, (its length was) one hundred amohs. It had twenty pillars and twenty copper sockets. The hooks and bands of the pillars were of silver.
On the north side, (its length was) one hundred amohs. It had twenty pillars and twenty copper sockets. The hooks and bands of the pillars were of silver.
וְלִפְאַת־יָם קְלָעִים חֲמִשִּׁים בָּֽאַמָּה עַמּוּדֵיהֶם עֲשָׂרָה וְאַדְנֵיהֶם עֲשָׂרָה וָוֵי הָעַמֻּדִים וַחֲשׁוּקֵיהֶם כָּֽסֶף׃
On the west side, the curtains were of fifty amohs. It had ten pillars and ten sockets. The hooks and bands of the pillars were of silver.
On the west side, the curtains were of fifty amohs. It had ten pillars and ten sockets. The hooks and bands of the pillars were of silver.
וְלִפְאַת קֵדְמָה מִזְרָחָה חֲמִשִּׁים אַמָּֽה׃
(The width of the enclosure) on the east side was fifty amohs.
(The width of the enclosure) on the east side was fifty amohs.
קְלָעִים חֲמֵשׁ־עֶשְׂרֵה אַמָּה אֶל־הַכָּתֵף עַמּוּדֵיהֶם שְׁלֹשָׁה וְאַדְנֵיהֶם שְׁלֹשָֽׁה׃
Curtains fifteen amohs long were on one flank (of the entrance). They had three pillars and three sockets.
Curtains fifteen amohs long were on one flank (of the entrance). They had three pillars and three sockets.
וְלַכָּתֵף הַשֵּׁנִית מִזֶּה וּמִזֶּה לְשַׁעַר הֶֽחָצֵר קְלָעִים חֲמֵשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה אַמָּה עַמֻּדֵיהֶם שְׁלֹשָׁה וְאַדְנֵיהֶם שְׁלֹשָֽׁה׃
The other flank, on either side of the gate to the enclosure (there also were) curtains fifteen amohs long. They (too) had three pillars and three sockets.
The other flank, on either side of the gate to the enclosure (there also were) curtains fifteen amohs long. They (too) had three pillars and three sockets.
כׇּל־קַלְעֵי הֶחָצֵר סָבִיב שֵׁשׁ מׇשְׁזָֽר׃
All curtains around the enclosure were made of twined, fine linen.
All curtains around the enclosure were made of twined, fine linen.
וְהָאֲדָנִים לָֽעַמֻּדִים נְחֹשֶׁת וָוֵי הָֽעַמּוּדִים וַחֲשׁוּקֵיהֶם כֶּסֶף וְצִפּוּי רָאשֵׁיהֶם כָּסֶף וְהֵם מְחֻשָּׁקִים כֶּסֶף כֹּל עַמֻּדֵי הֶחָצֵֽר׃
The sockets for the pillars were of copper, the hooks and bands of the pillars were of silver, and the covering of their tops was of silver. All pillars of the enclosure had silver bands.
The sockets for the pillars were of copper, the hooks and bands of the pillars were of silver, and the covering of their tops was of silver. All pillars of the enclosure had silver bands.
וּמָסַךְ שַׁעַר הֶחָצֵר מַעֲשֵׂה רֹקֵם תְּכֵלֶת וְאַרְגָּמָן וְתוֹלַעַת שָׁנִי וְשֵׁשׁ מׇשְׁזָר וְעֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה אֹרֶךְ וְקוֹמָה בְרֹחַב חָמֵשׁ אַמּוֹת לְעֻמַּת קַלְעֵי הֶחָצֵֽר׃
The screen at the entrance of the enclosure was the work of an embroiderer. It was made of greenish blue wool, dark red wool, crimson wool, and twined, fine linen. It was twenty amohs long and the height in the width was five amohs, corresponding to the curtains of the enclosure.
The screen at the entrance of the enclosure was the work of an embroiderer. It was made of greenish blue wool, dark red wool, crimson wool, and twined, fine linen. It was twenty amohs long and the height in the width was five amohs, corresponding to the curtains of the enclosure.
Rashi
לעמת קלעי החצר. כמדת קלעי החצר:
Corresponding to the curtains of the enclosure. [Meaning:] Like the measurement of the curtains of the courtyard.
וְעַמֻּֽדֵיהֶם אַרְבָּעָה וְאַדְנֵיהֶם אַרְבָּעָה נְחֹשֶׁת וָוֵיהֶם כֶּסֶף וְצִפּוּי רָאשֵׁיהֶם וַחֲשֻׁקֵיהֶם כָּֽסֶף׃
(The screen) had four pillars and four copper sockets, silver hooks, and their tops and bands were overlaid with silver.
(The screen) had four pillars and four copper sockets, silver hooks, and their tops and bands were overlaid with silver.
וְֽכׇל־הַיְתֵדֹת לַמִּשְׁכָּן וְלֶחָצֵר סָבִיב נְחֹֽשֶׁת׃ {ס}
All the stakes of the mishkon and the surrounding enclosure were made of copper.
All the stakes of the mishkon and the surrounding enclosure were made of copper.
נבוב לוחות. נבוב הוא חלול, וכן וְעָבְיֹו אַרְבַּע אֶצְבָּעֹות נָבוּב (ירמיה נב, כא):
Hollow boards. נְבוּב means “hollow.” Similarly: “Its thickness was four fingers (נְבוּב) hollow.”