אסתר ו׳:א׳-ז׳:ד׳

נדדה שנת המלך. נס היה, ויש אומרים שם את לבו על שזמנה אסתר את המן שמא נתנה עיניה בו ויהרגהו:

The king’s sleep was disturbed. It was a miracle.¹Otherwise, would Achashveirosh’s sleep be disturbed, particularly on this night, after having partied earlier in the day. Achashveirosh’s sleep was disturbed by a dream in which he saw Haman grabbing a sword to kill him. (Esther Rabbah 10:1) And some [Rabbis] say that he took to heart that Esther had invited Haman; [thinking] perhaps she had set eyes upon him, and he [Haman] would assassinate him.²Maseches Megillah 15b.

להביא את ספר הזכרנות. דרך המלכים כששנתן נודדת אומרים לפניהם משלים ושיחות עד ששנתם חוזרת עליהם, ורבותינו אמרו מתוך שנתן לבו על המן ואסתר אמר אי אפשר שלא ידע אדם עצתם שהוא אוהבי ויגלה לי וחזר ואמר שמא עשה לי אדם טובה ולא גמלתיו ואין חוששין עוד לי, לפיכך ויאמר להביא את ספר הזכרונות:

To bring the book of archives. It is the custom of kings that when their sleep is disturbed, parables and tales are recounted before them until their sleep is restored. Our Rabbis, however, explained that since he took to heart [the matter of] Haman and Esther, he said [to himself], “It is impossible that someone who is my friend should not know their plan and divulge it to me.” He [thought] again and said [to himself], “Perhaps someone did me a favor, and I did not repay him and they do not care about me anymore.” Therefore, “he ordered to bring the book of archives.”³Ibid.

ונתן הלבוש והסוס על יד איש. ואת הכתר לא הזכיר שראה עינו של מלך רעה על שאמר שיתנו הכתר בראש אדם:

Let the robe and the horse be handed to a man. But he did not mention the crown, because he saw that the king became jealous when he said that they should place the crown on [another] person’s head.

וישב מרדכי. לשקו ולתעניתו [:

Mordechai then returned. To his sackcloth, and to his fasting.⁴Maseches Megillah 16a. This was the last day of Mordechai’s three day fast. (Sifsei Chachomim)

אבל וחפוי ראש. רבותינו פירשו הדבר במסכת מגילה:

Grief stricken, his head covered [in shame]. Our Rabbis explained this matter in Maseches Megillah.⁵16a; The Rabbis explained that Haman’s daughter mistook the horse rider as her father, and the man leading him as Mordechai. Unwittingly, she tossed the contents of a chamber pot on her father. When Haman looked up and she saw that it was her father, she fell off the roof and died. Therefore Haman was “grief stricken” on account of his daughter’s death, and “his head covered” by the chamber pot’s contents.

אשר החלות לנפל וגו'. אמרה אומה זו נמשלו לכוכבים ולעפר כשהם יורדים יורדים עד לעפר ושהם עולים עולים עד לרקיע ועד הכוכבים:

Since you have begun to fall, etc. She said, “This nation has been compared to the stars and to the dust. When they descend, they descend to the dust, and when they ascend, they ascend up to the sky and the stars.”⁶Maseches Megillah 15a. Zeresh and Haman’s advisers forewarned Haman that Mordechai’s rise to honor signified the beginning of the rise of the Jews and of Haman’s downfall.

תנתן לי נפשי. שלא אהרג בשלשה עשר באדר שגזרת גזירת הריגה על עמי ומולדתי:

Let my life be granted me. That I should not be slain on the thirteenth of Adar, for you have issued an edict of massacre upon my people and my heritage.

ועמי ינתן לי בבקשתי שלא יהרגו ואם תאמר מה איכפת לך כי איככה אוכל וראיתי וגו':

And my people. Shall be given me in my request, that they should not be slain. Now if you ask, “What does it concern you?” [my answer is] “For how can I see, etc.?”¹Below 8:6.

כי אין הצר שוה בנזק המלך. איננו חושש בנזק המלך שאילו רדף אחר הנאתך היה לו לומר מכור אותם לעבדים ולשפחות וקבל הממון או החי' אותם להיות לך לעבדים הם וזרעם:

For the oppressor has no regard for losses incurred by his majesty. He is not concerned about the king’s loss, for if he had sought your benefit, he should have said, “Sell them as slaves and maidservants and take the money,” or “keep them now to be your slaves, they and their descendants.”